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Catalysts
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Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases
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Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 8029

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Małgorzata Rutkowska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Faculty of Chemistry, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
Interests: heterogenous catalysis in environmental protection; catalysts; zeolites and modern methods of their modification for the application in catalysis; synthesis of zeolites; mesoporous zeolites; silica materials
Prof. Dr. Lucjan Chmielarz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis for environmental applications; zeolites and their functionalization for catalysis and adsorption; clay minerals—intercalation and acid modifications; mesoporous silica materials for catalytic applications; layered double hydroxides and their calcined forms for environmental applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nitrogen pollutants, such as NOx (NO, NO2), N2O, NH3 or organic molecules containing nitrogen are known as dangerous chemicals contributing into the changes of the global climate (e.g. the warming effect, smog or acid rain). They are mainly produced as a result of road traffic, combustion processes and chemical processes in industry. Disruption of the natural nitrogen cycle by anthropogenic activities brings a range of impacts which humankind should keep within certain limits to avoid destabilizing of life conditions on earth.

Last few decades resulted in development and large scale application of various technologies for emission control of nitrogen pollutants, including such processes as NH3-SCR (also in AdBlue variant), AMOx, and many others. New standards of nitrogen pollutants emission moderate studies focused on development new technologies tailored for specific requirements. Among them catalytic methods belong to most effective ones. Development of materials science, including synthesis of materials with designed porous structure, phase and chemical composition as well as distribution of components, opens new opportunities for synthesis of catalysts with properties tailored for their specific applications.

Submissions to this Special Issue, “Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases”, are welcome in the in the field of fundamentals of the synthesis, characterization, and application of various types of catalysts for nitrogen pollutants catalytic or photocatalytic conversion, as well as the new studies about the mechanism (including theoretical studies) and industrial-scale development.

Dr. Małgorzata Rutkowska
Prof. Dr. Lucjan Chmielarz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nitrogen pollutants
  • NOx selective catalytic reduction
  • N2O catalytic decomposition
  • NH3 selective catalytic oxidation
  • N-containing volatile organic compounds incineration
  • green chemistry processes
  • zeolites
  • mesoporous silicas
  • clay minerals and their modifications
  • metal oxide catalysts
  • functional carbon materials

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3422 KiB  
Article
Engineering the Mechanically Mixed BaMnO3-CeO2 Catalyst for NO Direct Decomposition: Effect of Thermal Treatment on Catalytic Activity
by Huanghao Ning, Wenxue Ji, Yongdan Li and Cuijuan Zhang
Catalysts 2023, 13(2), 259; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal13020259 - 23 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1346
Abstract
A 5 wt% BaMnO3-CeO2 composite catalyst prepared by the one-pot method exhibits extraordinary catalytic performance for nitrogen monoxide (NO) direct decomposition into N2 and O2; however, the reasons for the high activity remain to be explored. Here, [...] Read more.
A 5 wt% BaMnO3-CeO2 composite catalyst prepared by the one-pot method exhibits extraordinary catalytic performance for nitrogen monoxide (NO) direct decomposition into N2 and O2; however, the reasons for the high activity remain to be explored. Here, the catalyst was prepared by mechanical mixing and then subjected to thermal treatment at different temperatures (600–800 °C) to explore the underlying reasons. The thermal pre-treatment at temperatures higher than 600 °C can improve the catalytic activity of the mechanically mixed samples. The 700 °C-treated 5%BaMnO3-CeO2 sample shows the highest activity, with NO conversion to N2 of 13.4%, 40.6% and 57.1% at 600, 700, and 800 °C, respectively. Comparative activity study with different supports (ZrO2, TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3) reveals that CeO2 is indispensable for the high performance of a BaMnO3-CeO2 composite catalyst. The Ce species (mainly Ce3+) in CeO2 components diffuse into the lattice of BaMnO3, generating oxide ion vacancy in both components as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra, which accelerates the rate-determining step and thus higher activity. The chemisorption results show that the interaction between BaMnO3 and CeO2 leads to higher redox activity and mobility of lattice oxygen. This work demonstrates that engineering the oxide ion vacancy, e.g., by thermal treatment, is an effective strategy to enhance the catalytic activity towards NO direct decomposition, which is expected to be applicable to other heterogeneous catalysts involving oxide ion vacancy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases)
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11 pages, 1210 KiB  
Article
Low-Temperature Decomposition of Nitrous Oxide on Cs/MexCo3−xO4 (Me: Ni or Mg, x = 0–0.9) Oxides
by Yulia Ivanova and Lyubov Isupova
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 137; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal13010137 - 06 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1111
Abstract
Mixed oxides MexCo3−xO4 (Me: Ni or Mg, x = 0–0.9) with a spinel structure were synthesized by precipitation from Me, Co nitrate solutions using (NH4)2CO3 as the precipitating agent with subsequent modification of [...] Read more.
Mixed oxides MexCo3−xO4 (Me: Ni or Mg, x = 0–0.9) with a spinel structure were synthesized by precipitation from Me, Co nitrate solutions using (NH4)2CO3 as the precipitating agent with subsequent modification of the dry precipitate with cesium by the Pechini method and calcination. The samples were studied by XRD, TPR, and TPD methods. Their catalytic activity was studied in the low-temperature (150–350 °C) nitrous oxide decomposition process. It was shown that an increase in the degree of substitution of cobalt (x) leads to a significant decrease in the degree of crystallization of the oxides, an increase in the specific surface area, and the formation of surface weakly bound oxygen species. The highest activity was shown by the catalysts with a degree of substitution x = 0.1, especially by the nickel-substituted sample, which contained the maximum amount of weakly bound surface oxygen species. The difference in the influence of Mg and Ni on the MexCo3−xO4 properties is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases)
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22 pages, 9331 KiB  
Article
Effect of Zinc on the Structure and Activity of the Cobalt Oxide Catalysts for NO Decomposition
by Kateřina Karásková, Kateřina Pacultová, Tereza Bílková, Dagmar Fridrichová, Martin Koštejn, Pavlína Peikertová, Paweł Stelmachowski, Pavel Kukula and Lucie Obalová
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 18; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal13010018 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
Co4−iZniMnAlOx mixed oxides (i = 0, 0.5 and 1) were prepared by coprecipitation, subsequently modified with potassium (2 or 4 wt.% K), and investigated for direct catalytic NO decomposition, one of the most attractive and challenging NO [...] Read more.
Co4−iZniMnAlOx mixed oxides (i = 0, 0.5 and 1) were prepared by coprecipitation, subsequently modified with potassium (2 or 4 wt.% K), and investigated for direct catalytic NO decomposition, one of the most attractive and challenging NOx abatement processes. The catalysts were characterised by atomic absorption spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction by hydrogen, the temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 and NO, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, the work function, and N2 physisorption. The partial substitution of cobalt increased the specific surface area, decreased the pore sizes, influenced the surface composition, and obtained acid-base properties as a result of the higher availability of medium and strong basic sites. No visible changes in the morphology, crystallite size, and work function were observed upon the cobalt substitution. The conversion of NO increased after the Co substitution, however, the increase in the amount of zinc did not affect the catalytic activity, whereas a higher amount of potassium caused a decrease in the NO conversion. The results obtained, which were predominantly the acid-base characteristics of the catalyst, are in direct correlation with the proposed NO decomposition reaction mechanisms with NOx− as the main reaction intermediates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases)
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14 pages, 4899 KiB  
Article
Determination of Chemical Kinetic Parameters for Adsorption and Desorption of NH3 in Cu-Zeolite Used as a DeNOx SCR Catalyst of Diesel Engines
by Yanghwa Kim, Ocktaeck Lim and Hongsuk Kim
Catalysts 2022, 12(8), 917; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12080917 - 19 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1488
Abstract
Ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction is one of the most effective NOx reduction technologies for diesel engines, but its low NOx reduction efficiency under low-temperature conditions needs further improvement. Previous studies have broadened our understanding of the NH3 adsorption and desorption [...] Read more.
Ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction is one of the most effective NOx reduction technologies for diesel engines, but its low NOx reduction efficiency under low-temperature conditions needs further improvement. Previous studies have broadened our understanding of the NH3 adsorption and desorption that occurs in an SCR catalyst of Cu ion-exchanged zeolite. However, many studies conducted to data on the control of the NH3 adsorption and desorption in SCR catalysts have considered a simple chemical reaction related to a single acid site. This study demonstrates a detailed process for determining the chemical kinetic parameters of the adsorption and desorption of NH3 for different types of acid sites of a zeolite catalyst. The determined chemical kinetics parameters will be used for more effective control of the SCR system in future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases)
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19 pages, 4039 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Performance of Bimetallic Systems (Cu-Fe, Cu-Mn, Fe-Mn) Based on Spherical MCM-41 Modified by Template Ion-Exchange in NH3-SCR Process
by Aleksandra Jankowska, Andrzej Kowalczyk, Małgorzata Rutkowska, Marek Michalik and Lucjan Chmielarz
Catalysts 2022, 12(8), 885; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12080885 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1591
Abstract
Mesoporous silica of MCM-41 type with spherical morphology was modified with copper, iron, or manganese as well as pairs of these metals by template ion-exchange (TIE) method. The obtained samples were characterized with respect to their structure (XRD), morphology (SEM-EDS), textural parameters (low-temperature [...] Read more.
Mesoporous silica of MCM-41 type with spherical morphology was modified with copper, iron, or manganese as well as pairs of these metals by template ion-exchange (TIE) method. The obtained samples were characterized with respect to their structure (XRD), morphology (SEM-EDS), textural parameters (low-temperature N2 sorption), surface acidity (NH3-TPD), transition metal loadings (ICP-OES), their deposited forms (UV-vis DRS) and reducibility (H2-TPR). The catalytic performance of monometallic and bimetallic samples in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia (NH3-SCR) was tested. The best catalytic results presented a bimetallic copper-manganese sample, which was significantly more active than the mechanical mixture of monometallic copper and manganese catalysts. The synergistic cooperation of manganese and copper species is possibly related to charge relocation between them, resulting in activation of the catalyst in oxidation of NO to NO2, which is necessary for the fast NH3-SCR reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Methods for Nitrogen Pollutants Conversion in Flue Gases)
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