Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrates

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis in Organic and Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 6247

Special Issue Editors

Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Quim Estrutural, Univ Lisbon, Av Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: catalysis; organometallic chemistry; organic chemistry; sustainable chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Bioprocessing and BioCatalysis, National Research Council Canada, K1N 5A2, Ottawa, Canada
Interests: biocatalysis; biomaterials; biofuels; bioprocessing; process optimization; reaction kinetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels, chemicals, drugs, and various materials is currently one of the most challenging tasks for academics and industry. Direct connection of biomass resources to these compounds provides an efficient and ecological approach for their sustainable long-term production. Among biomass resources, carbohydrates form by far the largest natural source of carbon and are considered the ideal feedstock for the production of a platform of value-added compounds.
This Special Issue embraces original research articles or relevant critical reviews on the recent achievements, current challenges, and future opportunities on catalytic conversion of carbohydrates (monosaccharides and polysaccharides). Submissions are welcome especially, though not exclusively, on the catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into: 

  • - Value-added compounds;
  • - Biofuels;
  • - Pharmaceutical substances;
  • - Bioactive compounds;
  • - Amine derivatives;
  • - Heteroatom-containing chemicals;
  • - Heterocyclic compounds;
  • - Polymers;
  • - Materials

Dr. Ana Cristina Fernandes
Dr. Peter Adewale
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • carbohydrates
  • catalysis
  • value-added compounds
  • biofuels
  • bioactive compounds
  • amines
  • heteroatom compounds
  • polymers
  • materials

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 1682 KiB  
Article
Dehydration of Xylose to Furfural over Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid with Phase Separation
by Derun Hua, Hao Ding, Yunfeng Liu, Jian Li and Baojun Han
Catalysts 2021, 11(12), 1552; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal11121552 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2257
Abstract
An environmentally friendly catalyst and task-specific ionic liquid (IL), 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-cetyl-2-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, was applied to the dehydration of xylose to furfural. Its structure was determined by FT-IR, 1H NMR technologies. The solubility of IL in water changed with the [...] Read more.
An environmentally friendly catalyst and task-specific ionic liquid (IL), 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-cetyl-2-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, was applied to the dehydration of xylose to furfural. Its structure was determined by FT-IR, 1H NMR technologies. The solubility of IL in water changed with the temperature, and had the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. At the given conditions, xylose conversion of 95.3% and furfural yield of 67.5% were achieved over IL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrates)
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9 pages, 878 KiB  
Article
Biodiesel Production from Melia azedarach and Ricinus communis Oil by Transesterification Process
by Muhammad Awais, Sa’ed A Musmar, Faryal Kabir, Iram Batool, Muhammad Asif Rasheed, Farrukh Jamil, Sami Ullah Khan and Iskander Tlili
Catalysts 2020, 10(4), 427; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10040427 - 14 Apr 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3263
Abstract
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel usually produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. This study investigates the extraction of oil and its conversion into biodiesel by base-catalyzed transesterification. Firstly, the effect of various solvents (methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, di-ethyl ether) on extraction of oil [...] Read more.
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel usually produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. This study investigates the extraction of oil and its conversion into biodiesel by base-catalyzed transesterification. Firstly, the effect of various solvents (methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, di-ethyl ether) on extraction of oil from non-edible crops, such as R. communis and M. azedarach, were examined. It was observed that a higher concentration of oil was obtained from R. communis (43.6%) as compared to M. azedarach (35.6%) by using methanol and n-hexane, respectively. The extracted oils were subjected to NaOH (1%) catalyzed transesterification by analyzing the effect of oil/methanol molar ratio (1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10) and varying temperature (20, 40, 60 and 80 °C) for 2.5 h of reaction time. M. azedarach yielded 88% and R. communis yielded 93% biodiesel in 1:6 and 1:8 molar concentrations at ambient temperature whereas, 60 °C was selected as an optimum temperature, giving 90% (M. azedarach) and 94% (R. communis) biodiesel. The extracted oil and biodiesel were characterized for various parameters and most of the properties fulfilled the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard biodiesel. The further characterization of fatty acids was done by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) and oleic acid was found to be dominant in M. azedarach (61.5%) and R. communis contained ricinoleic acid (75.53%). Furthermore, the functional groups were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The results suggested that both of the oils are easily available and can be used for commercial biodiesel production at a cost-effective scale. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrates)
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