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Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination
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Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 34544

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Luisa Maria Gomez-Sainero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: hydrodechlorination; heterogeneous catalysis; chemical and environmental engineering; catalyst preparation and characterization; hydrogen production by reforming and partial oxidation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. María Martín Martínez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: nanocatalysis; metal catalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Catalytic hydrodechlorination is a featured technology for the treatment and valorization of organic chlorinated wastes, which finds application for gaseous and liquid residual effluents. In addition, it can be used as an intermediate and alternative process to obtain valuable hydrocarbons for the petrochemical industry (such as olefins), after former chlorination of renewable feedstocks like biogas or methanol. However, the development of this technology still faces important challenges. Advances in the optimization and design of new catalytic materials and processes to improve activity, selectivity, and stability, determination of reaction mechanisms and kinetics, analysis of the causes of catalyst deactivation, and formulation of regeneration procedures are relevant issues for the industrial application of hydrodechlorination processes. 

The aim of this Special Issue is to cover novel research and trends in all relevant aspects of catalytic hydrodechlorination, which may contribute to improve the current state of the technology as well as to increase the understanding of the process and the correlation between the composition and structure of the catalysts and their reactivity.  

Prof. Dr. Luisa Maria Gomez-Sainero
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Hydrodechlorination
  • valorization
  • residual streams
  • catalysts preparation and characterization
  • reaction mechanisms and kinetics
  • catalyst deactivation and regeneration

Published Papers (12 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 184 KiB  
Editorial
Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination
by Maria Martin-Martinez and Luisa M. Gómez-Sainero
Catalysts 2021, 11(2), 272; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal11020272 - 18 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1857
Abstract
Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) is a technology with great potential for the treatment and valorization of organic chlorinated wastes [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

16 pages, 12086 KiB  
Article
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon as a Support for Palladium-Based Hydrodechlorination Catalysts
by Farzeen Sakina, Carlos Fernandez-Ruiz, Jorge Bedia, Luisa Gomez-Sainero and Richard T. Baker
Catalysts 2021, 11(1), 23; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal11010023 - 28 Dec 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1967
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) was employed as a support for palladium nanoparticles in catalysts for the gas phase hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM). 1 wt% palladium was incorporated using three methods: incipient wetness (IW); a dilute solution (DS) method; and a solid-liquid (SL) [...] Read more.
Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) was employed as a support for palladium nanoparticles in catalysts for the gas phase hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM). 1 wt% palladium was incorporated using three methods: incipient wetness (IW); a dilute solution (DS) method; and a solid-liquid (SL) method. The effect of the preparation method on catalyst structure and activity was investigated. Catalyst composition and nanostructure were studied using gas physisorption, high specification transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Catalytic conversion and product selectivities were determined in steady-state activity tests at temperatures between 70 and 300 °C. Two of the catalysts (IW and DS) showed excellent dispersion of fine Pd nanoparticles of average diameter ~2 nm. These materials showed excellent activity for HDC of TCM which compares favourably with the performance reported for Pd on amorphous carbon catalysts. In addition, they showed relatively high selectivities to the more valuable higher hydrocarbons. However, the SL method gave rise to catalysts with larger particles (~3 nm) and a less uniform palladium distribution. This resulted in lower conversion and lower selectivities to higher hydrocarbons and in more severe catalyst deactivation at the highest reaction temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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17 pages, 4647 KiB  
Article
Two Scenarios of Dechlorination of the Chlorinated Hydrocarbons over Nickel-Alumina Catalyst
by Ilya V. Mishakov, Aleksey A. Vedyagin, Yury I. Bauman, Arina R. Potylitsyna, Anastasiya S. Kadtsyna, Vladimir V. Chesnokov, Anton Yu. Nalivaiko, Alexander A. Gromov and Roman A. Buyanov
Catalysts 2020, 10(12), 1446; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10121446 - 10 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2053
Abstract
Dechlorination processes attract great interest since they are involved in environmental protection and waste disposal technologies. In this paper, the process of gas-phase dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, and chlorobenzene over Ni/Al2O3 catalyst (90 wt% Ni) prepared by a coprecipitation technique [...] Read more.
Dechlorination processes attract great interest since they are involved in environmental protection and waste disposal technologies. In this paper, the process of gas-phase dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, and chlorobenzene over Ni/Al2O3 catalyst (90 wt% Ni) prepared by a coprecipitation technique was investigated. The reduction behavior of the oxide precursor NiO/Al2O3 was studied by thermogravimetric analysis in a hydrogen medium. A thermodynamic assessment of the conditions under which metallic nickel undergoes deactivation due to the formation of nickel chloride was performed. The dechlorination of chlorinated substrates was studied using a gravimetric flow-through system equipped with McBain balances in a wide range of temperatures (350–650 °C) and hydrogen concentrations (0–98 vol%). The impact of these parameters on selectivity towards the products of hydrodechlorination (C2H4, C2H6, and C6H6) and catalytic pyrolysis (carbon nanomaterial and CH4) was explored. The relationship between the mechanisms of the catalytic hydrodechlorination and the carbide cycle was discussed, and the specific reaction conditions for the implementation of both scenarios were revealed. According to the electron microscopy data, the carbonaceous products deposited on nickel particles during catalytic pyrolysis are represented by nanofibers with a disordered structure formed due to the peculiarity of the process including the side carbon methanation reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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23 pages, 3891 KiB  
Article
Hydrodechlorination of CHClF2 (HCFC-22) over Pd–Pt Catalysts Supported on Thermally Modified Activated Carbon
by Monika Radlik, Wojciech Juszczyk, Krzysztof Matus, Wioletta Raróg-Pilecka and Zbigniew Karpiński
Catalysts 2020, 10(11), 1291; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10111291 - 08 Nov 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2429
Abstract
Commercial activated carbon, pretreated in helium at 1600 °C and largely free of micropores, was used as a support for two series of 2 wt.% Pd–Pt catalysts, prepared by impregnating the support with metal acetylacetonates or metal chlorides. The catalysts were characterized by [...] Read more.
Commercial activated carbon, pretreated in helium at 1600 °C and largely free of micropores, was used as a support for two series of 2 wt.% Pd–Pt catalysts, prepared by impregnating the support with metal acetylacetonates or metal chlorides. The catalysts were characterized by temperature-programmed methods, H2 chemisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Overall, the results confirmed the existence of well-dispersed Pd–Pt nanoparticles in the bimetallic catalysts, ranging in size from 2 to 3 nm. The catalysts were investigated in the gas phase hydrodechlorination of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22). In this environmentally relevant reaction, both the ex-chloride and ex-acetylacetonate Pd–Pt/C catalysts exhibited better hydrodechlorination activity than the monometallic catalysts, which is consistent with the previous results of hydrodechlorination for other chlorine-containing compounds. This synergistic effect can be attributed to the electron charge transfer from platinum to palladium. In general, product selectivity changes regularly with Pd–Pt alloy composition, from high in CH2F2 for Pd/C (70–80%) to the selective formation of CH4 for Pt/C (60–70%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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21 pages, 5274 KiB  
Article
Hydrodechlorination of Different Chloroaromatic Compounds at Room Temperature and Ambient Pressure—Differences in Reactivity of Cu- and Ni-Based Al Alloys in an Alkaline Aqueous Solution
by Tomáš Weidlich, Barbora Kamenická, Klára Melánová, Veronika Čičmancová, Alena Komersová and Jiří Čermák
Catalysts 2020, 10(9), 994; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10090994 - 01 Sep 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2714
Abstract
It is well known that the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chlorinated aromatic contaminants in aqueous effluents enables a significant increase in biodegradability. HDC consumes a low quantity of reactants producing corresponding non-chlorinated and much more biodegradable organic compounds. Two commonly used precious metals free [...] Read more.
It is well known that the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chlorinated aromatic contaminants in aqueous effluents enables a significant increase in biodegradability. HDC consumes a low quantity of reactants producing corresponding non-chlorinated and much more biodegradable organic compounds. Two commonly used precious metals free Al alloys (Raney Al-Ni and Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn) were compared in reductive action in an alkaline aqueous solution. Raney Al-Ni alloy was examined as a universal and extremely effective HDC agent in a diluted aqueous NaOH solution. The robustness of Raney Al-Ni activity is illustrated in the case of HDC of polychlorinated aromatic compounds mixture in actual waste water. In contrast, Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn alloy was approved as much less active for HDC of the tested chlorinated aromatic compounds, but with a surprisingly high selectivity on cleavage of C-Cl bonds in the meta and sometimes the ortho position in chlorinated aniline and sometimes chlorinated phenol structures. The reaction of both tested alloys with chlorinated aromatic compounds in the aqueous NaOH solution is accompanied by dissolution of aluminum. Dissolved Al in the alkaline HDC reaction mixture is very useful for subsequent treatment of HDC products by coagulation and flocculation of Al(OH)3 caused by simple neutralization of the alkaline aqueous phase after the HDC reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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14 pages, 2529 KiB  
Article
Understanding Surface Basic Sites of Catalysts: Kinetics and Mechanism of Dehydrochlorination of 1,2-Dichloroethane over N-Doped Carbon Catalysts
by Zhaobing Shen, Yejun Han, Yue Liu, Yejun Qin, Ping Xing, Hong Zhao and Biao Jiang
Catalysts 2020, 10(6), 707; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10060707 - 24 Jun 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3026
Abstract
The production of vinyl chloride (VCM) by pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) is an important process in the ethylene-based poly(vinyl chloride) industry. The pyrolysis is performed at temperatures above 500 °C, gives low conversions, and has high energy consumption. We have shown that N-doped [...] Read more.
The production of vinyl chloride (VCM) by pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) is an important process in the ethylene-based poly(vinyl chloride) industry. The pyrolysis is performed at temperatures above 500 °C, gives low conversions, and has high energy consumption. We have shown that N-doped carbon catalysts give excellent performances in DCE dehydrochlorination at 280 °C. The current understanding of the active sites, mechanism, and kinetics of DCE dehydrochlorination over N-doped carbon catalysts is limited. Here, we showed that pyridinic-N on a N-doped carbon catalyst is the active site for catalytic production of vinyl chloride monomer from DCE. The results of CO2 and DCE temperature-programmed desorption experiments showed that the pyridinic-N catalytic sites are basic, and the mechanism of dehydrochlorination on a N-doped carbon catalyst involves a carbanion. A kinetic study of dehydrochlorination showed that the surface reaction rate on the N-doped carbon catalyst was the limiting step in the catalytic dehydrochlorination of DCE. This result enabled clarification of the dehydrochlorination mechanism and optimization of the reaction process. These findings will stimulate further studies to increase our understanding of the relationship between the base strength and catalytic performance. The results of this study provide a method for catalyst optimization, namely modification of the amount of pyridinic-N and the base strength of the catalyst, to increase the surface reaction rate of DCE dehydrochlorination on N-doped carbon catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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12 pages, 2829 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Pluronic F-127 Modification on Nano Zero-Valent Iron (NZVI): Sedimentation and Reactivity with 2,4-Dichlorophenol in Water Using Response Surface Methodology
by Yajun Li, Yongxiang Zhang, Qi Jing and Yuhui Lin
Catalysts 2020, 10(4), 412; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10040412 - 08 Apr 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2252
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) is widely used for reducing chlorinated organic pollutants in water. However, the stability of the particles will affect the removal rate of the contaminant. In order to enhance the stability of nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), the particles were modified [...] Read more.
Nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) is widely used for reducing chlorinated organic pollutants in water. However, the stability of the particles will affect the removal rate of the contaminant. In order to enhance the stability of nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), the particles were modified with F-127 as an environmentally friendly organic stabilizer. The study investigated the effect of the F-127 mass ratio on the colloidal stability of NZVI. Results show that the sedimentation behavior of F-NZVI varied at different mass ratios. A biphasic model was used to describe the two time-dependent settling processes (rapid sedimentation followed by slower settling), and the settling rates were calculated. The surface morphology of the synthesized F-NZVI was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the functional groups of the samples were analyzed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results show that the F-127 was successfully coated on the surface of the NZVI, and that significantly improved the stability of NZVI. Finally, in order to optimize the removal rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by F-NZVI, three variables were tested: the initial concentration 2,4-DCP, the pH, and the F-NZVI dosage. These were evaluated with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The experiments were designed by Design Expert software, and the regression model of fitting quadratic model was established. The following optimum removal conditions were determined: pH = 5, 3.5 g·L−1 F-NZVI for 22.5 mg·L−1 of 2,4-DCP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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13 pages, 4091 KiB  
Article
Facile Preparation of BaClxFy for the Catalytic Dehydrochlorination of 1-Chloro-1,1-Difluoroethane to Vinylidene Fluoride
by Wei Yu, Wenfeng Han, Yongnan Liu, Jiaqin Lu, Hong Yang, Bing Liu, Haodong Tang, Aimin Chen and Ying Li
Catalysts 2020, 10(4), 377; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10040377 - 01 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
BaClxFy as well as BaF2 and BaClF catalysts were prepared by solid-state reaction at room temperature with Ba(OH)2 as the precursor and NH4F/NH4Cl as the F and Cl sources. The catalysts were applied for [...] Read more.
BaClxFy as well as BaF2 and BaClF catalysts were prepared by solid-state reaction at room temperature with Ba(OH)2 as the precursor and NH4F/NH4Cl as the F and Cl sources. The catalysts were applied for the dehydrochlorination of 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane to vinylidene fluoride at 350 °C. The industrial manufacture of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) is carried out at 600–700 °C, whereas the BaClxFy catalysts provided a promising pathway to produce VDF at much lower temperatures. Unfortunately, the selectivity of VDF over BaF2 decreased from 94% to 84% along with the deactivation of the BaF2 catalyst monotonically. In the presence of small amounts of Cl in BaF2, stabilized selectivity was achieved. Over BaCl0.05F0.95, BaCl0.1F0.9 and BaCl0.25F0.75, no decrease in VDF selectivity was observed. Clearly, the presence of small amounts Cl during solid-state preparation inhibited the growth of BaF2 crystalline significantly. Far smaller particles were achieved. The particle size, or more precisely, the crystal size of the barium catalyst played a major role in the catalytic performance. In addition to the crystal growth, the presence of small amounts of Cl during catalyst preparation changed the chemical state of Ba, and therefore the adsorption and activation of the C–Cl bond for HCFC-142b were altered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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18 pages, 3559 KiB  
Article
Promoting Light Hydrocarbons Yield by Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Residual Chloromethanes Using Palladium Supported on Zeolite Catalysts
by Carlos Fernandez-Ruiz, Jorge Bedia, Javier Mario Grau, Ana Clara Romero, Daniel Rodríguez, Juan José Rodríguez and Luisa María Gómez-Sainero
Catalysts 2020, 10(2), 199; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10020199 - 06 Feb 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3187
Abstract
Gas catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM) and dichloromethane (DCM) was analyzed using Pd (1 wt.%) on different zeolites as catalysts. The aim of this study was to know the surface properties of the catalysts and reaction conditions that promote the yield to [...] Read more.
Gas catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM) and dichloromethane (DCM) was analyzed using Pd (1 wt.%) on different zeolites as catalysts. The aim of this study was to know the surface properties of the catalysts and reaction conditions that promote the yield to light hydrocarbons in this reaction. Five different zeolite supports were used from three commercial zeolites (KL, L-type; NaY, Faujasite; H-MOR, Mordenite). KL and NaY were submitted to ionic exchange treatments in order to increase their acidity and analyze the effect of the acidity in the activity and selectivity of the HDC reaction. Exchanged zeolites (HL and HY) showed the highest Pd dispersion due to their higher surface acidity. The best TCM/DCM conversion and selectivity to light hydrocarbons was obtained using the two non-exchanged zeolite-catalysts, KL and NaY. Low surface acidity seems to be the key aspect to promote the formation of light hydrocarbons. The formation of these products is favored at high reaction temperatures and low H2: chloromethane ratios. KL showed the highest selectivity to olefins (60%), although with a lower dechlorination degree. Non-exchanged NaY catalyst showed high selectivity to paraffins (70% and 95% for the HDC of DCM and TCM, respectively). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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14 pages, 3323 KiB  
Article
Adsorption Behavior and Electron Structure Engineering of Pd-Based Catalysts for Acetylene Hydrochlorination
by Yaqing Cen, Yuxue Yue, Saisai Wang, Jinyue Lu, Bolin Wang, Chunxiao Jin, Lingling Guo, Zhong-Ting Hu and Jia Zhao
Catalysts 2020, 10(1), 24; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10010024 - 24 Dec 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2655
Abstract
Adsorption and activation for substrates and the stability of Pd species in Pd-based catalysts are imperative for their wider adoption in industrial and practical applications. However, the influence factor of these aspects has remained unclear. This indicates a need to understand the various [...] Read more.
Adsorption and activation for substrates and the stability of Pd species in Pd-based catalysts are imperative for their wider adoption in industrial and practical applications. However, the influence factor of these aspects has remained unclear. This indicates a need to understand the various perceptions of the structure–function relationship that exists between microstructure and catalytic performance. Herein, we revisit the catalytic performance of supported-ionic-liquid-phase stabilized Pd-based catalysts with nitrogen-containing ligands as a promoter for acetylene hydrochlorination, and try to figure out their regulation. We found that the absolute value of the differential energy, |Eads(C2H2)-Eads(HCl)|, is negative correlated with the stability of palladium catalysts. These findings imply that the optimization of the electron structure provides a new strategy for designing highly active yet durable Pd-based catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

38 pages, 3593 KiB  
Review
Understanding Hydrodechlorination of Chloromethanes. Past and Future of the Technology
by Sichen Liu, Javier A. Otero, Maria Martin-Martinez, Daniel Rodriguez-Franco, Juan J. Rodriguez and Luisa M. Gómez-Sainero
Catalysts 2020, 10(12), 1462; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10121462 - 14 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3483
Abstract
Chloromethanes are a group of volatile organic compounds that are harmful to the environment and human health. Abundant studies have verified that hydrodechlorination might be an effective treatment to remove these chlorinated pollutants. The most outstanding advantages of this technique are the moderate [...] Read more.
Chloromethanes are a group of volatile organic compounds that are harmful to the environment and human health. Abundant studies have verified that hydrodechlorination might be an effective treatment to remove these chlorinated pollutants. The most outstanding advantages of this technique are the moderate operating conditions used and the possibility of obtaining less hazardous valuable products. This review presents a global analysis of experimental and theoretical studies regarding the hydrodechlorination of chloromethanes. The catalysts used and their synthesis methods are summarized. Their physicochemical properties are analyzed in order to deeply understand their influence on the catalytic performance. Moreover, the main causes of the catalyst deactivation are explained, and prevention and regeneration methods are suggested. The reaction systems used and the effect of the operating conditions on the catalytic activity are also analyzed. Besides, the mechanisms and kinetics of the process at the atomic level are reviewed. Finally, a new perspective for the upgrading of chloromethanes, via hydrodechlorination, to valuable hydrocarbons for industry, such as light olefins, is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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52 pages, 5157 KiB  
Review
Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Hydrodechlorination Processes—Catalysts and Technologies
by M.R. Flid, L.M. Kartashov and Yu.A. Treger
Catalysts 2020, 10(2), 216; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10020216 - 11 Feb 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5009
Abstract
The commercial implementation of hydrodechlorination processes will be an essential step in resolving the problem of environmentally sound organochlorine wastes processing. By now, there is a number of fundamental, applied, and process elaborations of such processes, in which chlorine is almost completely removed [...] Read more.
The commercial implementation of hydrodechlorination processes will be an essential step in resolving the problem of environmentally sound organochlorine wastes processing. By now, there is a number of fundamental, applied, and process elaborations of such processes, in which chlorine is almost completely removed from wastes. The review article contains a significant number of results including basic regularities of thermal hydrodechlorination, comprehensive and selective catalytic hydrodechlorination. It discusses thermodynamics, kinetics, and catalysts of gas and liquid phase processes. Considerable attention is paid to hydrodechlorination of vinyl chloride production wastes and utilization of tetrachloromethane, which is the ozone-depleting substance. It also discusses hydrodechlorination of mono- and (poly)chlorobenzenes. The important examples of liquid phase data include hydrogenation using complex hydrides of elements. It also includes several flow sheets of hydrodechlorination processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Catalytic Hydrodechlorination)
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