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New Catalysts and Catalytic Technologies for Diesel Soot Emission Reduction

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A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 12234

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Palma

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Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis applied to the abatement of environmental pollutants coming from fossil fuel combustion processes; coal and coal–biomass combustion; catalytic autothermal reforming of methane for hydrogen production; microwave-assisted catalytic oxidation of Diesel soot; photocatalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of cycloalkanes at low temperatures
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Dr. Eugenio Meloni

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Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; soot abatement; process intensification; catalytic filters for soot abatement; microwave-assisted processes; hydrogen production; structured catalysts preparation and characterization; non-thermal plasma; steam reforming; dry reforming; water gas shift
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diesel engines are attractive thanks to their good performance in terms of fuel consumption, drivability, power output and efficiency. Nevertheless, in the last few years, increasing restrictions have been imposed to particulate emissions, concerning both mass (PM) and number (PN).

Different technologies have been proposed to meet emissions standards, and the wall-flow Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is currently the most common after-treatment system used to trap PM from exhaust gases. This technology exhibits good features such that it can be regenerated to remove any accumulation of PM. However, this process involves oxidation of the filtered PM at a high temperature through after- and post-fuel injection strategies, which results in an increase of fuel consumption and may lead to physical damages of the filter in the long-term.

This Special Issue is focused on “New Catalysts and Catalytic Technologies for Diesel Soot Emission Reduction”, with the aim to present the most recent and innovative scientific results in this field. In particular, research papers related to the formulation of specific catalysts to be used in the development of catalytic DPFs, as well as innovative regeneration technologies, are welcome to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Palma
Dr. Eugenio Meloni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Diesel particulate filter
catalytic formulations
soot abatement
regeneration of diesel particulate filters

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 4633 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of the Preparation Method of Ag-K/CeO₂-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃ Catalysts on Their Structure and Activity for the Simultaneous Removal of Soot and NOx

by Anna Cooper, Thomas E. Davies, David J. Morgan, Stan Golunski and Stuart H. Taylor

Catalysts 2020, 10(3), 294; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10030294 - 04 Mar 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2932

Abstract

Ag/CeO₂-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃, a known catalyst for the simultaneous removal of NOx and soot, was modified by the addition of K, and was prepared using various techniques: wet impregnation, incipient wetness, and chemical vapor impregnation at different temperatures. The effect of the preparation method on catalyst activity was studied. It was found that catalysts prepared via wet impregnation, incipient wetness, and chemical vapor impregnation at 80 °C were able to utilize in situ formed N₂O at low temperatures, to simultaneously remove NOx and soot. The difference in preparation method affected the catalyst’s ability to produce and use N₂O as an oxidant for soot. The temperature at which chemical vapor impregnation was performed greatly influenced the catalyst’s ability to oxidize soot. The introduction of K to the Ag/CeO₂-ZrO₂-Al₂O₃ vastly improved the soot oxidation activity, particularly for the catalyst prepared via wet impregnation. However, the incorporation of K had an adverse effect on the reduction of NOx. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Catalysts and Catalytic Technologies for Diesel Soot Emission Reduction)

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14 pages, 2233 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Plasma-Assisted Selective Catalytic Reduction for Low-Temperature Removal of NO_x and Soot Simulant

by Van Toan Nguyen, Duc Ba Nguyen, Iljeong Heo and Young Sun Mok

Catalysts 2019, 9(10), 853; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal9100853 - 13 Oct 2019

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3419

Abstract

The challenge that needs to be overcome regarding the removal of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and soot from exhaust gases is the low activity of the selective catalytic reduction of NO_x at temperatures fluctuating from 150 to 350 °C. The primary goal of this work was to enhance the conversion of NO_x and soot simulant by employing a Ag/α-Al₂O₃ catalyst coupled with dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The results demonstrated that the use of a plasma-catalyst process at low operating temperatures increased the removal of both NO_x and naphthalene (soot simulant). Moreover, the soot simulant functioned as a reducing agent for NO_x removal, but with low NO_x conversion. The high efficiency of NO_x removal required the addition of hydrocarbon fuel. In summary, the combined use of the catalyst and plasma (specific input energy, SIE ≥ 60 J/L) solved the poor removal of NO_x and soot at low operating temperatures or during temperature fluctuations in the range of 150–350 °C. Specifically, highly efficient naphthalene removal was achieved with low-temperature adsorption on the catalyst followed by the complete decomposition by the plasma-catalyst at 350 °C and SIE of 90 J/L. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Catalysts and Catalytic Technologies for Diesel Soot Emission Reduction)

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Review

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27 pages, 4091 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperEditor’s ChoiceReview

Most Recent Advances in Diesel Engine Catalytic Soot Abatement: Structured Catalysts and Alternative Approaches

by Eugenio Meloni and Vincenzo Palma

Catalysts 2020, 10(7), 745; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal10070745 - 05 Jul 2020

Cited by 38 | Viewed by 4938

Abstract

Diesel engine emissions are typically composed of several hundred chemical compounds, partly present in the gas phase and partly in solid phase as particles, the so-called particulate matter or soot. The morphology of the catalyst is an important characteristic of soot particles’ abatement, since a good contact between catalyst and soot is mandatory. For practical purposes, the active species should be supported as a film on the structured carrier, in order to allow simultaneous soot filtration and combustion. This review focuses on the most recent advances in the development of structured catalysts for diesel engine catalytic soot combustion, characterized by different active species and supports, as well as by different geometric configurations (monoliths, foams, ceramic papers, or wire mesh); the most important peculiar properties are highlighted and summarized. Moreover, a critical review of the most recent advances in modeling studies is also presented in this paper. In addition, some highlights on some of the most recent alternative approaches proposed for limiting the soot emissions from diesel engines have been given, delineating feasible alternatives to the classical strategies nowadays used. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Catalysts and Catalytic Technologies for Diesel Soot Emission Reduction)

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