Catalytic Effect of Microwave Energy on Reaction Rate Enhancement

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 3307

Special Issue Editor

Process Metallurgy Research Group, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300 Oulu, Finland
Interests: microwave processing primary and secondary raw materials; mechanism of microwave heating; applying microwaves for utilization and recycling of iron and steelmaking waste; applying microwave energy for processing different industrial wastes, applying microwaves energy to synthesis high-quality materials, primary and secondary raw materials characterization and upgrading

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microwave heating is considered one of the most likely to replace traditional heating methods owing to its effective, rapid, and clean heating. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to using microwave energy in several fields of metallurgy, mineral processing, material preparation, and environmental applications. Microwave heating can accelerate the reaction rates, change the morphology of minerals, and improve the recovery of valuable metals. Recent studies have shown that the use of microwave energy results in a substantial enhancement in the rate of reaction when compared to conventional thermal heating.

This Special Issue aims to cover the most recent progress on the usage of microwave energy to improve the reaction in the different fields of metallurgy, mineral processing, material preparation, and environmental applications. This includes, for example, achievements of microwave heating in the field of valuable metal recovery, microwave heating to improve the properties of minerals (i.e., magnetic and grindability), microwave heating application for waste treatment, microwave heating to accelerate the carbothermic reduction, and microwave heating to accelerate the chemical reactions. 

Dr. Mamdouh Omran
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Microwave heating
  • Microwave catalytic effect
  • Microwave improve metal recovery
  • Microwave improve waste treatment
  • Microwave improve carbothermic reduction
  • Microwave improve grinding
  • Microwave improve magnetic properties
  • Microwave improve chemical reactions

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2870 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonates by the Microwave-Assisted Biginelli Reaction
by Nóra Popovics-Tóth, Ádám Tajti, Evelyn Hümpfner and Erika Bálint
Catalysts 2021, 11(1), 45; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal11010045 - 31 Dec 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2709
Abstract
The synthesis of novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonates was elaborated by the microwave (MW)-assisted three-component Biginelli reaction of β-ketophosphonates, aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes and urea derivatives. The condensation was optimized on a selected model reaction in respect of the reaction parameters, such as the [...] Read more.
The synthesis of novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonates was elaborated by the microwave (MW)-assisted three-component Biginelli reaction of β-ketophosphonates, aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes and urea derivatives. The condensation was optimized on a selected model reaction in respect of the reaction parameters, such as the heating method, the type of the catalyst and solvent, the temperature, the reaction time and the molar ratio of the starting materials. The fast and solvent-free MW-assisted procedure was then extended for the preparation of further new 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonate derivatives starting from different aromatic aldehydes, β-ketophosphonates and urea derivatives to prove the wide scope of the process. As a novel by-product of the Biginelli-type synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-phosphonates, the 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-4-phenyl-6-styryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one was also isolated and characterized. Our MW-assisted method made also possible the condensation of aliphatic aldehydes, diethyl (2-oxopropyl)phosphonate and urea, which reaction was previously reported to be impossible in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Effect of Microwave Energy on Reaction Rate Enhancement)
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