Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.7
3.4
Journals
Coatings
Special Issues
Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions
share announcement

Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 12596

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Joerg Vetter

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Oerlikon Balzers Coating Germany GmbH, Am Boettcherberg 30-38, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
Interests: surface engineering; plasma assisted deposition; coating properties; tribology; thermochemical heat treatment; industrial application
Dr. Richard P. Welty

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Magplas Technik LLC, Boulder, CO, USA
Interests: plasma source technology; cathodic arc evaporation; ionized vapor deposition; PECVD

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to review state-of-the-art hard coatings and applications, and to provide a perspective for future surface engineering solutions involving hard coatings.  Such solutions are driven by coating design, deposition technology, and required functional properties of the coating and substrate material. Solutions may address economic requirements such as a longer lifetime for tools and precision components, sustainability, or environmental issues such as a reduction of greenhouse gases in automotive applications, or the implementation of hard coatings in renewable energy systems, e.g., fuel cell and wind power. Various other application fields are of also of interest, such as biomedical, solar, decorative, wear-protected sensor systems, and aerospace. Contributions are sought describing hard coating applications covering a wide range of coating properties and architectures, as well as those using advanced deposition technologies and processes. The main topics of the intended review are briefly listed below.

  • Development and industrial application of functional hard coatings.
  • PVD, CVD (including PECVD), and thermal-sprayed hard coatings, including DLC coatings, as well as related deposition systems, processes, and technologies.
  • Modeling of coating and substrate systems, including multilayer coatings and duplex architecture with implanted or diffused substrate layers.
  • Production technology for hard coatings and novel surface solutions.
  • Sustainability aspects of supply chains for industrial hard coating applications.

Dr. Joerg Vetter
Dr. Richard P. Welty
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hard coatings
  • surface engineering
  • PVD
  • CVD
  • PECVD
  • thermal spraying
  • industrial applications
  • sustainability

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

11 pages, 2962 KiB  
Article
Selective Metal Ion Irradiation Using Bipolar HIPIMS: A New Route to Tailor Film Nanostructure and the Resulting Mechanical Properties
by Iván Fernández-Martínez, José A. Santiago, Álvaro Mendez, Miguel Panizo-Laiz, Pablo Diaz-Rodríguez, Lucía Mendizábal, Javier Díez-Sierra, Cristina Zubizarreta, Miguel A. Monclus and Jon Molina-Aldareguia
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 191; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings12020191 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1866
Abstract
This manuscript introduces and experimentally demonstrates a novel concept of selective metal ion irradiation by combining bipolar HIPIMS with conventional DC magnetron sputtering operation and simple DC biasing. The addition of the positive pulse to a conventional HIPIMS discharge accelerates the predominantly metal [...] Read more.
This manuscript introduces and experimentally demonstrates a novel concept of selective metal ion irradiation by combining bipolar HIPIMS with conventional DC magnetron sputtering operation and simple DC biasing. The addition of the positive pulse to a conventional HIPIMS discharge accelerates the predominantly metal ions created during the negative HIPIMS phase with an energy proportional to the positive pulse amplitude and ionization state. Two distinct metal elements with large difference in atomic mass (Cr and Nb) are used on this work to irradiate a TiAlN matrix which is being deposited by conventional DCMS. The positive acceleration voltages used for both Cr and Nb discharges were varied between 0 to +200 V to analyze the influence of Nb and Cr metal ion irradiation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of TiAlN films. Even though the total metal ion incorporation into the TiAlN matrix for both Cr and Nb is less than 10% at%, strong effects are observed on the resulting film properties. It was observed that use of the lighter metal ion Cr is more beneficial than the heavier metal ion Nb. The Cr bombardment allows a hardness improvement from 7 to 22 GPa as well as a reduced film accumulated stress at the highest positive acceleration voltage. From the XRD measurements it is observed that the Cr atoms are inserted into the TiAlN cubic matrix maintaining its crystalline structure. However, the bombardment with the high-mass metal ion (Nb) promotes the deformation of the cubic TiAlN matrix, resulting in a spinodal decomposition and further degradation of the crystalline structure with the appearance of the hexagonal wurtzite-type Al-rich phase. This is also translated to the resulting film mechanical properties, as hardness rapidly decreases from 25 to 10 GPa and stress increases linearly with the positive voltage acceleration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 9280 KiB  
Article
Formation of Solid Lubricants during High Temperature Tribology of Silver-Doped Molybdenum Nitride Coatings Deposited by dcMS and HIPIMS
by Martin Fenker, Martin Balzer, Sabine Kellner, Tomas Polcar, Andreas Richter, Frank Schmidl and Tomas Vitu
Coatings 2021, 11(11), 1415; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings11111415 - 19 Nov 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2064
Abstract
The coating system MoN-Ag is an interesting candidate for industrial applications as a low friction coating at elevated temperatures, due to the formation of lubricous molybdenum oxides and silver molybdates. Film deposition was performed by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron [...] Read more.
The coating system MoN-Ag is an interesting candidate for industrial applications as a low friction coating at elevated temperatures, due to the formation of lubricous molybdenum oxides and silver molybdates. Film deposition was performed by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering and direct current magnetron sputtering. To facilitate a future transfer to industry Mo-Ag composite targets have been sputtered in Ar/N2 atmosphere. The chemical composition of the deposited MoN-Ag films has been investigated by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Morphology and crystallographic phases of the films were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. To obtain film hardness in relation to Ag content and bias voltage, the instrumented indentation test was applied. Pin-on-disc tribological tests have been performed at room temperature and at high temperature (HT, 450 °C). Samples from HT tests have been analyzed by Raman measurements to identify possible molybdenum oxide and/or silver molybdate phases. At low Ag contents (≤7 at.%), coatings with a hardness of 18–31 GPa could be deposited. Friction coefficients at HT decreased with increasing Ag content. After these tests, Raman measurements revealed the MoO3 phase on all samples and the Ag2Mo4O13 phase for the highest Ag contents (~23–26 at.%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 4090 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Coating Property and Solid Particle Erosion Resistance of AIP-Deposited TiAlN Coatings with Different Al Contents
by Kenji Yamamoto, Yuuya Tatsuhira and Yoshiro Iwai
Coatings 2021, 11(8), 992; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings11080992 - 20 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
TiAlN coatings with different Al ratios were deposited by the cathodic arc ion plating (AIP) method, and the relationship between solid particle erosion resistance and structural, mechanical properties was investigated by a micro slurry-jet erosion (MSE) test. The crystal structure of TiAlN coating [...] Read more.
TiAlN coatings with different Al ratios were deposited by the cathodic arc ion plating (AIP) method, and the relationship between solid particle erosion resistance and structural, mechanical properties was investigated by a micro slurry-jet erosion (MSE) test. The crystal structure of TiAlN coating changes depending on the Al ratio. The coating shows a B1 single cubic phase between the Al ratio of 0 and 0.58; above this ratio, formation of a B4 hexagonal phase is observed. The mechanical properties such as hardness and Young’s modulus of the TiAlN coating also depend on the Al ratio and the crystal structure. The erosion rate decreases by increasing the Al ratio up to 0.58, as the coating is a cubic single phase. The TiAlN coating shows the lowest erosion rate at an Al ratio of 0.58. The erosion rate increases drastically as the crystalline phase changes from the B1 cubic to B4 hexagonal phase at the Al ratio of more than 0.58. The change in erosion rate is also discussed in connection with mechanical properties such as erodent particle hardness to coating hardness ratio and coating hardness to Young’s modulus ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 4115 KiB  
Article
TiN/NbN Nanoscale Multilayer Coatings Deposited by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering to Protect Medical-Grade CoCrMo Alloys
by Arunprabhu Arunachalam Sugumaran, Yashodhan Purandare, Krishnanand Shukla, Imran Khan, Arutiun Ehiasarian and Papken Hovsepian
Coatings 2021, 11(7), 867; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings11070867 - 20 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3084
Abstract
This study describes the performance of nanoscale multilayer TiN/NbN coatings deposited on CoCrMo medical-grade alloys by utilising novel mixed high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) and direct current unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBM) technique in an industrial size vacuum coater. Scanning electron microscopy analysis [...] Read more.
This study describes the performance of nanoscale multilayer TiN/NbN coatings deposited on CoCrMo medical-grade alloys by utilising novel mixed high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) and direct current unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBM) technique in an industrial size vacuum coater. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that these coatings were extremely dense without any intercolumnar voids. The coating exhibited high hardness of 28 GPa, as well as low friction and wear coefficient of 0.7 and 1.4 × 10−14 m3·N−1·m−1, respectively, as compared to the bare material. Scratch tests revealed superior coating to substrate adhesion due to the HIPIMS etching prior to coating deposition. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis of the wear debris generated during the impact test together with focused ion beam cross-section analysis in different locations of the impact crater revealed the coating failure mechanism and further confirmed the excellent coating to substrate bonding strength. Potentiodynamic polarisation tests in NaCl and Hank’s solutions revealed the clear passivation behaviour, several orders of magnitude lower corrosion currents, and high pitting potentials of the coating, which guarantee excellent protection to the base alloy in such aggressive environments. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of Hank’s solution containing corrosion debris of the coated sample revealed that the leaching of harmful metal ions from the base material was reduced to below the detection limit of the technique, thus demonstrating the high barrier properties of the coating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 5076 KiB  
Article
Improving the Quality of Friction Stir Welds in Aluminium Alloys
by Arutiun Ehiasarian, Yashodhan Purandare, Arunprabhu Sugumaran, Papken Hovsepian, Peter Hatto and Jeroen De Backer
Coatings 2021, 11(5), 539; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings11050539 - 02 May 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2451
Abstract
The Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding (SS-FSW) technique benefits from reduced heat input, improved mechanical properties and surface finish of the weld, avoiding the need for post weld processing. Coatings on the tool probe and the shoulder for welding of aggressive Aluminium alloys [...] Read more.
The Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding (SS-FSW) technique benefits from reduced heat input, improved mechanical properties and surface finish of the weld, avoiding the need for post weld processing. Coatings on the tool probe and the shoulder for welding of aggressive Aluminium alloys have rarely been successful. Such coatings must be well adherent and inert. In this study, coated tools were used for SS-FSW of AA6082-T6 alloy. Performance of a nanoscale multilayer TiAlN/VN coating deposited by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HIPIMS) technology was compared with amorphous Diamond Like Carbon (a-C:H) by Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (PACVD), AlTiN deposited by arc evaporation and TiBCN along with TiB2 produced by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) methods. The TiAlN/VN coating was found to have low affinity to aluminium, acceptable coefficient of friction and provided excellent weld quality by inhibiting intermixing between the tool and workpiece materials resulting in a significant reduction in tool wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hard Coatings for Surface Engineering Solutions)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-5
Back to TopTop