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Dental Caries across the Adulthood Lifespan: Research and Clinical Practice

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A special issue of Dentistry Journal (ISSN 2304-6767). This special issue belongs to the section "Restorative Dentistry and Traumatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 17193

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Camila A. Zamperini

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Guest Editor

Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: dentistry; dental biofilm; dentin caries; dental materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is exciting and challenging how cariology has significantly evolved in the last decades. Recent research advances (including “omics” techniques) have enabled a better understanding of the complexity of dental biofilms (dental plaque) and their importance regarding balance in the etiopathology of dental caries. As result, dental caries is nowadays understood as a behavior-mediated biofilm disease. In parallel, the developments in materials and technologies (such as adhesive dentistry and digital dentistry) have also contributed to establishing the novel concepts of cariology and minimally invasive dentistry. “Personalized dental caries prevention and management”, “surgical and non-surgical management” of cavitated and non-cavitated lesions, “selective removal of caries tissues”, “motivational communication”, “biofilm modulation”, “dietary counseling”, and “interprofessional approaches” are pillars that support the most current principles of cariology. However, how to translate and implement all of those concepts into our daily clinical practice remains a challenge. Specifically, very demanding areas include the use of more accurate tools to identify specific preventive and therapeutic needs. An example would be the use of caries risk assessment systems that truly “personalize” individual’s risk and their changes or fluctuations throughout patient’s adulthood lifespan. Very importantly, personalized dental caries management in geriatric and special needs populations also deserve further attention. In the research field, very little is known about the interaction of cariogenic biofilms with the organic components of dental tissues, or about the role of the immune system in dental caries progression. Although significant advances have been made, we still have challenges to overcome from both research and clinical perspectives. We would like to invite you to contribute to this topic by submitting your original in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research studies, letters, or critical/narrative reviews. Our hope is that this Special Issue will support us in implementing evidence-based changes into our daily clinical practice as well as introducing us to new caries-related research strategies and possibilities.

Dr. Camila A. Zamperini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Dentistry Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

dental caries
root caries
biofilms
saliva
cariogenic diets
tooth remineralization
fluorides
cariostatic agents
dental materials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1790 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antibacterial Activities of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Salvadora persica against Streptococcus mutans Biofilms: An In Vitro Study

by Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Lamia Mokeem, Mary Anne S. Melo and Richard L. Gregory

Dent. J. 2021, 9(12), 143; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9120143 - 01 Dec 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3305

Abstract

The use of herbal products in oral hygiene care has a long history, and their use is popular today. A tree stick, named Salvadora persica (S. persica), is commonly used to remove dental plaque and clean teeth in many countries. In addition, extracts of S. persica can be used as a mouthwash, as they demonstrate antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of S. persica methanol and aqueous extracts against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm. A S. mutans biofilm formation assay was conducted using different concentrations of S. persica methanol or water extracts in tryptic soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% sucrose. The biofilm was stained with crystal violet dye, and the absorbance was assessed to examine biofilm formation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used to analyze the results. The S. persica methanol extract displayed a significant inhibition (p ≤ 0.001) against the S. mutans biofilm. The 10 mg/mL concentration of the S. persica methanol extract was determined as the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC). The used methanol concentration, mixed with TSB supplemented with 1% sucrose and without the S. persica extract, did not inhibit the S. mutans biofilm. The S. persica aqueous extract did not demonstrate any biofilm inhibition at any concentration (p ≥ 0.05). The findings of this study suggest the potential of using S. persica methanol extract as a mouthwash or adjunctive to oral hygiene tools. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Caries across the Adulthood Lifespan: Research and Clinical Practice)

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9 pages, 5082 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Turmeric Concentrations on the Rate of Growth of Oral Bacteria—An In-Vitro Study

by Yun Xuan Yang, Vicky Wu, Hadi Malak, Aliya Peer Ahamed, Aaron Lo, Yannis Abraham and Catherine Miller

Dent. J. 2021, 9(3), 26; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9030026 - 01 Mar 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3839

Abstract

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of a turmeric solution on the growth rates of oral bacteria sampled from dental students. Methods: Bacterial cultures were grown overnight in aerobic conditions from plaque samples obtained from five test subjects. With the exception of the control, samples were exposed to different treatments; including chlorhexidine gluconate 2 mg/mL, prepared turmeric solution (TS) mouthwash: TS 0.25 mL (7.375 mg/mL), TS 0.5 mL (14.75 mg/mL), and TS 1 mL (29.50 mg/mL). Growth rate of the bacterial cultures were assessed by monitoring changes in optical density readings at 600 nm at hourly intervals for a six-hour period. The data were plotted and the exponential trend was used to calculate individual rates of growth. Data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with the significance confirmed using the Tukey-HSD test. Results: Growth observed in the bacteria exposed to the turmeric solution, was significantly greater (p < 0.05) when compared with the bacteria exposed to the medium alone. There was a significant difference found between the bacterial growth rate of the 1 mL turmeric solution against the growth rate of the bacteria in the 0.25 and 0.5 mL turmeric solutions. Conclusion: Comparison of growth rates of oral bacteria suggested that turmeric solutions of concentrations between 7.357 and 29.5 mg/mL (0.25–1 mL) were unlikely to exhibit bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties, and, conversely, increased bacterial growth. Considering this result, it is unlikely that turmeric mouthwash made from store-bought turmeric would have any antibacterial effects against oral bacteria, and may even promote bacterial growth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Caries across the Adulthood Lifespan: Research and Clinical Practice)

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Review

Jump to: Research

10 pages, 691 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nonrestorative Management of Dental Caries

by Ollie Yiru Yu, Walter Yu-Hang Lam, Amy Wai-Yee Wong, Duangporn Duangthip and Chun-Hung Chu

Dent. J. 2021, 9(10), 121; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9100121 - 18 Oct 2021

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 9261

Abstract

The World Dental Federation (FDI) policy statement in 2016 advocated evidence-based caries-control measures for managing dental caries. The caries management philosophy has shifted from the traditional surgical manners to minimal intervention dentistry. Minimal intervention dentistry aims to extend the longevity of natural teeth. It places the nonrestorative approaches as a priority. The nonrestorative approaches for caries management aim to tackle the etiological factors of dental caries. Caries can be prevented or reversed by restricting the sugar intake and its frequency in the diet, improving oral hygiene practices, and using fluoride toothpaste. This article aims to present strategies for the nonrestorative management of dental caries, which are divided into four components to address the different etiological factors of dental caries. The first component is controlling dental plaque. Strategies for plaque control include oral hygiene instruction, motivational interviewing, mechanical plaque control, and chemical plaque control. The second component for nonrestorative management is reducing the risk of caries by identifying caries risk factors and protective factors, assessing personal caries risk, and customizing a treatment plan. Evidence-based measures for caries prevention include using fluoride, and dental sealants should be provided. The third component includes topical treatment to remineralise early carious lesions. The last component is long-term follow-up. Appropriate strategy adoption for the nonrestorative management of dental caries prolongs the life span of the teeth and sustains the good oral health of patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Caries across the Adulthood Lifespan: Research and Clinical Practice)

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