Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications

A special issue of Dentistry Journal (ISSN 2304-6767). This special issue belongs to the section "Dental Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 22309

Special Issue Editor

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Via del Ponte di Mezzo, 48-50127 Firenze, Italy
Interests: dental materials; restorative dentistry; clinical studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of dental materials is in constant and progressive development, and the consequences in the clinical setting are significant. Over the last few years, innovations have been introduced in every dental area and specialty, and this has profoundly changed workflows and provided new therapeutic options to offer to patients. For this reason, today it is extremely important to keep up to date, both on the development of materials and on the news regarding application techniques.

The purpose of this issue is to welcome your valuable contribution on the topic "Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications"; laboratory tests, literature reviews, new clinical application techniques and clinical cases that can be stimulating and inspiring for readers are welcome.

I hope you accept this invitation. I wish you all the best in your research and look forward to your potential contribution.

Prof. Dr. Luca Giachetti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Dentistry Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Restorative dentistry
  • Endodontics
  • Dental ceramics
  • Dental composites
  • Dental adhesives
  • Esthetic dentistry
  • Cosmetic dentistry
  • Dental materials.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2969 KiB  
Article
Intrasulcular Restorations of Anterior Teeth According to the BAIR Technique: Evaluation of Periodontal Parameters
by Luca Giachetti, Francesca Cinelli and Michele Nieri
Dent. J. 2022, 10(3), 37; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj10030037 - 02 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2810
Abstract
Some clinical situations, such as the closure of pronounced diastemas, and the transformation of malformed, small, or peg-shaped teeth, require a rebalancing of dental proportions accompanied by a modification of the gingival contour. A traditional treatment plan can include surgical, prosthetic, and/or orthodontic [...] Read more.
Some clinical situations, such as the closure of pronounced diastemas, and the transformation of malformed, small, or peg-shaped teeth, require a rebalancing of dental proportions accompanied by a modification of the gingival contour. A traditional treatment plan can include surgical, prosthetic, and/or orthodontic treatments. In some cases, it can be considered too invasive, and not all patients are willing to undertake long therapies. To overcome these limitations, a possible solution could be the application of the Biologically Active Intrasulcular Restoration (BAIR) technique, which allows us to modify the natural emergence tooth profile using simple intrasulcular direct restorations. The aims of this paper are to investigate possible effects on gingival health, and to assess the patient satisfaction about the aesthetic intervention performed. Periodontal data were collected, and patient satisfaction was registered using the VAS questionnaire. All sites healed without complications, no adverse events were registered or reported by the patients, and no signs of periodontal morbidity were visible. The results show that the patients evaluated the final aesthetics in a positive way, and they perceived a good condition of periodontal health as well. The intervention is felt as almost painless, and patients do not report significant post-operative distress. In conclusion, the BAIR technique can provide a valid therapeutic alternative for patients for whom traditional treatments are not indicated. It is a minimally invasive intervention where both the operating times and the biologic and economic costs are reduced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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11 pages, 2867 KiB  
Article
Micro versus Macro Shear Bond Strength Testing of Dentin-Composite Interface Using Chisel and Wireloop Loading Techniques
by Ahmed M. Ismail, Christoph Bourauel, Ahmed ElBanna and Tarek Salah Eldin
Dent. J. 2021, 9(12), 140; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9120140 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3461
Abstract
Shear bond strength (SBS) testing is a commonly used method for evaluating different dental adhesive systems. Failure mode analysis provides valuable information for better interpretation of bond strength results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of specimen dimension and [...] Read more.
Shear bond strength (SBS) testing is a commonly used method for evaluating different dental adhesive systems. Failure mode analysis provides valuable information for better interpretation of bond strength results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of specimen dimension and loading technique on shear bond strength and failure mode results. Eighty macro and micro flowable composite cylindrical specimens of 1.8 and 0.8 mm diameter, respectively, and 1.5 mm length were bonded to dentinal substrate. Four study groups were created (n = 20): Macroshear wireloop, Gp1; Microshear wireloop, Gp2; Macroshear chisel, Gp3; and Microshear chisel, Gp4. They were tested for SBS using chisel and wireloop loading devices followed by failure mode analysis using digital microscopy and SEM. Two- and one-way ANOVA were used to compare stress at failure values of different groups while the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare between failure modes of the tested groups. Gp4 recorded the highest mean stress at failure 54.1 ± 14.1 MPa, and the highest percentage of adhesive failure in relation to the other groups. Specimen dimension and loading technique are important parameters influencing the results of shear bond strength. Micro-sized specimens and chisel loading are recommended for shear testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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15 pages, 2851 KiB  
Article
Novel Histomorphometrical Approach to Evaluate the Integration Pattern and Functionality of Barrier Membranes
by Nicola Ottenbacher, Said Alkildani, Tadas Korzinskas, Jens Pissarek, Christian Ulm, Ole Jung, Bernd Sundag, Olaf Bellmann, Sanja Stojanovic, Stevo Najman, Werner Zechner and Mike Barbeck
Dent. J. 2021, 9(11), 127; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9110127 - 25 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2950
Abstract
GBR (guided bone regeneration) is a standard procedure for building up bony defects in the jaw. In this procedure, resorbable membranes made of bovine and porcine collagen are increasingly being used, which, in addition to many possible advantages, could have the potential disadvantage [...] Read more.
GBR (guided bone regeneration) is a standard procedure for building up bony defects in the jaw. In this procedure, resorbable membranes made of bovine and porcine collagen are increasingly being used, which, in addition to many possible advantages, could have the potential disadvantage of a shorter barrier functionality, especially when augmenting large-volume defects. Thus, it is of importance to evaluate the integration behavior and especially the standing time of barrier membranes using specialized methods to predict its respective biocompatibility. This study is intended to establish a new histomorphometrical analysis method to quantify the integration rate of collagen-based barrier membranes. Three commercially available barrier membranes, i.e., non-crosslinked membranes (BioGide® and Jason® membrane), a ribose-crosslinked membrane (Ossix® Plus), and a newly developed collagen–hyaluronic acid-based (Coll-HA) barrier membrane were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of 48 6–8-week-old Wistar rats. The explants, after three timepoints (10, 30, and 60 days), were processed and prepared into histological sections for histopathological (host tissue response) and histomorphometrical (cellular invasion) analyses. 10 days after implantation, fragmentation was not evident in any of the study groups. The sections of the Coll-HA, Jason® and BioGide® membranes showed a similar mild inflammatory reaction within the surrounding tissue and an initial superficial cell immigration. Only in the Ossix® Plus group very little inflammation and no cell invasion was detected. While the results of the three commercially available membranes remained intact in the further course of the study, only fragments of the Coll-HA membrane were found 30 and 60 days after implantation. Histomorphometrically, it can be described that although initially (at 10 days post-implantation) similar results were found in all study groups, after 30 days post-implantation the cellular penetration depth of the hyaluronic acid-collagen membrane was significantly increased with time (**** p < 0.0001). Similarly, the percentage of cellular invasion per membrane thickness was also significantly higher in the Coll-HA group at all timepoints, compared to the other membranes (**** p < 0.0001). Altogether, these results show that the histomorphometrical analysis of the cellular migration can act as an indicator of integration and duration of barrier functionality. Via this approach, it was possible to semi-quantify the different levels of cellular penetration of GBR membranes that were only qualitatively analyzed through histopathological approaches before. Additionally, the results of the histopathological and histomorphometrical analyses revealed that hyaluronic acid addition to collagen does not lead to a prolonged standing time, but an increased integration of a collagen-based biomaterial. Therefore, it can only partially be used in the dental field for indications that require fast resorbed membranes and a fast cell or tissue influx such as periodontal regeneration processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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Review

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17 pages, 4886 KiB  
Review
Influence of Methodological Variables on Fracture Strength Tests Results of Premolars with Different Number of Residual Walls. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
by Carlo Gaeta, Crystal Marruganti, Emanuele Mignosa, Giovanni Franciosi, Edoardo Ferrari and Simone Grandini
Dent. J. 2021, 9(12), 146; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9120146 - 02 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2116
Abstract
The aim of the current meta-analysis was to assess the impact of methodological variables in performing fracture strength tests of upper premolars. Medline (Pubmed), Embase and Google Scholar were screened for studies performing ex vivo fracture strength tests of intact upper premolars or [...] Read more.
The aim of the current meta-analysis was to assess the impact of methodological variables in performing fracture strength tests of upper premolars. Medline (Pubmed), Embase and Google Scholar were screened for studies performing ex vivo fracture strength tests of intact upper premolars or premolars with 0, 1 or 2 walls lost. The outcome variable for each study was the maximum breaking load expressed in Newton (kg × m/s2). Methodological variables (i.e., simulation of the periodontal ligament, load inclination, tip position, tip diameter and thermocycling) were registered to perform subgroup analyses and meta-regression. Overall, 25 studies and 78 study groups were included in the meta-analysis. Intact premolars (17 study groups) were not significantly influenced by any of the methodological variables considered. Subgroup analysis for load inclination (30°/45° vs. 90°/150°) was significant for premolars with 0 (10 study groups), 1 (6 study groups) and 2 (45 study groups) walls lost; thermocycling was significant for premolars with 1 and 2 walls lost. A strong methodological heterogeneity across studies evaluating the fracture strength of upper premolars was highlighted, especially when 0, 1 or 2 walls were lost. Further studies are needed to standardize the methodology used in order to allow for across-studies comparisons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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17 pages, 1466 KiB  
Review
Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Hybrid and Nano-Filling Composite Resins: A Systematic Review
by Robinson Jaramillo-Cartagena, Eider J. López-Galeano, Federico Latorre-Correa and Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez
Dent. J. 2021, 9(8), 95; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj9080095 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4260
Abstract
Background: The polishing of surface roughness is an important characteristic of composite resins and is directly related to the longevity of the restoration and patient comfort. Different polishing systems utilize different protocols, as reported in the literature. This systematic review (SR) aimed to [...] Read more.
Background: The polishing of surface roughness is an important characteristic of composite resins and is directly related to the longevity of the restoration and patient comfort. Different polishing systems utilize different protocols, as reported in the literature. This systematic review (SR) aimed to synthesize and analyze the available scientific evidence about the effect of polishing systems on the surface roughness of nano-hybrid and nano-filling composite resins. Methods: The study protocol of this SR was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews -PROSPERO- (CRD4201705653). A search was conducted in PubMed-Medline, Scopus, LILACS, EMBASE, for the period 2007–2020. Quality appraisal and a descriptive analysis of the papers that met the inclusion criteria were conducted. Results: 18 records were included. Seven polishing systems (PS) of one step were found, seven PS of two steps, eight PS of three steps, three PS of four steps, and four PS of five steps. Polishing protocols (PP) varied, with application times ranging from 10 s to 60 s with speeds between 10,000 and 30,000 RPM. Regarding composition, the aluminum oxide was one of the most important components used to achieve a smooth surface. Conclusions: Multistep polishing systems were the most effective (i.e., Astropol and Sof-Lex Discs). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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Other

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22 pages, 377079 KiB  
Case Report
Rehabilitation of Worn Dentition with Direct Resin Composite Restorations: A Case Report
by Marta Blasi Beriain, Giovanni Tommaso Rocca, Leonardo Franchini, Didier Dietschi and Carlo Massimo Saratti
Dent. J. 2022, 10(4), 51; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/dj10040051 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5829
Abstract
The incidence of tooth wear has steadily increased in all Western populations during the past decades. A through-care strategy, extendable for a lifetime, has become crucial to prevent the extensive loss of sound dental structure and to make an eventual retreatment affordable in [...] Read more.
The incidence of tooth wear has steadily increased in all Western populations during the past decades. A through-care strategy, extendable for a lifetime, has become crucial to prevent the extensive loss of sound dental structure and to make an eventual retreatment affordable in the long term. An interceptive treatment using resin composite materials and no-preparation approaches meets these requirements. Moreover, continual developments in digital dentistry makes possible to predict the treatment plan for the restorative rehabilitation of the mouth. The availability of digital resources allows clinicians to increase predictability for excellent esthetics and good functional results. This article provides a step-by-step description of a full-mouth additive rehabilitation achieved by employing digital workflows and direct resin composite restorations. A comprehensive functional and esthetic evaluation of the treatment is proposed and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Materials and Their Clinical Applications)
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