Diagnosis and Management of Hepatitis

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 1920

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
2. School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
Interests: hepatitis; diagnosis; SQSTM1; autophagy; subsites; tumorigenesis; prognosis; oral cancer; ATG4B; colorectal cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic hepatitis virus infection is a major global health problem and cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. After the introduction of direct acting antivirals (DAA), chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can be cured in around 98–99% of patients. Universal eradication of HCV is the goal of Hepatologists worldwide. To date, only nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. NA inhibits  polymerase of HBV and can effectively suppress HBV DNA but has little effect on the synthesis of cccDNA. Once NA treatment is stopped, relapse of HBV is universal. Cure of HBV remains a clinical challenge. The clinical benefits of different NAs in treating chronic HBV infection remain controversial. The diagnosis of chronic viral infection requires the identification of viral genomes in molecular studies. Different forms of viral genomes or antigens may be associated with the outcome of chronic hepatitis. Submissions regarding the diagnosis and management of hepatitis are welcome for this Special Issue.

Dr. Weilun Tsai
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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7 pages, 790 KiB  
Case Report
Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation upon Immunosuppression: Is There a Role for Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen in Patients with Immune-Escape Mutants? A Case Report
by Gian Paolo Caviglia, Antonella Zorzi, Mario Rizzetto, Massimo Mirandola, Antonella Olivero and Giada Carolo
Diagnostics 2021, 11(12), 2185; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11122185 - 24 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1533
Abstract
The reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBVr) in patients undergoing pharmacological immunosuppression is a potentially fatal clinical event that may occur in patients with overt or occult HBV infection. The risk of HBVr is mainly determined by the type of immunosuppressive therapy and [...] Read more.
The reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBVr) in patients undergoing pharmacological immunosuppression is a potentially fatal clinical event that may occur in patients with overt or occult HBV infection. The risk of HBVr is mainly determined by the type of immunosuppressive therapy and the HBV serologic profile, with a higher risk in patients positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and a lower risk in HBsAg-negative/antibodies to core antigen-positive subjects. Notably, a considerable proportion of patients experiencing HBVr showed a high degree of variability of the HBV S gene, possibly leading to immune escape mutants. These mutations, usually in the “a-determinant” of the HBsAg, can cause diagnostic problems and consequently hamper the appropriate management strategy of patients at risk of HBVr. Here, we describe a case of HBVr in a patient with a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia and a previous history of kidney transplant, providing evidence of the potential usefulness of hepatitis B core-related antigen measurement in patients with HBV immune-escape mutants at risk of viral reactivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Hepatitis)
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