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Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases

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A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 13360

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Natalia D. Gladkova

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Guest Editor

Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
Interests: development of optical coherence tomography; the interaction of optical radiation with biological tissues; application of optical coherence tomography in clinical medicine; morphology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With rapid progress in the development of optical diagnostic methods, there is a need to expand our knowledge on novel technical approaches to data obtaining and processing, the possibilities of using these methods for the diagnosis of various diseases, and other relevant issues.
Diagnostics will publish a uniquely themed Special Issue, “Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases”. The journal’s Editorial Board invites submissions on the following topics:

Various systems and probes of optical coherence tomography (OCT), adapted for obtaining intravital, endoscopic, and intraoperative images of organs and tissues of the human body;
Different modalities of OCT (structural, polarization-sensitive, microangiography, microlymphoangiography, elastography images) and their ability to diagnose the structure and functional state of normal and pathological human tissues;
Various modalities of OCT for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment of oncological diseases (search for a clear resection margin during tumor surgery; photodynamic, laser, radiation, and chemotherapy of tumors) and diseases of a different nature (inflammatory, ischemic, and dystrophic conditions of tissues available for intravital OCT research);
Quantitative (numerical) processing of various types of OCT images that improve contrast and provide high diagnostic accuracy in identifying important pathological conditions;
Machine learning for improving OCT diagnostic ability.

Prof. Dr. Natalia D. Gladkova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Multimodal optical coherence tomography
Oncological, inflammatory, ischemic, and dystrophic diseases and their diagnosis and treatment monitoring
Machine learning

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1868 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dome-Shaped Macula versus Ridge-Shaped Macula Eyes in High Myopia Based on the 12-line Radial Optical Coherence Tomography Scan Pattern. Differences in Clinical Features

by María García-Zamora, Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, Rocío Vega-González, Mariluz Puertas, Elena Almazán-Alonso, Lucía González-Buendía and José M. Ruiz-Moreno

Diagnostics 2021, 11(10), 1864; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11101864 - 11 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2399

Abstract

Purpose: To study clinical features in patients with ridge-shaped macula (RSM) compared with those with dome-shaped macula (DSM) having been previously classified by the number of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) radial scans affected. Methods: Retrospective observational study including 49 highly myopic eyes from 31 patients who underwent SS-OCT. DSM eyes were defined as those that showed a complete round inward convexity in all their axes, presenting an inward convexity ≥50 µm in the 12-line radial OCT scans. Eyes that did not meet this criterion and had at least one flat radial scan were grouped into the RSM group, defined as a macular inward convexity in some meridians across the fovea, whereas the opposite perpendicularly oriented meridians were flat. Age, spherical equivalent, axial length (AL), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were collected. Height of the bulge, scleral and choroidal thicknesses, Bruch´s membrane defects, and presence of perforating scleral vessels were recorded. Results: Thirty-seven (75.5%) eyes were classified into the RSM group and 12 (24.5%) into the DSM group. Twenty-six (53.0%) eyes showed macular elevation only in the horizontal direction. Mean AL showed statistically significant differences (28.8 ± 2.7 vs. 30.5 ± 1.5 mm in the RMS vs. DSM group, respectively) and the presence of Bruch´s membrane defects was more frequently seen in DSM (p < 0.001). Mean age, spherical equivalent, BCVA, height of the inward convexity, retinal foveal thickness, foveal scleral thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and the presence of perforating scleral vessels did not show significant differences between groups. Conclusion: This study shows the reliability of using the 12 equal radial OCT scans as an objective method to define and differentiate DSM versus RSM. Patients with RSM showed differences in AL compared with those with DSM, being longer in DSM, and regarding the presence of Bruch´s membrane defects, being more common in DSM. This may contribute to identifying those patients that, in daily clinical practice, have a higher risk of developing complications due to their myopia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases)

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12 pages, 2499 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Late Changes in the Extracellular Matrix of the Bladder after Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Tumors

by Olga Streltsova, Elena Kiseleva, Varvara Dudenkova, Ekaterina Sergeeva, Ekaterina Tararova, Marina Kochueva, Svetlana Kotova, Victoriya Timofeeva, Katerina Yunusova, Anna Bavrina, Peter Timashev, Anna Solovieva and Anna Maslennikova

Diagnostics 2021, 11(9), 1615; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11091615 - 04 Sep 2021

Viewed by 1863

Abstract

Radiation therapy is one of the cardinal approaches in the treatment of malignant tumors of the pelvis. It leads to the development of radiation-induced complications in the normal tissues. Thus, the evaluation of radiation-induced changes in the extracellular matrix of the normal tissue is deemed urgent, since connective tissue stroma degradation plays a crucial role in the development of Grade 3–4 adverse effects (hemorrhage, necrosis, and fistula). Such adverse effects not only drastically reduce the patients’ quality of life but can also become life-threatening. The aim of this study is to quantitatively analyze the bladder collagen state in patients who underwent radiation therapy for cervical and endometrial cancer and in patients with chronic bacterial cystitis and compare them to the normal bladder extracellular matrix. Materials and methods: One hundred and five patients with Grade 2–4 of radiation cystitis, 67 patients with bacterial chronic cystitis, and 20 volunteers without bladder pathology were enrolled. Collagen changes were evaluated depending on its hierarchical level: fibrils and fibers level by atomic force microscopy; fibers and bundles level by two-photon microscopy in the second harmonic generation (SHG) mode; general collagen architectonics by cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT). Results: The main sign of the radiation-induced damage of collagen fibrils and fibers was the loss of the ordered “basket-weave” packing and a significant increase in the total area of ruptures deeper than 1 µm compared to the intact sample. The numerical analysis of SHG images detected that a decrease in the SHG signal intensity of collagen is correlated with the increase in the grade of radiation cystitis. The OCT signal brightness in cross-polarization images demonstrated a gradual decrease compared to the intact bladder depending on the grade of the adverse event. Conclusions: The observed correspondence between the extracellular matrix changes at the microscopic level and at the level of the general organ architectonics allows for the consideration of CP OCT as a method of “optical biopsy” in the grading of radiation-induced collagen damage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases)

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14 pages, 1674 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microperimetry-Assessed Functional Alterations and OCT-Changes in Patients after Retinal Detachment Surgery Using Pars Plana Vitrectomy and SF6 Tamponade

by María D. Díaz-Barreda, Isabel Bartolomé-Sesé, Ana Boned-Murillo, Antonio Ferreras, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Francisco J. Ascaso and Isabel Pinilla

Diagnostics 2021, 11(7), 1157; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11071157 - 24 Jun 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2133

Abstract

Background: We study the retinal function measured by macular integrity assessment microperimetry (MAIA) and structural changes assessed by scanning swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) between healthy individuals and patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods: Cross-sectional study. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grids were measured by SS-OCT and compared with the MAIA parameters. Results: Thirty-eight eyes with RRD (19 macula-on and 19 macula-off) were compared with 113 healthy eyes. The retinal sensitivity and average total threshold were reduced in all sectors in the RRD group; macular integrity index was increased. Macular thicknesses in total retina and ganglion cell layer (GCL)++ protocols were higher in the RRD group in nasal outer (NO) and central (C) sectors and only in C sector for GCL+ protocol. Thicknesses were lower in total retina, GCL++ protocols in the temporal outer (TO) sector and in the GCL+ protocol in NO sector. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) correlated moderately with retinal sensitivity in all sectors and in just several sectors with time between the date of surgery and the test. The central nasal (CN) sector thickness and the average total threshold were higher in the macula-on subgroup. Conclusions: RRD and subsequent surgery results in functional and structural changes, especially in individuals with macular detachment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases)

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23 pages, 14845 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prospects of Intraoperative Multimodal OCT Application in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

by Elena Kiseleva, Maxim Ryabkov, Mikhail Baleev, Evgeniya Bederina, Pavel Shilyagin, Alexander Moiseev, Vladimir Beschastnov, Ivan Romanov, Grigory Gelikonov and Natalia Gladkova

Diagnostics 2021, 11(4), 705; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics11040705 - 15 Apr 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3168

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the introduction of increasingly multifaceted diagnostic techniques and the general advances in emergency abdominal and vascular surgery, the outcome of treatment of patients with acute impaired intestinal circulation remains unsatisfactory. The non-invasive and high-resolution technique of optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used intraoperatively to assess intestine viability and associated conditions that frequently emerge under conditions of impaired blood circulation. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of multimodal (MM) OCT for intraoperative diagnostics of both the microstructure (cross—polarization OCT mode) and microcirculation (OCT angiography mode) of the small intestine wall in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). Methods and Participants: A total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study. Nine of them suffered from AMI in segments II-III of the superior mesenteric artery (AMI group), whereby the ischemic segments of the intestine were examined. Nine others were operated on for adenocarcinoma of the colon (control group), thus allowing areas of their normal small intestine to be examined for comparison. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation in the walls of the small intestine were obtained intraoperatively from the side of the serous membrane using the MM OCT system (IAP RAS, Russia) before bowel resection. The MM OCT data were compared with the results of histological examination. Results: The study finds that MM OCT visualized the damage to serosa, muscularis externa, and blood vessels localized in these layers in 100% of AMI cases. It also visualized the submucosa in 33.3% of AMI cases. The MM OCT images of non-ischemic (control group), viable ischemic, and necrotic small intestines (AMI group) differed significantly across stratification of the distinguishable layers, the severity of intermuscular fluid accumulations, and the type and density of the vasculature. Conclusion: The MM OCT diagnostic procedure optimally meets the requirements of emergency surgery. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation of the intestinal wall can be obtained simultaneously in real time without requiring contrast agent injections. The depth of visualization of the intestinal wall from the side of the serous membrane is sufficient to assess the volume of the affected tissues. However, the methodology for obtaining MM OCT data needs to be improved to minimize the motion artefacts generated in actual clinical conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases)

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Review

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21 pages, 9203 KiB

Open AccessReview

OCT-Guided Surgery for Gliomas: Current Concept and Future Perspectives

by Konstantin Yashin, Matteo Mario Bonsanto, Ksenia Achkasova, Anna Zolotova, Al-Madhaji Wael, Elena Kiseleva, Alexander Moiseev, Igor Medyanik, Leonid Kravets, Robert Huber, Ralf Brinkmann and Natalia Gladkova

Diagnostics 2022, 12(2), 335; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/diagnostics12020335 - 28 Jan 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2844

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been recently suggested as a promising method to obtain in vivo and real-time high-resolution images of tissue structure in brain tumor surgery. This review focuses on the basics of OCT imaging, types of OCT images and currently suggested OCT scanner devices and the results of their application in neurosurgery. OCT can assist in achieving intraoperative precision identification of tumor infiltration within surrounding brain parenchyma by using qualitative or quantitative OCT image analysis of scanned tissue. OCT is able to identify tumorous tissue and blood vessels detection during stereotactic biopsy procedures. The combination of OCT with traditional imaging such as MRI, ultrasound and 5-ALA fluorescence has the potential to increase the safety and accuracy of the resection. OCT can improve the extent of resection by offering the direct visualization of tumor with cellular resolution when using microscopic OCT contact probes. The theranostic implementation of OCT as a part of intelligent optical diagnosis and automated lesion localization and ablation could achieve high precision, automation and intelligence in brain tumor surgery. We present this review for the increase of knowledge and formation of critical opinion in the field of OCT implementation in brain tumor surgery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Human Diseases)

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