Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Freshwater Biodiversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 13423

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
Interests: Cladocera; Copepoda; ecology; taxonomy; phyto–zooplankton relationships
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Guest Editor
Centro del Agua y Desarrollo Sustentable, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil 09-01-5863, Ecuador
Interests: Cladocera; Copepoda; Rotifera; ecology; taxonomy; trophic interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquatic ecosystems support a substantial source of the earth’s biological diversity. Biodiversity is the key indicator of the health of an ecosystem because a wide variety of species will cope better with threats than a limited number of them in large populations. Nowadays, biodiversity loss is increasing in freshwater ecosystems due to eutrophication, pollution, habitat loss, invasion of alien species, and climate change. Zooplankton communities respond to environmental changes and environmental deterioration usually resulted in the elimination of rare and stenotobiotic species with high environmental requirements.

Lake ecosystems contain numerous habitats, such as the relatively homogeneous pelagial zone, as well as many different subhabitats in the littoral zone (psammon, pelon, epiphyton, epiliton, epixylon, etc.) or sediments anwhich were often overlooked. Most studies on the large-scale geographic distribution of zooplankton mainly focus on the pelagic zones of lakes. However, only through a comprehensive approach to many other habitats, we can estimate the true species richness in a lake.

The Guest Editors will promote comprehensive research from different lake subhabitats, and habitats in rarely studied ecosystems. On the other hand, the biodiversity of zooplankton may be discussed  at several levels: molecules, populations, species, communities, ecosystems. Papers with macroecological approach to zooplankton diversity will be appreciated.

Dr. Maciej Karpowicz
Prof. Dr. Carlos López
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • subhabitats
  • zooplankton
  • lakes
  • biodiversity
  • native, invasive and alien species
  • macroecology

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 3782 KiB  
Article
Rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta) Associated with Littoral Macrophyte Habitats in Flooded Neotropical Ponds: A Qualitative Study
by María José Pardo, Joxmer Scott-Frías, Luz Marina Soto, Georgia Stamou, Evangelia Michaloudi, Rubén Torres, Ernesto González and Carlos López
Diversity 2023, 15(5), 590; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d15050590 - 24 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1451
Abstract
Rotifers represent an important component of freshwater zooplankton. The high richness of taxa, particularly in littoral macrophyte zones of water bodies in tropical and subtropical flood-prone areas, is a repeatedly reported fact. However, studies on the composition of periphytic rotifers in the Neotropics [...] Read more.
Rotifers represent an important component of freshwater zooplankton. The high richness of taxa, particularly in littoral macrophyte zones of water bodies in tropical and subtropical flood-prone areas, is a repeatedly reported fact. However, studies on the composition of periphytic rotifers in the Neotropics are reduced and almost non-existent in some regions. A qualitative study on rotifers (Monogononta) associated with littoral aquatic vegetation and their seasonal variation was carried out in three flood-prone ponds in the “Esteros de Camaguán Fauna Reserve” in the Venezuelan plains. For the selection of the collection sites, the two-stage stratified method with proportional affixation was used. Samples of macrophytes and the water associated with them were taken in littoral zones. The percentages of occurrence and numerical frequency were calculated for each rotifer taxa. The faunal similarities and correlations within and between ponds in the same and different climatic seasons were estimated using the Jaccard and Spearman coefficients (α = 0.05), respectively. In total, 102 rotifer taxa associated with 11 species of aquatic macrophytes were identified. The genus Taphrocampa with two taxa plus ten other taxa, are new records for Venezuela and one of them for South America. The taxocenosis and the geographic distribution of the reported taxa reflect a typical composition of the littoral zones of tropical regions. The total richness of both planktonic associated with aquatic vegetation and periphytic assemblages were similar. The highest richness of rotifer taxa coincided with the rainy season and the lowest with the early rainy season. The rotifer fauna presented low similarity values within and between ponds according to seasonality and, with some exceptions, between planktonic and periphytic environments. The importance of sampling periphytic rotifers and the influence of the flood cycle, and the degree of macrophyte development in the structuring of periphytic rotifer communities, were confirmed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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13 pages, 3649 KiB  
Article
Microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) of the Boreal/Tropical Transition Zone in the Russian Far East: A Case Study of Species Associations in Three Large Lakes
by Elena S. Chertoptud, Dmitry G. Seleznev, Petr G. Garibian and Alexey A. Kotov
Diversity 2023, 15(3), 338; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d15030338 - 27 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1269
Abstract
The Far East of Russia is a region where boreal and tropical faunas mix; it is also a zone of cladoceran endemism. The present study aimed to compare a set of microcrustacean (Cladocera and Copepoda) associations in three large lakes of the Russian [...] Read more.
The Far East of Russia is a region where boreal and tropical faunas mix; it is also a zone of cladoceran endemism. The present study aimed to compare a set of microcrustacean (Cladocera and Copepoda) associations in three large lakes of the Russian Far East: Khanka, Bolon, and Chukchagir. The associations of the microcrustaceans were identified based on the function of the discrete hypergeometric distribution. Many of the 108 taxa found here were unaffiliated with an association. Interestingly, the portion of taxa involved and “not involved” in species associations differed among geographic faunistic complexes. The rate of endemism was significantly higher among the taxa incorporated into the associations as compared to the “not involved” taxa. In all the lakes, there were large clusters of phytophilous species characteristic of the macrophyte zone (and its margins) and clusters characteristic of pelagic and sublittoral plankton. We found that in the three lakes, the microcrustaceans formed a set of functionally similar associations, but the taxonomic composition of each functional association was specific to each lake. We hypothesize that the composition of functional clusters reflects the history of colonization for each water body. That is, the founder effects and subsequent “monopolization” of habitats have affected species associations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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18 pages, 4696 KiB  
Article
Pelagial Zooplankton Community in a Newly Established Reservoir during and after the Impoundment of a Hydropower Dam
by Georgia Stamou, Matina Katsiapi, Maria Demertzioglou, Dimitra Voutsa, Argyri Kozari, Ioanna Pantelaki, Maria Moustaka-Gouni and Evangelia Michaloudi
Diversity 2023, 15(2), 257; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d15020257 - 12 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1358
Abstract
The global increase in energy demand has triggered a global boom in the construction of hydropower dams worldwide affecting biological communities. Our objective is to study the zooplankton (Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda) community structure during and after the impoundment of a newly constructed [...] Read more.
The global increase in energy demand has triggered a global boom in the construction of hydropower dams worldwide affecting biological communities. Our objective is to study the zooplankton (Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda) community structure during and after the impoundment of a newly constructed reservoir, to provide valuable knowledge on species diversity, community structure and dynamics to be considered in future management plans. The impoundment period was characterized by increased species richness with high turnover because of the zooplankton’s high dispersal ability and reflected the inoculation of the reservoir with local fauna. Zooplankton during this period were also correlated negatively with depth and positively with total organic nitrogen and nitrate, highlighting the importance of trophic impact. The time following the impoundment reflected the colonization processes to more stable communities. The seasonality domination followed the Mediterranean pattern, with cold and warm periods being differentiated by changes in community structure, while abundance and biomass remained low throughout the studied period. Combined with the dominance of small-sized individuals, it resulted in low grazing pressure, indicating that zooplankton was not the factor controlling phytoplankton. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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13 pages, 2629 KiB  
Article
Bladderwort Relationship to Zooplankton in Two Northern Michigan Lakes
by Reo K. Wallace Hoffelt and Jonathan P. Doubek
Diversity 2023, 15(2), 171; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d15020171 - 26 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1507
Abstract
Traditionally, most of our understanding of lake zooplankton dynamics is from data collected in the pelagic, open water zone. However, the littoral and benthic zones of lakes can play a role in zooplankton community interactions and relationships. Utricularia spp., or the bladderworts, inhabit [...] Read more.
Traditionally, most of our understanding of lake zooplankton dynamics is from data collected in the pelagic, open water zone. However, the littoral and benthic zones of lakes can play a role in zooplankton community interactions and relationships. Utricularia spp., or the bladderworts, inhabit littoral and shallow waters of lakes and consume zooplankton. Limited information exists on the dietary habits of bladderworts and how diet varies across lakes and seasonally. Bladderwort dietary assemblage in two Michigan, USA, lakes was quantified during the thermally stratified period of 2020, and was compared to zooplankton in the adjacent water column. Bladderwort trap size was positively related to zooplankton prey size, but not number of prey consumed or taxa richness. Bladderworts consumed a variety of prey, the majority dominated by littoral cladoceran and ostracod taxa. Seasonal change was observed, with significantly higher ostracod dominance earlier in the season, shifting into cladoceran dominance later in the season. Ostracods were more commonly found in traps than the water column, whereas Cladocera were more commonly found in the water column than the traps. These results shed light into the dietary habits of bladderworts, which can have consequences for food web dynamics and energy transfer in small lake systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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31 pages, 13374 KiB  
Article
Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) of Man-Made Lakes at the Northeast Part of the United Arab Emirates with a Hypothesis on Their Origin
by Alexey A. Kotov, Anna N. Neretina, Shamma Eisa Salem Al Neyadi, Dmitry P. Karabanov and Waleed Hamza
Diversity 2022, 14(8), 688; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d14080688 - 21 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2682
Abstract
A study of the water fleas (Crustacea: Cladocera) in man-made lakes in the northeast part of the United Arab Emirates revealed five species: Ceriodaphnia cf. cornuta Sars, 1885; Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) arabica Neretina, Al Neyadi et Hamza, 2022; Moina cf. micrura Kurz, 1875; Anthalona [...] Read more.
A study of the water fleas (Crustacea: Cladocera) in man-made lakes in the northeast part of the United Arab Emirates revealed five species: Ceriodaphnia cf. cornuta Sars, 1885; Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) arabica Neretina, Al Neyadi et Hamza, 2022; Moina cf. micrura Kurz, 1875; Anthalona mediterranea (Yalim, 2005); Coronatella anemae Van Damme et Dumont, 2008. The morphologies of the four taxa are described in detail, except that of D. Arabica, which has been described previously. The phylogenies of the C. cornuta and M. micrura species groups were reconstructed based on sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene and the possible divergence age of the Arabian clades was estimated based on molecular clocks with paleontological calibration. We concluded that the C. cornuta complex was differentiated in the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous. The splitting off of clades containing the Arabian population took place during the Oligocene to Miocene. The M. micrura species group was differentiated in the Upper Cretaceous, and the splitting off of clades including Arabian populations took place around the Oligocene. Therefore, the clades (of different hierarchical orders) in the Arabian Peninsula are very old compared to clades of similar rank in northern Eurasia, which usually have Late Pleistocene history. Most of our sampled water bodies were newly constructed man-made reservoirs. As revealed, the phylogroups are locally distributed, and we hypothesized that they are colonists from surrounding natural water bodies inhabited by the relicts of older fauna that survived after the great climate aridization and then occupied newly available (man-made) biotopes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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13 pages, 1899 KiB  
Article
Assessment Potential of Zooplankton to Establish Reference Conditions in Lowland Temperate Lakes
by Agnieszka Ochocka and Maciej Karpowicz
Diversity 2022, 14(6), 501; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d14060501 - 20 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1534
Abstract
Zooplankton community data from 45 dimictic lakes, representing homogenous abiotic conditions, were used to distinguish indicator taxa of near-pristine, reference lakes with low anthropopression. Reference conditions were selected based on natural land use in the catchment, lack of or low human activity, and [...] Read more.
Zooplankton community data from 45 dimictic lakes, representing homogenous abiotic conditions, were used to distinguish indicator taxa of near-pristine, reference lakes with low anthropopression. Reference conditions were selected based on natural land use in the catchment, lack of or low human activity, and the absence of point sources of pollution, as well as good water quality. According to these criteria, six lakes were designated references and all represent mesotrophic conditions. Reference lakes had a low abundance of Cyclopoida and Rotifera, and significantly lower biomass compared to non-reference lakes. We have found that species characteristic of the reference lake were: Bosmina (Eubosmina) coregoni, Ascomorpha ecaudis, Collotheca pelagica, and Gastropus stylifer. The species responsible for differences among reference and non-reference lakes were Keratella tecta, Pompholyx sulcata, and Ascomorpha saltans, which are considered typical for eutrophic waters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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8 pages, 1090 KiB  
Article
Epizoic Rotifers and Microcrustaceans on Bivalves of Different Size and Behavior
by Jolanta Ejsmont-Karabin, Maciej Karpowicz and Irina Feniova
Diversity 2022, 14(4), 293; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/d14040293 - 13 Apr 2022
Viewed by 1564
Abstract
Previous mesocosm experiments with the epizoon of Dreissena polymorpha revealed that the communities of Rotifera and Crustacea were much more abundant and had higher species richness than epizoon of Unio tumidus in nature. These differences could be attributed to different environmental conditions and/or [...] Read more.
Previous mesocosm experiments with the epizoon of Dreissena polymorpha revealed that the communities of Rotifera and Crustacea were much more abundant and had higher species richness than epizoon of Unio tumidus in nature. These differences could be attributed to different environmental conditions and/or different host behavior. To test this hypothesis, we compared epizoon of D.polymorpha and U.tumidus placed in identical mesocosm conditions, in which Unio could not move vertically due to the lack of sediments. Half of the mesocosms contained D. polymorpha, the other half comprised U. tumidus. Each species of mollusks was kept in the mesocosms with eutrophic and mesotrophic conditions. Finally, we established four treatments that were replicated in triplicate mesocosms. Mesocosm experiments showed that epizoon communities of U. tumidus were even more abundant than that of D. polymorpha and their species richness was similar. Therefore, we concluded that previously revealed strong differences between epizoon communities of D. polymorpha and U. tumidus were related to the different environmental conditions and bivalve behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Ecology of Zooplankton in Lake Subhabitats)
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