Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.7
2.9
Journals
Electronics
Special Issues
Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems
share announcement

Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 68924

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Lucia Frosini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: design, modelling, simulation, and diagnostics of rotating electrical machines (induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors, synchronous reluctance motors), as well as transformers, especially from the electromagnetic point of view
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I invite you to present the results of your studies to this Special Issue of Electronics on the topic “Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems”.

Currently, scientific research in this field is stimulated both by new targets and requirements to be achieved and by novel tools and equipment available.

The new targets are linked to the fact that today 20% of the world’s final energy consumption is electrical energy, but this percentage should increase significantly in the next two decades, by at least 2.1% per year, which would lead to 24%–31% in 2040, according to the Stated Policies Scenario or the Sustainable Development Scenario. In these scenarios, the main electrical energy users are electrical motors in industrial applications, space cooling, large and small appliances, and electric vehicles.

Hence, the new requirements are: i) high-efficiency electrical motors and drives, to reduce electrical energy consumption and the consequent global emissions; ii) replacement of electrical motors instead of other systems to reduce the emissions locally, and therefore the use of electrical motors in novel applications with different requirements in terms of high speed, high torque, high speed range, all while maintaining high efficiency. In addition, it is necessary to reduce noise and vibrations, to achieve high-precision operation, and to limit the level of production costs and their volatility due to rare-earth materials.

The novel tools and equipment are: i) increasingly sophisticated software for finite element analysis, not only electromagnetic, but also mechanical and vibrational, with a strong interaction among them (co-simulation); ii) low-cost power electronics with superior performance, with higher speed wide-band-gap devices and advanced control techniques.

The solutions envisaged are given by the design of electrical motors and power converters with characteristics capable of meeting the above requirements, but also by the integrated design of the entire drive system.

Dr. Lucia Frosini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrical motors
  • power converters
  • electrical drives
  • power electronics
  • electric vehicles
  • industrial, commercial, and residential applications
  • power control system
  • power semiconductor devices
  • multilevel converters
  • fault diagnosis in electrical motors and drives
  • energy efficiency
  • electrical propulsion
  • wide-band-gap power electronic devices

Published Papers (21 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

24 pages, 9842 KiB  
Article
Fault Diagnosis and Tolerant Control for Three-Level T-Type Inverters
by Kuei-Hsiang Chao, Long-Yi Chang and Chien-Chun Hung
Electronics 2022, 11(16), 2496; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11162496 - 10 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1290
Abstract
This paper proposes a fault diagnosis system for inverters based on a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC). First, a three-level T-type inverter was implemented and used to create a three-level T-type inverter test environment for measuring the output voltage waveforms of faulty power [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a fault diagnosis system for inverters based on a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC). First, a three-level T-type inverter was implemented and used to create a three-level T-type inverter test environment for measuring the output voltage waveforms of faulty power transistors on the main inverter circuit under different output frequencies. The measured waveforms were processed using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm to create frequency spectrum diagrams and extract the characteristic spectra of corresponding faulty switches. Then, the associations of the spectra were determined and applied as training data for the CMAC to detect the positions of the faulty power transistors. The test results demonstrated that the proposed induction motor fault diagnosis system is capable of fast algorithm, requires less data to train, and has excellent accuracy of identification, with an error margin of ±5%. The detection results were then processed using a fault-tolerant controller (FTC) to enhance the reliability of the proposed system. Finally, some simulations and experimental results were conducted and analyzed to validate the feasibility of the proposed FTC system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 11700 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Optimal Control of Voltage Utilization for Improving the Efficiency of PMSM
by Ji-Hwan Park, Hee-Sun Lim, Geun-Ho Lee and Heon-Hyeong Lee
Electronics 2022, 11(13), 2095; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11132095 - 04 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2028
Abstract
When performing weak flux control to drive a permanent-magnet synchronous motor at high speed, the efficiency is lowered because the copper loss increases as the negative D-axis current increases. In addition, if the overmodulation index is slightly lowered and driven without setting it [...] Read more.
When performing weak flux control to drive a permanent-magnet synchronous motor at high speed, the efficiency is lowered because the copper loss increases as the negative D-axis current increases. In addition, if the overmodulation index is slightly lowered and driven without setting it to the maximum value, the phase current ripple reduction effect can be expected compared to the six-step control. Therefore, if the motor is operated at a current point that can minimize the sum of copper loss and iron loss, the motor can be driven with maximum efficiency. In addition, if the overmodulation index is slightly lower than that of the six-step control, the phase current ripple can be reduced. This paper proposes a method for finding an overmodulation index to maximize driving efficiency when driving a motor based on the magnetic flux–torque command. In addition, an algorithm for driving a motor with maximum efficiency by applying an optimal overmodulation index table is proposed. Based on the MATLAB Simulink simulation, the efficiency change characteristics according to the overmodulation index change are reviewed, and the efficiency improvement and current ripple reduction effects are verified through a dynamometer experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 3879 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of Electric Power Generation with Concentrated Solar Thermoelectric Generator
by Mohammed Bensafi, Houari Ameur, Noureddine Kaid, Siamak Hoseinzadeh, Saim Memon and Ali Sohani
Electronics 2022, 11(12), 1867; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11121867 - 13 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2314
Abstract
Although thermoelectric technology is little-known in the public domain, it presents an exciting alternative solution in many cases where lost heat energy can be quickly recovered to produce electricity. In the present paper, an attempt is undertaken to exploit this energy. For this [...] Read more.
Although thermoelectric technology is little-known in the public domain, it presents an exciting alternative solution in many cases where lost heat energy can be quickly recovered to produce electricity. In the present paper, an attempt is undertaken to exploit this energy. For this purpose, an experimental study is conducted to produce electricity with the thermoelectric effect by utilizing a device placed on a parabolic concentrator. The device is placed on a solar tracker. The results obtained for two days of two distinct months, January and June, revealed that the production in June was higher than that in January by around 92.86%. This distinction is due to the concentrated solar beam being different on a day in each month. A vital product was recorded by utilizing the concentrator. This gadget permitted us to take advantage of the limit of sun-based radiation to produce power. The power may be stored with a legitimate stockpiling procedure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

36 pages, 10694 KiB  
Article
A High-Efficiency High-Power-Density SiC-Based Portable Charger for Electric Vehicles
by Stefan Ditze, Stefan Ehrlich, Nikolai Weitz, Marco Sauer, Frank Aßmus, Anne Sacher, Christopher Joffe, Christoph Seßler and Patrick Meißner
Electronics 2022, 11(12), 1818; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11121818 - 08 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3668
Abstract
This paper proposes a portable 11 kW off-board charger for electric vehicles. In the ac/dc stage, a three-phase power factor correction (PFC) in Vienna topology is chosen. The loss and volume of the PFC inductance are calculated over a wide range of parameters [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a portable 11 kW off-board charger for electric vehicles. In the ac/dc stage, a three-phase power factor correction (PFC) in Vienna topology is chosen. The loss and volume of the PFC inductance are calculated over a wide range of parameters and optimized with regard to design, winding, and core material. A three-phase LLC resonant converter operating at 1 MHz is chosen for the galvanically isolated dc/dc stage. A parametrizable loss model of the high-frequency transformer and the resonance inductor is developed to minimize volume, weight, and losses. With the help of an automated algorithm using these loss models, the inductive components are optimized in terms of winding specification, magnetic material, and core geometry, verified by finite element analysis and measurements. For the ac/dc stage, 900 V SiC devices are adopted, and 1200 V SiC devices are used in the primary and secondary sides of the dc/dc stage. A variable dc-link voltage is utilized to adjust the charging profile and to operate the LLC resonant converter at the most efficient point near the series resonance frequency. A mechatronically integrated portable air-cooled off-board charger prototype with 11 kW, three-phase 400 VAC input, and 620–850 VDC output is realized and tested. The prototype demonstrates a power density of 2.3 kW/liter (37.7 W/in³), a peak efficiency of 96%, and 95.8% efficiency over the defined battery voltage range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 6915 KiB  
Article
Speed Estimation Method of Linear Motor Extended Kalman Filter Based on Attenuation Memory
by Zheng Li, Lucheng Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Weisong Sun, Pengju Wang, Xiaoqiang Guo and Hexu Sun
Electronics 2022, 11(10), 1543; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11101543 - 12 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
In allusion to the phenomenon that the extended Kalman filter is easy to diverge in the mover position estimation of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, a linear motor extended Kalman filter speed estimation method based on attenuation memory is designed. By setting the [...] Read more.
In allusion to the phenomenon that the extended Kalman filter is easy to diverge in the mover position estimation of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, a linear motor extended Kalman filter speed estimation method based on attenuation memory is designed. By setting the attenuation factor, α, the extended Kalman filter is introduced to increase the weight of the latest speed data and restrain the divergence of the filter, so as to achieve a better speed tracking effect. In the simulation experiment of the sensorless control of a linear motor, the AMEKF algorithm can significantly improve the speed estimation accuracy of standard EKF, and the speed estimation error is reduced by 0.75%. At the same time, it still maintains a good speed tracking effect and good dynamic performance under variable speed and different load conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 9141 KiB  
Article
Flux Intensifying Feature of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor with High Torque Density
by Min-Fu Hsieh, Duc-Kien Ngo and Nguyen Gia Minh Thao
Electronics 2022, 11(3), 397; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11030397 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3358
Abstract
This paper investigates the flux intensifying (FI) feature of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) in order to achieve high torque density with a small amount of permanent magnet (PM). This motor is thus denoted “FI-PMa-SynRM”. The performance of the developed FI-PMa-SynRM [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the flux intensifying (FI) feature of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) in order to achieve high torque density with a small amount of permanent magnet (PM). This motor is thus denoted “FI-PMa-SynRM”. The performance of the developed FI-PMa-SynRM is compared with that of two other counterparts, i.e., an inset surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) and a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) to highlight the strengths of the FI-PMa-SynRM. In addition, an analysis on partial demagnetization and torque density of the developed FI-PMa-SynRM is conducted to demonstrate its advantages. The finite element method (FEM) is employed for the analysis in terms of flux linkage and inductances so that the effectiveness of the FI characteristics is validated. The analysis shows that a high torque density (24.79 Nm/L or even greater) can be achieved with a small amount of PM (0.72% motor volume). The ability of anti-demagnetization is also fulfilled. Furthermore, experimental results are provided to validate the analysis findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 5620 KiB  
Article
Diagnosis and Fault Detection of Rotor Bars in Squirrel Cage Induction Motors Using Combined Park’s Vector and Extended Park’s Vector Approaches
by Mustapha Messaoudi, Aymen Flah, Abdullah Alhumaidi Alotaibi, Ahmed Althobaiti, Lassaad Sbita and Claude Ziad El-Bayeh
Electronics 2022, 11(3), 380; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11030380 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2935
Abstract
The induction motor (IM) is considered to be one of the most important types of motors used in industries. A sudden failure in this machine can lead to unwanted downtime, with consequences in costs, product quality, and safety. Over the last decade, several [...] Read more.
The induction motor (IM) is considered to be one of the most important types of motors used in industries. A sudden failure in this machine can lead to unwanted downtime, with consequences in costs, product quality, and safety. Over the last decade, several methods and techniques have been proposed to diagnose and detect faults in induction machines. In this paper, we present the development of a new algorithm based on the combination of both the Park’s vector approach (PVA) and the extended Park’s vector approach (EPVA) for broken rotor bars (BRBs) fault detection and identification. This fault can be detected using the PVA by monitoring the thickness and orientation of the park’s vector pattern and using EPVA by identifying specific spectral components related to the fault. For ability evaluation of our suggested algorithm, simulations and experiments are conducted and presented. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is accurate and effective and can be extensively used in IM fault detections and identifications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 7269 KiB  
Article
A New Design Procedure for Rotor Laminations of Synchronous Reluctance Machines with Fluid Shaped Barriers
by Federica Uberti, Lucia Frosini and Loránd Szabó
Electronics 2022, 11(1), 134; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11010134 - 02 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2269
Abstract
A new procedure for the design and optimization of the rotor laminations of a synchronous reluctance machine is presented in this paper. The configuration of the laminations is symmetrical and contains fluid-shaped barriers. The parametrization principle is used, which executes variations in the [...] Read more.
A new procedure for the design and optimization of the rotor laminations of a synchronous reluctance machine is presented in this paper. The configuration of the laminations is symmetrical and contains fluid-shaped barriers. The parametrization principle is used, which executes variations in the lamination geometry by changing the position, thickness and shape of the flux barriers. Hence, the optimization procedure analyzes the various configurations through finite element simulations, by means of the communication between MATLAB and Flux 2D. In the post processing stage, the best geometry which optimizes mean torque, torque ripple, efficiency and power factor is selected. Once the best rotor configuration is defined, further investigations allow improving its performance by modifying the current angle, the stator winding and the thickness of the radial ribs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 11600 KiB  
Article
Implementation of PI and MPC-Based Speed Controllers for a Drive with Elastic Coupling on a PLC Controller
by Piotr Serkies and Adam Gorla
Electronics 2021, 10(24), 3139; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10243139 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2631
Abstract
This paper presents some of the issues related to the implementation of advanced control structures (PI controller with additional feedback, Model Predictive Controller) for drives with elastic coupling on a programmable logic controller (PLC). The predominant solutions to electric drive control include the [...] Read more.
This paper presents some of the issues related to the implementation of advanced control structures (PI controller with additional feedback, Model Predictive Controller) for drives with elastic coupling on a programmable logic controller (PLC). The predominant solutions to electric drive control include the use of rapid prototyping cards, signal processors or programmable matrices. Originally, PLC controllers were used to automate sequential processes, but for several years now, a trend related to their implementation for advanced control objects can be observed. This is mainly due to their compact design, immunity to disturbances and standard programming languages. The following chapters of the paper present the mathematical model of the drive and describe the implementation of the proposed control structures. A PI controller with additional feedback loops and a predictive controller are taken into consideration. Their impact on the CPU load was analysed, and the work was summarised by a comprehensive experimental study. The presented results confirm that it is possible to implement advanced control structures on a PLC controller for drives with elastic coupling while maintaining a sufficiently low load on its CPU. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 13472 KiB  
Article
Electromagnetic Torque Ripple in Multiple Three-Phase Brushless DC Motors for Electric Vehicles
by Ihor Shchur and Daniel Jancarczyk
Electronics 2021, 10(24), 3097; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10243097 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2506
Abstract
This paper investigated an electromagnetic torque ripple level of BLDC drives with multiple three-phase (TP) permanent magnet (PM) motors for electric vehicles. For this purpose, mathematical models of PM machines of different armature winding sets-single (STP), dual (DTP), triple (TTP), and quadruple (QTP) [...] Read more.
This paper investigated an electromagnetic torque ripple level of BLDC drives with multiple three-phase (TP) permanent magnet (PM) motors for electric vehicles. For this purpose, mathematical models of PM machines of different armature winding sets-single (STP), dual (DTP), triple (TTP), and quadruple (QTP) ones of asymmetrical configuration and optimal angular displacement between winding sets were developed and corresponding computer models in the Matlab/Simulink environment were created. In conducted simulation, the influence of various factors on the electromagnetic torque ripple of the multiple-TP BLDC drives was investigated—degree of modularity, magnetic coupling between armature winding sets, and drive operation in open and closed-loop control systems. Studies have shown an increase of the electromagnetic torque ripple generated by one module in the multiple TP BLDC drives with magnetically coupled winding sets, due to additional current pulsations caused by magnetic interactions between the machine modules. However, the total electromagnetic torque ripples are much lower than in similar drives with magnetically insulated winding sets. Compared with the STP BLDC drive, the multiple TP BLDC drives with the same output parameters showed a reduction of the electromagnetic torque ripple by 27.6% for the DTP, 32.3% for the TTP, and 34.0% for the QTP BLDC drive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 12255 KiB  
Article
An Effective Decoupling Control with Simple Structure for Induction Motor Drive System Considering Digital Delay
by Cheng Wang, Asem Jaidaa, Ze Wang and Lei Lu
Electronics 2021, 10(23), 3048; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10233048 - 06 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4246
Abstract
Digital processing poses a considerable time delay on controllers of induction motor (IM) driving system, which degrades the effects of torque/flux decoupling, slows the motor torque response down, or even makes the entire system unstable, especially when operating at a low switching frequency. [...] Read more.
Digital processing poses a considerable time delay on controllers of induction motor (IM) driving system, which degrades the effects of torque/flux decoupling, slows the motor torque response down, or even makes the entire system unstable, especially when operating at a low switching frequency. The existing methods, such as feed-forward and feed-back decoupling methods based on the proportional integral controller (PI), have an intrinsic disadvantage in the compromise between high performance and low switching frequency. Besides, the digital delay cannot be well compensated, which may affect the system loop and bring instability. Conventional complex vector decoupling control based on an accurate IM model employs complicated decoupling loops that may be degraded by digital delay leading to discrete error. This article aims to give an alternative complex vector decoupling solution with a simple structure, intended for optimized decoupling and improving the system dynamic performance throughout the entire operating range. The digital delay-caused impacts, including secondary coupling effect and voltage vector amplitude/phase inaccuracy, are specified. Given this, the digital delay impact is canceled accurately in advance, simplifying the entire decoupling process greatly while achieving uncompromised decoupling performance. The simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed decoupling technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 1380 KiB  
Article
Electro-Magnetic and Structural Analysis of Six-Pole Hybrid-Excited Permanent Magnet Motors
by Luca Cinti, Mattia Carlucci, Nicola Bianchi and Manuele Bertoluzzo
Electronics 2021, 10(17), 2051; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10172051 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1796
Abstract
Potentials and limits of the Hybrid-Excitation Permanent-Magnet (HEPM) synchronous machine are dealt with in this paper. A six-pole machine is taken into consideration, and both parallel and series configurations are analysed and compared. Taking advantage of the rotor excitation coils, the permanent magnet [...] Read more.
Potentials and limits of the Hybrid-Excitation Permanent-Magnet (HEPM) synchronous machine are dealt with in this paper. A six-pole machine is taken into consideration, and both parallel and series configurations are analysed and compared. Taking advantage of the rotor excitation coils, the permanent magnet (PM) rotor flux can be adjusted according to the operating speed to improve its performance parameters. The electro-magnetic force is analysed in its first harmonic and in the complete shape. Moreover, a comparison between analytical and numerical formulation has been done for the rotor current control. In particular, the speed range is extended, and electro-mechanical torque and power are increased, as well as the efficiency. It will be shown that the rotor flux reduction by using the excitation winding yields an improvement of the motor performance. The main advantage will be obtained during the flux-weakening operations. In this paper, different rotor topologies will be analysed to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each of them, and how it is possible to achieve higher speed with higher torque and without high saliency ratio. A magnetic network will be introduced to explain the different contribution of the excitation winding to the rotor flux. Furthermore, a comparison of the amount of the volume of PM, copper and iron in internal permanent magnet (IPM) motor and HEPM motor will be analysed. Actually, an analysis of the harmonic content in the electro-motive force even varying the excitation current and a mechanical stress analysis of each machine will be shown. Finally, it will be verified that the excitation losses represent a minimum component of the total losses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 4512 KiB  
Article
Induction Machine On-Line Parameter Identification for Resource-Constrained Microcontrollers Based on Steady-State Voltage Model
by Tomas Kostal and Pavel Kobrle
Electronics 2021, 10(16), 1981; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10161981 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2243
Abstract
This paper presents a new, computationally modest on-line identification method for the simultaneous estimation of the rotor resistance and magnetizing inductance of an induction machine suitable for electric drives that use an indirect field-oriented control strategy (IFOC), and their control hardware is equipped [...] Read more.
This paper presents a new, computationally modest on-line identification method for the simultaneous estimation of the rotor resistance and magnetizing inductance of an induction machine suitable for electric drives that use an indirect field-oriented control strategy (IFOC), and their control hardware is equipped with a resource-constrained microcontroller. Such drives can be found both in the manufacturing industry and railway traction vehicles in the thousands, having either older control hardware that cannot cope with computationally excessive identification methods or being in cost-sensitive applications, thus being equipped with a low-cost microcontroller. IFOC is a very common control strategy for such drives due to its good dynamic properties and comparatively simple implementation. However, it is sensitive to inaccuracies of rotor resistance and magnetizing inductance. These two parameters change during the operation of the drive, being influenced by the temperature, frequency, and saturation of the magnetic circuit. Improper values of parameters in the controller can degrade the performance of IFOC, resulting in slower acceleration or unnecessary oversaturation of the machine. Respecting these changes can therefore bring significant benefits such as the good dynamic properties of the drive, which can shorten operations in the manufacturing industry or travel times of vehicles. A number of on-line identification methods for monitoring the parameter changes have been published so far, but the majority of them are demanding on microcontroller time or its memory. The proposed method, on the contrary, is comparatively simple and thus easy for implementation with low requirements to the microcontroller. Therefore, it is suitable for both upgrades of existing drives or new low-cost applications. Derivation of the method from the mathematical model and the final algorithm for the microcontroller are presented. The performance of the proposed method is validated with experimental results obtained with a 3.5 kW induction machine drive with an industrial microcontroller during a warming test and under various loads and frequencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 6090 KiB  
Article
Fast Flux and Torque Control of a Double Inverter-Fed Wound Machine Considering All Coupling Interferences
by Yongsu Han
Electronics 2021, 10(15), 1845; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10151845 - 31 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1643
Abstract
For efficient operation of the squirrel cage induction motor, the flux must be properly adjusted according to the torque. However, in such variable flux operation, the performance of torque control is limited by the flux control because it is not possible to measure [...] Read more.
For efficient operation of the squirrel cage induction motor, the flux must be properly adjusted according to the torque. However, in such variable flux operation, the performance of torque control is limited by the flux control because it is not possible to measure and control the rotor current that affects the flux. On the contrary, in a double inverter-fed wound machine (DIFWM), the inverter is connected to the rotor side, as well as the stator side, and the rotor current can be controlled. This controllability of the rotor currents improves the operation performance of a DIFWM. This article presents the decoupling current control method of a DIFWM for fast flux and torque control. Since the rotor flux is directly calculated by the stator and rotor currents, the bandwidth of the flux control can be improved to the bandwidth of the current controller, which means that the torque control also has the same bandwidth. In this article, a detailed current controller design method with a DIFWM feed-forwarding decoupling method to eliminate all coupling interferences is proposed. The simulation and experimental results regarding the DIFWM are presented to verify the torque and flux control performance of the proposed control method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 5698 KiB  
Article
A Novel Single-Switch Single-Stage LED Driver with Power Factor Correction and Current Balancing Capability
by Yih-Her Yan, Hung-Liang Cheng, Chun-An Cheng, Yong-Nong Chang and Zong-Xun Wu
Electronics 2021, 10(11), 1340; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10111340 - 03 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2963
Abstract
A novel single-switch single-stage high power factor LED driver is proposed by integrating a flyback converter, a buck–boost converter and a current balance circuit. Only an active switch and a corresponding control circuit are used. The LED power can be adjusted by the [...] Read more.
A novel single-switch single-stage high power factor LED driver is proposed by integrating a flyback converter, a buck–boost converter and a current balance circuit. Only an active switch and a corresponding control circuit are used. The LED power can be adjusted by the control scheme of pulse–width modulation (PWM). The flyback converter performs the function of power factor correction (PFC), which is operated at discontinuous-current mode (DCM) to achieve unity power factor and low total current harmonic distortion (THDi). The buck–boost converter regulates the dc-link voltage to obtain smooth dc voltage for the LED. The current–balance circuit applies the principle of ampere-second balance of capacitors to obtain equal current in each LED string. The steady-state analyses for different operation modes is provided, and the mathematical equations for designing component parameters are conducted. Finally, a 90-W prototype circuit with three LED strings was built and tested. Experimental results show that the current in each LED string is indeed consistent. High power factor and low THDi can be achieved. LED power is regulated from 100% to 25% rated power. Satisfactory performance has proved the feasibility of this circuit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

34 pages, 19071 KiB  
Article
Design and Modeling of a Robust Sensorless Control System for a Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
by Mahmoud A. Mossa, Hamdi Echeikh, Ziad M. Ali, Mahrous Ahmed, Saad F. Al-Gahtani and Hamdy M. Sultan
Electronics 2021, 10(8), 966; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10080966 - 18 Apr 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2619
Abstract
The paper is concerned with designing an effective controller for a linear tubular homopolar (LT-H) motor type. The construction and operation of the LT-H motor are first described in detail. Then, the motor model is represented in the direct-quadrature (d-q) axes in order [...] Read more.
The paper is concerned with designing an effective controller for a linear tubular homopolar (LT-H) motor type. The construction and operation of the LT-H motor are first described in detail. Then, the motor model is represented in the direct-quadrature (d-q) axes in order to facilitate the design of the control loops. The designed control system consists of two main loops: the current control loop and velocity adaptation loop. The determination of the regulator’s gains is accomplished through deriving and analyzing the transfer functions of the loops. To enhance the system’s robustness, a robust variable estimator is designed to observe the velocity and stator resistance. Different performance evaluation tests are performed using MATLAB/Simulink software to validate the controller’s robustness for variable-speed operation and load force changes as well. The obtained results reveal the appropriate dynamics of the motor thanks to the well-designed control system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 2518 KiB  
Article
Design of a Resonant Converter for a Regenerative Braking System Based on Ultracap Storage for Application in a Formula SAE Single-Seater Electric Racing Car
by Alberto Dolara, Sonia Leva, Giacomo Moretti, Marco Mussetta and Yales Romulo de Novaes
Electronics 2021, 10(2), 161; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10020161 - 13 Jan 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4203
Abstract
Electric mobility can represent a game changing technology for the long-term sustainability of the transportation sector. Pursuing this target, a model to simulate an Electric Vehicle (EV) for Formula SAE Electric competition is herein proposed: all the subsystems of the EV and the [...] Read more.
Electric mobility can represent a game changing technology for the long-term sustainability of the transportation sector. Pursuing this target, a model to simulate an Electric Vehicle (EV) for Formula SAE Electric competition is herein proposed: all the subsystems of the EV and the hybrid storage of the Li-ion batteries and Ultra-Capacitors (UCs) are implemented, in order to store the kinetic energy of the regenerative braking in the storage system through the Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS). A bidirectional DC-DC resonant converter is herein applied to the KERS to manage the UC pack. The operational limits of the proposed system, keeping the soft-switching properties, are discussed, and the results show the capability of the converter to operate under resonant mode in both boost and buck mode. A drawback is the presence of high current peaks in the resonant inductor. The use of more than one converter in interleaving and the adoption of a suitable capability factor ensure the proper operation of the system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 8818 KiB  
Article
Pulse Pattern Optimization Based on Brute Force Method for Medium-Voltage Three-Level NPC Converter with Active Front End
by Dominik Cikač, Nikola Turk, Neven Bulić and Stefano Barbanti
Electronics 2020, 9(10), 1685; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9101685 - 14 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2570
Abstract
Nowadays, regulation standards regarding the injection of harmonics in the grid power supply are becoming stricter. These standards have a direct impact on the design and control of converters, especially in medium-voltage drives. To fulfil these standards, converters are designed to work with [...] Read more.
Nowadays, regulation standards regarding the injection of harmonics in the grid power supply are becoming stricter. These standards have a direct impact on the design and control of converters, especially in medium-voltage drives. To fulfil these standards, converters are designed to work with the power factor as close to unity as possible and to correct the harmonics spectrum in case of a grid power supply with multiple resonances. The preferred modulation technique for medium-voltage drives is usually selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation. This approach requires a precise calculation of pulse patterns (switching angle vs. modulation index) with additional constraints. This research presents a new approach for the determination of optimal pulse patterns. The technique ensures the elimination of low-order harmonics and minimization of some high-order ones. The proposed technique incorporates the additional constraints regarding minimum on/off switching time (pulse duration) and ensures the continuity of pulse patterns. Optimal pulse patterns are determined with the brute force method which searches the feasible solution space by use of the Jacobian matrix null space. Determined pulse patterns are verified by the simulation and experimental measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

35 pages, 20741 KiB  
Article
Effective Direct Power Control for a Sensor-Less Doubly Fed Induction Generator with a Losses Minimization Criterion
by Mahmoud A. Mossa, Hamdi Echeikh, Ahmed A. Zaki Diab and Nguyen Vu Quynh
Electronics 2020, 9(8), 1269; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9081269 - 07 Aug 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2341
Abstract
The present paper is concerned with introducing an effective direct power control (DPC) approach for a sensor-less doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The derivation of the proposed DPC approach is performed in a systematic manner in which the design of the rotor current [...] Read more.
The present paper is concerned with introducing an effective direct power control (DPC) approach for a sensor-less doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The derivation of the proposed DPC approach is performed in a systematic manner in which the design of the rotor current controllers is well analyzed, which clarifies the real base of the control system as when and why it works properly. The operation of the proposed DPC approach is based on the stator voltage-oriented control principle in which the stator voltage is aligned with the quadrature axis of the rotating reference frame. To obtain maximum generation efficiency, the reactive power reference value is derived based on a loss minimization criterion (LMC) that is described and analyzed in detail. To enhance the robustness of the control system, an effective rotor position estimator is proposed that is robust against the system uncertainties, such as the parameters’ variation. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensor-less DPC approach, the DFIG dynamic performance is tested for a wide range of operating speeds. The obtained results confirm and emphasize the feasibility of the proposed control approach and its LMC methodology in improving the generation efficiency and in obtaining high dynamic performance from the DFIG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

14 pages, 1556 KiB  
Review
A Survey of Fuzzy Algorithms Used in Multi-Motor Systems Control
by Vedrana Jerković Štil, Toni Varga, Tin Benšić and Marinko Barukčić
Electronics 2020, 9(11), 1788; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9111788 - 28 Oct 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3049
Abstract
Multi-motor systems are strong coupled multiple-input–multiple-output systems. The main objective in multi-motor drive control is to achieve synchronized operation of all motors in the system. In this paper, multi-motor systems are classified in accordance with their control demands. This paper also provides a [...] Read more.
Multi-motor systems are strong coupled multiple-input–multiple-output systems. The main objective in multi-motor drive control is to achieve synchronized operation of all motors in the system. In this paper, multi-motor systems are classified in accordance with their control demands. This paper also provides a systematic categorization of multi-motor synchronization techniques. The review of recent research literature indicates that fuzzy algorithms are widely used in multi-motor control. Finally, in this paper, a review of fuzzy logic controllers and their functionalities in multi-motor control is given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 4518 KiB  
Review
Brushed DC Motor Drives for Industrial and Automobile Applications with Emphasis on Control Techniques: A Comprehensive Review
by Dimitris A. Barkas, George C. Ioannidis, Constantinos S. Psomopoulos, Stavros D. Kaminaris and Georgios A. Vokas
Electronics 2020, 9(6), 887; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9060887 - 27 May 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 13347
Abstract
The current paper presents an inclusive survey about the AC to DC and DC to DC converters for brushed DC Motor Drives. An essential number of different AC to DC and DC to DC topologies and control techniques, applied on the brushed DC [...] Read more.
The current paper presents an inclusive survey about the AC to DC and DC to DC converters for brushed DC Motor Drives. An essential number of different AC to DC and DC to DC topologies and control techniques, applied on the brushed DC motor drives are presented. This extensive literature review exposes advantages, disadvantages and limitations besides giving the basic operating principles of various topologies and control techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Electric Motors, Drives, Power Converters and Related Systems)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-21
Back to TopTop