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Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Power Management

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (16 February 2022) | Viewed by 8015

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta CE, Italy
Interests: automatic control; nonlinear control; identification; electric aicraft

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta CE, Italy
Interests: nonlinear control; switched systems; electric aircraft

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, the approach to the design of controllers for power management in electrical applications has been rapidly evolving due to the latest advancements in nonlinear control techniques for continuous and/or switched systems such as backstepping, high-order sliding mode, Lyapunov-based control approach, and model predictive control. Indeed, most electrical applications are required to function around several operating points. Therefore, the classical approach dating back to the 1940s, consisting in the adoption of proportional–integral–derivative controllers designed according to a locally linearized version of the nonlinear system, does not suffice. Advanced control strategies exploiting the nonlinear nature of switching, complex electrical systems allow for a larger operational range and for increased robustness. Moreover, nonlinear control strategies are capable of taking into account control bounds, finite time set-point tracking, limited control rate, and assessed stability for time-varying operations. This methodology can be adopted in several fields related to the power management of electrical systems.

As a reference, we list some topics of interest for this Special Issue:

  • Electric and hybrid terrestrial vehicles;
  • Power generation and distribution for electric aircraft;
  • Microgrids for power sharing;
  • Distribution of renewable energy.

Prof. Dr. Alberto Cavallo
Dr. Antonio Russo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Nonlinear control
  • Electric power management
  • Electric vehicles
  • Microgrids

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1832 KiB  
Article
Power Flows and Losses Calculation in Radial Networks by Representing the Network Topology in the Hierarchical Structure Form
by Aminjon Gulakhmadov, Salima Asanova, Damira Asanova, Murodbek Safaraliev, Alexander Tavlintsev, Egor Lyukhanov, Sergey Semenenko and Ismoil Odinaev
Energies 2022, 15(3), 765; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030765 - 21 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1623
Abstract
This paper proposes a structured hierarchical-multilevel approach to calculating the power flows and losses of electricity in radial electrical networks with different nominal voltages at given loads and voltages of the power source. The researched electrical networks are characterized by high dimensionality, dynamism [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a structured hierarchical-multilevel approach to calculating the power flows and losses of electricity in radial electrical networks with different nominal voltages at given loads and voltages of the power source. The researched electrical networks are characterized by high dimensionality, dynamism of development, but also insufficient completeness and reliability of state information. The approach is based on the representation of the initial network graph in the form of a hierarchical-multilevel structure, divided into two stages with rated voltages Unom35 kV and Unom35 kV, and using the traditional (manual) engineering two-stage method, where the calculation is performed in a sequence from bottom to top (stage 1) and from top to bottom (stage 2), moving along the structure of the network. The application of the above approach makes it possible to obtain an algorithm for implementation on a computer, which is characterized by universality (for an arbitrary configuration and complexity of the network), high performance and low requirements for the computer memory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Power Management)
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24 pages, 1378 KiB  
Article
Krasovskii Passivity and μ-Synthesis Controller Design for Quasi-Linear Affine Systems
by Vlad Mihaly, Mircea Şuşcă and Petru Dobra
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5571; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175571 - 06 Sep 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1590
Abstract
This paper presents an end-to-end method to design passivity-based controllers (PBC) for a class of input-affine nonlinear systems, named quasi-linear affine. The approach is developed using Krasovskii’s method to design a Lyapunov function for studying the asymptotic stability, and a sufficient condition to [...] Read more.
This paper presents an end-to-end method to design passivity-based controllers (PBC) for a class of input-affine nonlinear systems, named quasi-linear affine. The approach is developed using Krasovskii’s method to design a Lyapunov function for studying the asymptotic stability, and a sufficient condition to construct a storage function is given, along with a supply-rate function. The linear fractional transformation interconnection between the nonlinear system and the Krasovskii PBC (K-PBC) results in a system which manages to follow the provided input trajectory. However, given that the input and output of the closed-loop system do not have the same physical significance, a path planning is mandatory. For the path planning component, we propose a robust controller designed using the μ-synthesis mixed-sensitivity loop-shaping for the linearized system around a desired equilibrium point. As a case study, we present the proposed methodology for DC-DC converters in a unified manner, giving sufficient conditions for such systems to be Krasovskii passive in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs), along with the possibility to compute both the K-PBC and robust controller alike. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Power Management)
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17 pages, 1977 KiB  
Article
ENIGMA—A Centralised Supervisory Controller for Enhanced Onboard Electrical Energy Management with Model in the Loop Demonstration
by Sharmila Sumsurooah, Yun He, Marcello Torchio, Konstantinos Kouramas, Beniamino Guida, Fabrizio Cuomo, Jason Atkin, Serhiy Bozhko, Alfredo Renzetti, Antonio Russo, Stefano Riverso and Alberto Cavallo
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5518; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175518 - 03 Sep 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2274
Abstract
A centralised smart supervisor (CSS) controller with enhanced electrical energy management (E2-EM) capability has been developed for an Iron Bird Electrical Power Generation and Distribution System (EPGDS) within the Clean Sky 2 ENhanced electrical energy MAnagement (ENIGMA) project. The E2-EM strategy considers the [...] Read more.
A centralised smart supervisor (CSS) controller with enhanced electrical energy management (E2-EM) capability has been developed for an Iron Bird Electrical Power Generation and Distribution System (EPGDS) within the Clean Sky 2 ENhanced electrical energy MAnagement (ENIGMA) project. The E2-EM strategy considers the potential for eliminating the 5 min overload capability of the generators to achieve a substantial reduction in the mass of the EPGDS. It ensures optimal power and energy sharing within the EPGDS by interfacing the CSS with the smart grid network (SGN), the energy storage and regeneration system (ESRS), and the programmable load bank 1 secondary distribution board (PLB1 SDU) during power overloads and failure conditions. The CSS has been developed by formalizing E2-EM logic as an algorithm operating in real time and by following safety and reliability rules. The CSS undergoes initial verification using model-in-the-loop (MIL) testing. This paper describes the EPGDS simulated for the MIL testing and details the E2-EM strategy, the algorithms, and logic developed for the ENIGMA CSS design. The CSS was subjected to two test cases using MIL demonstration, and based on the test results, the performance of the ENIGMA CSS is verified and validated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Power Management)
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17 pages, 3009 KiB  
Article
Distributed Nonlinear AIMD Algorithms for Electric Bus Charging Plants
by Matteo Ravasio, Gian Paolo Incremona, Patrizio Colaneri, Andrea Dolcini and Piero Moia
Energies 2021, 14(15), 4389; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14154389 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1625
Abstract
Recently, the introduction of electric vehicles has given rise to a new paradigm in the transportation field, spurring the public transport service in the direction of using completely electric bus fleets. In this context, one of the main challenges is that of guaranteeing [...] Read more.
Recently, the introduction of electric vehicles has given rise to a new paradigm in the transportation field, spurring the public transport service in the direction of using completely electric bus fleets. In this context, one of the main challenges is that of guaranteeing an optimal scheduling of the charging process, while reducing the power supply requested from the main grid, and improving the efficiency of the resource allocation. Therefore, in this paper, a power allocation strategy is proposed in order to optimize the charging of electric bus fleets, while fulfilling the limitation imposed on the maximum available power, as well as ensuring limited charging times. Specifically, relying on real bus charging scenarios, a charging optimization algorithm based on a Nonlinear Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (NAIMD) strategy is proposed and discussed. This approach is designed on the basis of real charging power curves related to the batteries of the considered vehicles. Moreover, the adopted NAIMD algorithm allows us to minimize the sum of charging times in the presence of saturation constraints in a distributed way and with a small amount of aggregated data sent over the communication network. Finally, an extensive simulation campaign is illustrated, showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach both in allocating the power resources and in sizing the maximum power capacity of charging plants in progress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Strategies for Electric Power Management)
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