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Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 15543

Special Issue Editors

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, E2402 Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Interests: heat transfer; boiling and condensation; thermal desalination; thermal management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
Interests: heat transfer; thermodynamics; sustainable energy systems; simulation of molecular dynamics; modeling of engineering systems.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled “Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems” aims to provide a thorough examination of various conventional and cutting-edge thermal management technologies for battery and electronics systems for electric vehicles and aircraft that are currently used in the industry as well as being proposed for future batteries and electronics. It also aims to cover the selection of the right thermal management design, the configuration of and parameters for a user’s battery chemistry and electronics, applications, and operating conditions, and provide guidance on the setup, instrumentation, and operation of their thermal management system (TMS) in the most efficient and effective manner.

While much effort is devoted to conventional thermal management of battery and electronic systems, there is a pressing need to innovate and demonstrate advanced technologies, including two-phase cooling (heat pipes and pumped two-phase loops), heat storage (phase change materials, chemical reactions), and thermoelectric (Peltier) coolers to be implemented in this area. This Special Issue aims to bring together innovative developments, technologies, and solutions in the field of thermal management of battery and electronic systems for electric vehicles and aircraft.

As the Guest Editors, we cordially invite you to contribute an original research paper or a review article to this Special Issue. The submission deadline is 31 May, 2020 (an extension can be arranged if you are interested). If you are able to contribute, please let me or [email protected] know, and we will be happy to provide additional details.

Dr. Chanwoo Park
Prof. Dr. Gisuk Hwang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thermal management
  • temperature control
  • heat transfer enhancement
  • cooling
  • rechargeable batteries
  • electronics
  • electrical vehicles
  • electrical aircraft.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 558 KiB  
Article
An Optimized Fuzzy Controlled Charging System for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Genetic Algorithm
by György Károlyi, Anna I. Pózna, Katalin M. Hangos and Attila Magyar
Energies 2022, 15(2), 481; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15020481 - 10 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1673
Abstract
Fast charging is an attractive way of charging batteries; however, it may result in an undesired degradation of battery performance and lifetime because of the increase in battery temperature during fast charge. In this paper we propose a simple optimized fuzzy controller that [...] Read more.
Fast charging is an attractive way of charging batteries; however, it may result in an undesired degradation of battery performance and lifetime because of the increase in battery temperature during fast charge. In this paper we propose a simple optimized fuzzy controller that is responsible for the regulation of the charging current of a battery charging system. The basis of the method is a simple dynamic equivalent circuit type model of the Li-ion battery that takes into account the temperature dependency of the model parameters, too. Since there is a tradeoff between the charging speed determined by the value of the charging current and the increase in temperature of the battery, the proposed fuzzy controller is applied for controlling the charging current as a function of the temperature. The controller is optimized using a genetic algorithm to ensure a jointly minimal charging time and battery temperature increase during the charging. The control method is adaptive in the sense that we use parameter estimation of an underlying dynamic battery model to adapt to the actual status of the battery after each charging. The performance and properties of the proposed optimized charging control system are evaluated using a simulation case study. The evaluation was performed in terms of the charge profiles, using the fitness values of the individuals, and in terms of the charge performance on the actual battery. The proposed method has been evaluated compared to the conventional contant current-constant voltage methods. We have found that the proposed GA-fuzzy controller gives a slightly better performance in charging time while significantly decreasing the temperature increase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems)
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20 pages, 6883 KiB  
Article
Thermal Switch Based on an Adsorption Material in a Heat Pipe
by Markus Winkler, Christian Teicht, Patrick Corhan, Angelos Polyzoidis, Kilian Bartholomé, Olaf Schäfer-Welsen and Sandra Pappert
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5130; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14165130 - 19 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2215
Abstract
For many applications, the possibility of controlling heat flow by “thermal switching” could be very beneficial. Several concepts for heat switches were already proposed and tested, however, many drawbacks of these concepts are evident. In this work, we present a novel approach for [...] Read more.
For many applications, the possibility of controlling heat flow by “thermal switching” could be very beneficial. Several concepts for heat switches were already proposed and tested, however, many drawbacks of these concepts are evident. In this work, we present a novel approach for thermal switching using a water-loaded adsorbent as part of the evaporator of a heat pipe. The basic idea is that the adsorbent releases water upon exceeding a certain evaporator temperature, and thus “activates” the heat pipe by providing the working fluid for thermal transport. The first part of this work concentrates on the adsorbent characterization by analyzing the adsorption isobars and isotherms and thus understanding the behavior of the system. Furthermore, a model to predict the release of water from the adsorbent in dependence of temperature was developed. Subsequently, the adsorbent was integrated into an actual heat pipe demonstrator to verify these predictions and demonstrate the thermal switching ability. Overall results revealed a very good agreement between the predictions concerning water release and the heat pipe’s thermal behavior. The obtained thermal switching ratio depends on the heating power and temperature range that is considered. Depending on whether evaporator/condenser or the adiabatic zone are considered, average switching ratios of circa 3 and 18 were found, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems)
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17 pages, 2206 KiB  
Article
The Integrated Component-System Optimization of a Typical Thermal Management System by Combining Empirical and Heat Current Methods
by Junhong Hao, Youjun Zhang and Nian Xiong
Energies 2020, 13(23), 6347; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en13236347 - 01 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
Integration of modeling and optimization of a thermal management system simultaneously depends on heat transfer performance of the components and the topological characteristics of the system. This paper introduces a heat current method to construct the overall heat current layout of a typical [...] Read more.
Integration of modeling and optimization of a thermal management system simultaneously depends on heat transfer performance of the components and the topological characteristics of the system. This paper introduces a heat current method to construct the overall heat current layout of a typical double-loop thermal management system. We deduce the system heat transfer matrix as the whole system constraint based on the overall heat current layout. Moreover, we consider the influences of structural and operational parameters on the thermal hydraulic performances of each heat exchanger by combining the empirical correlations of the heat transfer and pressure drop. Finally, the minimum pressure drop is obtained by solving these optimal governing equations derived by the Lagrange multiplier method considering the physical constraints and operational conditions. The optimization results show that the minimum pressure drop reduces about 8.1% with the optimal allocation of mass flow rates of each fluid. Moreover, the impact analyses of structural and operating parameters and boundary conditions on the minimum and optimal allocation present that the combined empirical correlation-heat current method is feasible and significant for achieving integrated component-system modeling and optimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems)
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Review

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45 pages, 10801 KiB  
Review
Theory and Practices of Li-Ion Battery Thermal Management for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
by Rajib Mahamud and Chanwoo Park
Energies 2022, 15(11), 3930; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15113930 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3740
Abstract
This article surveys the mathematical principles essential for understanding the thermal management of Li-ion batteries, the current technological state of the art, and the solution. Since the thermal management of electric drive vehicles has environmental, economic, and safety impacts, this review focuses on [...] Read more.
This article surveys the mathematical principles essential for understanding the thermal management of Li-ion batteries, the current technological state of the art, and the solution. Since the thermal management of electric drive vehicles has environmental, economic, and safety impacts, this review focuses on the efficient methods of battery thermal management (BTM) that were proposed to overcome the major challenges in the electric vehicle industry. The first section examines the perspective of battery-driven vehicles, the principles of Li-ion batteries with a thermal runaway, and their implication for battery safety. The second section discusses mathematical approaches for effective BTM modeling, including the thermal-fluidic network model, lumped capacitance model, spatial resolution lumped capacitance model, equivalent circuit model, impedance-based model, and data-driven model. The third section presents the current state-of-the-art technologies, including air-based, liquid-based, PCM-based, in situ BTM methods, and heat pipe and thermoelectric module-based methods. The conclusion section summarizes the findings from existing research and the possible future directions to achieve and employ better thermal management techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems)
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29 pages, 5595 KiB  
Review
A Review of the Power Battery Thermal Management System with Different Cooling, Heating and Coupling System
by Xingxing Wang, Shengren Liu, Yujie Zhang, Shuaishuai Lv, Hongjun Ni, Yelin Deng and Yinnan Yuan
Energies 2022, 15(6), 1963; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15061963 - 08 Mar 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5478
Abstract
The battery thermal management system is a key skill that has been widely used in power battery cooling and preheating. It can ensure that the power battery operates safely and stably at a suitable temperature. In this article, we summarize mainly summarizes the [...] Read more.
The battery thermal management system is a key skill that has been widely used in power battery cooling and preheating. It can ensure that the power battery operates safely and stably at a suitable temperature. In this article, we summarize mainly summarizes the current situation for the research on the thermal management system of power battery, comprehensively compares and analyzes four kinds of cooling systems including air cooling, liquid cooling, phase-change materials and heat pipe, two types of heating systems including internal heating and external heating, and the corresponding characteristics of the coupled system in no less than two ways. It is found that liquid cooling system and its heating system, phase-change material cooling system and it is heating system, heat pipe cooling system, coupling cooling system and its heating system have great research prospects, it also provides a certain reference for future research directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management of Battery and Electronic Systems)
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