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Energies
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High-Efficiency Thermal-Storage Devices and Systems
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High-Efficiency Thermal-Storage Devices and Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 5069

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Piotr Kolasiński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Thermodynamics and Renewable Energy Sources, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: ORC systems; energy storage; waste-energy recovery; heat transfer; technical thermodynamics; volumetric machines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Magdalena Nemś

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Thermodynamics and Renewable Energy Sources, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: solar energy; heat accumulation; integration of renewable energy sources with the building; HVAC; TRNSYS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Activities aimed at improving the operating conditions and increasing the energy efficiency of devices and systems applied for energy conversion have become one of the most important research topics related to modern power engineering. Thermal energy storage devices (TES-D) and systems (TES-S) are considered possible solutions for storing thermal energy and improving the energy efficiency and operating conditions for different energy systems utilizing various fuels as well as alternative energy sources (i.e., renewable and waste energies), such as solar collectors or organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems. The design of TES-S and TES-D is, to some extent, similar to the design of classical heat exchangers and regenerators. However, the design and implementation of highly efficient TES-D and TES-S is challenging. There are many scientific issues related to the design and optimization of the system configuration, selection of heat-storage materials and working substances. Therefore, there is a need for continuous progress in modeling, experimental and optimization studies related to TES-S aimed at obtaining high storage and energy-conversion efficiency. Detailed analysis related to different physical processes that form the basis of TES-D and TES-S operation should also be conducted in order to achieve the final goal of high efficiency.

This Special Issue aims to publish high-quality research and review papers related to different fields of science connected with thermal-energy-storage devices and systems.

The topics include but are not limited to:

  • Experimental and modeling activities related to thermal-energy storage devices and systems;
  • The design and optimization of thermal-energy-storage devices and systems;
  • Thermal-energy-storage materials;
  • Renewable- and waste-energy harvesting with the application of thermal-energy-storage devices and systems;
  • Numerical modeling;
  • Ecological aspects related to thermal-energy storage.

Prof. Dr. Piotr Kolasiński
Prof. Dr. Magdalena Nemś
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thermal-energy storage
  • phase-change materials
  • modelling
  • thermodynamic analysis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2253 KiB  
Article
Sizing the Thermal Energy Storage Device Utilizing Phase Change Material (PCM) for Low-Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle Systems Employing Selected Hydrocarbons
by Sindu Daniarta, Magdalena Nemś, Piotr Kolasiński and Michał Pomorski
Energies 2022, 15(3), 956; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030956 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1750
Abstract
Thermal energy storage (TES) looks to be a promising technology for recovering waste heat or other intermittent heat sources, especially if it is coupled with the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. This system may use a variety of heat storage materials, including solids, [...] Read more.
Thermal energy storage (TES) looks to be a promising technology for recovering waste heat or other intermittent heat sources, especially if it is coupled with the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. This system may use a variety of heat storage materials, including solids, liquids, and phase change materials (PCM). This article discusses the use of PCM as a thermal energy storage material in TES systems coupled with ORC systems. Other TES configurations may be used in ORC; however, in this article, the TES is solely used in heat exchangers, i.e., evaporator and liquid heater. The goal of this research is to establish a dimensionless storage mass parameter for sizing TES-evaporator (TES-EVA) or TES-liquid heater (TES-LH) devices for ORCs. Furthermore, the model of this system was created in the MATLAB environment using the chosen hydrocarbons as ORC working fluids. The obtained modelling results provide a novel point of view that scientists and engineers may employ while developing the TES-EVA or TES-LH utilizing PCM for ORC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Efficiency Thermal-Storage Devices and Systems)
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15 pages, 1414 KiB  
Article
A Calibration of the Solar Load Ratio Method to Determine the Heat Gain in PV-Trombe Walls
by Roberto Bruno, Piero Bevilacqua, Daniela Cirone, Stefania Perrella and Antonino Rollo
Energies 2022, 15(1), 328; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15010328 - 04 Jan 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
The Trombe wall is a passive system used in buildings that indirectly transfers thermal energy to the adjacent environment by radiation and convection, and directly by the thermo-circulation that arises in the air cavity delimited between a transparent and an absorbing surface. Nevertheless, [...] Read more.
The Trombe wall is a passive system used in buildings that indirectly transfers thermal energy to the adjacent environment by radiation and convection, and directly by the thermo-circulation that arises in the air cavity delimited between a transparent and an absorbing surface. Nevertheless, the latter is painted black to increase the energy gains, but this produces a negative visual impact and promotes the overheating risk in summer. To mitigate these aspects, a hybrid Trombe wall equipped with PV panels can be employed. The PV installation results in a more pleasing wall appearance and the overheating risk reduces because part of the absorbed solar radiation is transformed into electricity. To determine the actual performance of a such system, transient simulation tools are required to consider properly the wall thermal storage features, variation of the optical properties, air thermo-circulation, and PV power production. Alternatively, regarding the traditional Trombe wall, the literature provides a simplified empirical method based on the dimensionless parameter solar load ratio (SLR) that allows for preliminary evaluations and design. In this paper, the SLR method was calibrated to determine the monthly auxiliary energy to be supplied in buildings equipped with PV-Trombe walls in heating applications. The SLR method was tuned by a multiple linear regression by data provided by TRNSYS simulation that allowed to obtain the energy performances in actual conditions of PV-Trombe walls installed on the same building but located in different localities. The comparison between the TRNSYS results and the calibrated SLR method determined average errors ranging between 0.7% and 1.4%, demonstrating the validity of the proposed methodology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Efficiency Thermal-Storage Devices and Systems)
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15 pages, 10712 KiB  
Article
Energy Savings Analysis for Operation of Steam Cushion System for Sensible Thermal Energy Storages
by Ryszard Zwierzchowski, Olgierd Niemyjski and Marcin Wołowicz
Energies 2022, 15(1), 286; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15010286 - 01 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1317
Abstract
The paper presents an analytical discussion of how to improve the energy efficiency of the steam cushion system operation for a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) tank. The EU’s green deal 2050 target policy requires an increase in the energy efficiency of energy production [...] Read more.
The paper presents an analytical discussion of how to improve the energy efficiency of the steam cushion system operation for a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) tank. The EU’s green deal 2050 target policy requires an increase in the energy efficiency of energy production and use, as well as an increase in the share of renewable energy in the overall energy production balance. The use of energy-efficient TES is considered as one of the most important technologies to achieve the objectives of this EU policy. The analyses presented in the paper of energy-efficient operation of steam cushion (SC) systems were carried out by using operational data received from three District Heating Systems (DHSs) that supply heat and electricity to one of the largest cities in Poland and are equipped with the TES systems. These three analyzed TESs differ in capacities from 12,800 to 30,400 m3, tank diameters from 21 to 30 m and shell height from 37 to 48.2 m. The main purpose of using a steam cushion system in the TES tank is to protect the water stored in it against the absorption of oxygen from the surrounding atmospheric air through the surge chamber and safety valves located on the roof of the tank. The technical solutions presented here for the upper orifice for charging and discharging hot water into/from the tank and the suction pipe for circulating water allow to us achieve significant energy savings in the steam cushion systems. Both the upper orifice and the end of suction pipe are movable through the use of pontoons. Thanks to the use of this technical solution, a stable insulating water layer is created above the upper orifice in the upper part of the TES tank, where convective and turbulent transport of heat from the steam cushion space to the hot water stored in the tank is significantly limited. Ultimately, this reduces the heat flux by approximately 90% when compared to the classic technical solutions of steam cushion systems in TES tanks, i.e., for the upper orifice and circulation water pipe. The simplified analysis presented in the paper and comparison of its results with experimental data for heat flow from the steam cushion space to hot water stored in the upper part of the TES tank fully confirms the usefulness of the heat-flow models used. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Efficiency Thermal-Storage Devices and Systems)
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