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Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy
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Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F1: Electrical Power System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9587

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vijay Sood

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada
Interests: HVDC and FACTS controllers for power transmission systems; modeling of power electronics converters; control and protection of power systems; microgrids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Héctor Chávez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Estación Central, Santiago 9160000, Chile
Interests: Power Systems Dynamics, Renewable Energy
Dr. Harold R. Chamorro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering at KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: low-inertia power systems; power systems dynamics; renewable energy; resiliency; HVDC; microgrids; network control systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this issue, we are aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the systemic impacts of renewable energy integration on power system dynamic stability. Most renewable energy sources are integrated to power systems through power electronic converters, with low to zero contribution to power system inertia and frequency control. This reduction in inertia and frequency control impacts the dynamic stability margins of power system operation, which has captured particular attention from power system ISO/TSOs. The topics considered by this Special Issue include but are not limited to the following:

  • Simulation-based/offline power system dynamic stability assessments for increasing integration of renewable energy;
  • Power system inertia and frequency control frameworks to increase the dynamic stability margins of power systems under the integration of renewable energy;
  • Estimation and data analytics/machine learning-based/offline tools to increase the situation awareness of power system dynamic stability margins under the integration of renewable energy;
  • Synthetic/virtual inertia, energy storage approaches to increase the contribution of power electronic converters to power system dynamic stability.

Prof. Vijay K. Sood
Dr. Héctor Chávez
Dr. Harold Rene Chamorro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Power system stability and control
  • Power system estimation 
  • Applied data analytics 
  • Applied machine learning

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4019 KiB  
Article
Data-Driven, Web-Based Parameter Identification for a Reduced-Order Model of the Chilean Power System
by Juan Quiroz, Luis Gonzalez, Hector Chavez and Felix Segundo
Energies 2022, 15(9), 3384; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15093384 - 06 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1277
Abstract
The current need for power-system control-room operational tools to increase real-time situational awareness has led to various proposals on data analytics algorithms to obtain operational information from SCADA and PMU power system networks. Most of the proposals are implemented in simulation, with reduced [...] Read more.
The current need for power-system control-room operational tools to increase real-time situational awareness has led to various proposals on data analytics algorithms to obtain operational information from SCADA and PMU power system networks. Most of the proposals are implemented in simulation, with reduced practical significance for system operators. This work proposes a web-based simple algorithm to identify the dynamic parameters of a reduced-order model of power system frequency dynamics that is implemented with industrial hardware on a PMU network in the Chilean power system. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed tool, the algorithm is implemented in a web page with real-time monitoring of the frequency of the Chilean power system, so that utilities and academic institutions with access to PMU measurements can apply the proposed concepts regardless of the topology of the monitored system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy)
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18 pages, 927 KiB  
Article
Predictive Control-Based NADIR-Minimizing Algorithm for Solid-State Transformer
by Carlos Fuentes, Hector Chavez and Mario R. Arrieta Paternina
Energies 2022, 15(1), 73; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15010073 - 23 Dec 2021
Viewed by 2111
Abstract
Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are becoming an important solution to control active distribution systems. Their significant flexibility in comparison with traditional magnetic transformers is essential to ensure power quality and protection coordination at the distribution level in scenarios of large penetration of distributed energy [...] Read more.
Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are becoming an important solution to control active distribution systems. Their significant flexibility in comparison with traditional magnetic transformers is essential to ensure power quality and protection coordination at the distribution level in scenarios of large penetration of distributed energy resources such as renewables, electric vehicles and energy storage. However, the power electronic interface of SSTs decouples the nature of the inertial and frequency responses of distribution loads, deteriorating the frequency stability, especially under the integration of large-scale solar and wind power plants. Despite the virtual inertia/voltage sensitivity-based algorithms that have been proposed, the frequency sensitivity of loads and the capability of guaranteeing optimal control, considering the operating restrictions, have been overlooked. To counteract this specific issue, this work proposes a predictive control-driven approach to provide SSTs with frequency response actions by a strategy that harnesses the voltage and frequency sensibility of distribution loads and considers the limitations of voltage and frequency given by grid codes at distribution grids. In particular, the control strategy is centered in minimizing the NADIR of frequency transients. Numerical results are attained employing an empirically-validated model of the power system frequency dynamics and a dynamic model of distribution loads. Through proportional frequency control, the results of the proposed algorithm are contrasted. It is demonstrated that the NADIR improved about 0.1 Hz for 30% of SST penetration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy)
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13 pages, 479 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Aging-Preventive Algorithms on BESS Sizing under AGC Performance Standards
by Cristobal Morales, Augusto Lismayes, Hector Chavez, Harold R. Chamorro and Lorenzo Reyes-Chamorro
Energies 2021, 14(21), 7231; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14217231 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1228
Abstract
It is normally accepted that Battery Energy Storage Systems improve frequency regulation by providing fast response to the Automatic Generation Control. However, currently available control strategies may lead to early Energy Storage Systems aging given that Automatic Generation Control requirements are increasing due [...] Read more.
It is normally accepted that Battery Energy Storage Systems improve frequency regulation by providing fast response to the Automatic Generation Control. However, currently available control strategies may lead to early Energy Storage Systems aging given that Automatic Generation Control requirements are increasing due to zero carbon power generation integration. In this sense, it is important to analyze the aging phenomena in order to assess the technical–economical usefulness of Battery Energy Storage Systems towards zero carbon power systems. In order to avoid early aging, various proposals on aging-reducing algorithms can be found; however, it is unclear if those aging-reducing algorithms affect the performance of Battery Energy Storage Systems. It is also unclear whether those effects must be internalized to properly dimension the capacity of Battery Energy Storage Systems to both comply with performance standards and to prevent early aging. Thus, this paper estimates the storage capacity of a Battery Energy Storage Systems to comply with Automatic Generation Control performance standard under aging-reducing operating algorithms by dynamics simulations of a reduced-order, empirically-validated model of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas. The results show the relationship between the required performance of Automatic Generation Control and Battery Energy Storage System capacity, considering a 1-year simulation of Automatic Generation Control dynamics. It can be concluded that the compliance with performance standards is strongly related to the storage capacity, regardless of how fast the device can inject or withdraw power from the grid. Previous results in the state-of-the-art overlook the quantification of this relationship between compliance with performance standards and storage capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy)
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21 pages, 4198 KiB  
Article
A Real-Time Energy Management System Design for a Developed PV-Based Distributed Generator Considering the Grid Code Requirements in Turkey
by Gökay Bayrak, Davut Ertekin, Hassan Haes Alhelou and Pierluigi Siano
Energies 2021, 14(20), 6684; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14206684 - 15 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1800
Abstract
Each country must determine the Grid Code conditions and apply these criteria to integrate distributed generation (DG) systems into the existing electricity grid and to ensure a stable power system. Thus, experimental studies are required to provide an effective, national, and specific Grid [...] Read more.
Each country must determine the Grid Code conditions and apply these criteria to integrate distributed generation (DG) systems into the existing electricity grid and to ensure a stable power system. Thus, experimental studies are required to provide an effective, national, and specific Grid Code. In this study, the Turkish Grid Code’s electrical criteria were examined, and the application of these criteria was carried out on a developed PV-based DG. A real-time energy management system (RTEMS) was proposed in the study. Electrical parameters on the developed DG were monitored in real-time by considering IEEE 1547, IEEE 929–2000, and Turkey’s electrical criteria. A practical grid code study was firstly investigated in detail about the Turkish Grid Code by a developed real-time monitoring-control and protection system. The proposed RTEMS method in the study is implemented as an inverter-resident system; thus, it provides advantages over many energy management systems embedded in the inverter. The degradation in power quality and non-detection zone (NDZ) problems encountered in active and passive island mode detection methods developed embedded in the inverter are eliminated in the proposed method. With the RTEMS method, where under and over-voltage, under and over voltage frequency, and unintentional island mode events can be detected in real-time, both the existing grid-code requirements are met, and the existing power quality and NDZ problem is eliminated with the recommended inverter-independent RTEMS method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy)
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19 pages, 3986 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Voltage Stability Assessment in Remote Island Power System with Renewable Energy Resources and Virtual Synchronous Generator
by Akito Nakadomari, Ryo Miyara, Talal Alharbi, Natarajan Prabaharan, Shriram Srinivasarangan Rangarajan, Edward Randolph Collins and Tomonobu Senjyu
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5851; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14185851 - 16 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1679
Abstract
Increasing the proportion of renewable energy generations in remote island power systems is becoming essential for realizing decarbonized society. However, since inverter-connected renewable energies have different generation characteristics from conventional generators, the massive penetration can adversely affect system stability. In particular, fault events [...] Read more.
Increasing the proportion of renewable energy generations in remote island power systems is becoming essential for realizing decarbonized society. However, since inverter-connected renewable energies have different generation characteristics from conventional generators, the massive penetration can adversely affect system stability. In particular, fault events in such weak remote systems can cause fast voltage collapse, and there is a need to assess dynamic voltage stability. This study attempts dynamic voltage stability assessment using the critical boundary index (CBI) and investigates the impact of the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) on dynamic voltage stability. A remote island power system and VSG are modeled, and time-domain simulations are conducted with case studies of fault events. The simulation results show the potential of CBI to use for dynamic voltage stability assessment. Furthermore, the VSG can provide suitable power output during fault events and improve dynamic voltage stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power System Dynamics with Renewable Energy)
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