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Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B3: Carbon Emission and Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 February 2022) | Viewed by 10116

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Dr. Amy Brunsvold

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Guest Editor

Department of Gas Technology, SINTEF Energy Research, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: CO₂ capture; CO₂ transport; CO₂ storage; materials science; techno-economic methodologies; chemistry; thermodynamics; kinetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is a call for papers for a Special Issue on “Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment.” CCS is a critical technology and is instrumental in all realistic future scenarios aiming to curb global warming. In the EU alone, it is estimated that without CCS, the cost of reaching its CO₂ reduction target for power would increase by at least €1.2 trillion, while its target for industry would simply not be achievable without CCS. For many industrial sectors, CCS is the only means of achieving deep emission cuts, while maintaining a competitive economy. Despite progress in the number of large-scale, integrated CCS projects across the globe, the development of CCS at a significant scale has yet to begin. CCS deployment needs to be accelerated and supported by targeted research to increase the number of large-scale CCS projects required to meet climate targets.

This Special Issue aims to present current advances that can accelerate CCS deployment, such as by reducing the cost of CCS, derisking the CCS value chain, and scaling up CCS. Subject areas welcomed include, but are not limited to, the following aspects:

Results and/or recommendations from large-scale CCS projects
CO₂ separation technologies, including hybrid technologies
CO₂ transport and storage (including networks and infrastructure)
Techno-economic assessments and process modelling
Social science aspects, legal and regulatory frameworks for CCS, and potential business cases.

Dr. Amy Brunsvold
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

CO₂ capture
Integrated CCS
CO₂ transport and storage

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 5023 KiB

Open AccessArticle

CO₂ Capture from IGCC by Low-Temperature Synthesis Gas Separation

by David Berstad, Geir Skaugen, Simon Roussanaly, Rahul Anantharaman, Petter Nekså, Kristin Jordal, Stian Trædal and Truls Gundersen

Energies 2022, 15(2), 515; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15020515 - 12 Jan 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2511

Abstract

Capture conditions for CO₂ vary substantially between industrial point sources. Depending on CO₂ fraction and pressure level, different capture technologies will be required for cost- and energy-efficient decarbonisation. For decarbonisation of shifted synthesis gas from coal gasification, several studies have identified low-temperature CO₂ capture by condensation and phase separation as an energy- and cost-efficient option. In the present work, a process design is proposed for low-temperature CO₂ capture from an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant. Steady-state simulations were carried out and the performance of the overall process, as well as major process components, were investigated. For the baseline capture unit layout, delivering high-pressure CO₂ at 150 bar, the net specific power requirement was estimated to 273 kJ_e/kg_CO2, and an 85% CO₂ capture ratio was obtained. The impact of 12 different process parameters was studied in a sensitivity analysis, the results of which show that compressor and expander efficiencies, as well as synthesis gas separation temperature, have the highest impact on power requirements. Modifying the process to producing cold liquid CO₂ for ship transport resulted in 16% increase in net power requirements and is well suited for capturing CO₂ for ship transport. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment)

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15 pages, 6404 KiB

Open AccessArticle

CO₂ Liquefaction Close to the Triple Point Pressure

by Stian Trædal, Jacob Hans Georg Stang, Ingrid Snustad, Martin Viktor Johansson and David Berstad

Energies 2021, 14(24), 8220; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14248220 - 07 Dec 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2804

Abstract

For vessel-based transport of liquid CO₂ in carbon capture and storage chains, transport at 8 bar(a) enable significant cost reductions compared to transport at higher pressures for most transport distances and volumes. Transport at even lower pressures could further reduce the costs. There are, however, concerns related to dry ice formation and potential clogging in parts of the chain that could lead to operational issues when operating close to the triple point pressure of CO₂. In this paper, results from an experimental campaign to de-risk and gain operational experience from the low-pressure CO₂ liquefaction process are described. Six experiments using pure CO₂ or CO₂/N₂ mixtures are presented. In four of the experiments, the liquid product pressure was continuously lowered until dry ice was detected and eventually clogged the system. In the final two experiments, the liquefaction process was run in steady-state at low liquefaction pressures for five hours to ensure that there is no undetected dry ice in the process that could lead to accumulation and operational issues over time. These experiments demonstrate that pure CO₂ can be safely liquefied at 5.8 bar(a) and a CO₂/N₂ mixture can be liquefied at 6.5 bar(a) without issues related to dry ice formation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment)

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14 pages, 907 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stakeholders’ Risk Perceptions of Decarbonised Energy System: Insights into Patterns of Behaviour

by Farid Karimi

Energies 2021, 14(21), 7205; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14217205 - 02 Nov 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2065

Abstract

According to EU goals and the Paris Agreement, an urgent need exists for reducing CO₂ emissions while still securing energy supply. Thus, the timely deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is seemingly unavoidable, especially for the cement and steel industries. However, diverse perceptions of CCS among stakeholders such as experts, politicians, and laypeople exist that could hinder the deployment of the technology. Hence, it is worthwhile to recognise these diverse perceptions and their roots. In the studies on risk perceptions, the emphasis has been mostly on the public, as well as factors that influence the public, such as knowledge dissemination and trust. Although these are crucial elements, they are not enough to explain the complexity of risk perceptions. In contrast to the mainstream research, this paper hypothesises that both laypeople and experts are affected by common cultural denominators, therefore, might have similar patterns of risk perceptions. This research suggests a framework that explains the role of societal culture in risk governance, arguing that thrifty, uncertainty avoidant, hierarchical societies tend to have a higher risk perception of CCS. This study is based on a synthesis of the earlier research, an extensive literature review, and an analysis of interviews data. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment)

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17 pages, 510 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Techno-Economic Aspects of Noble Gases as Monitoring Tracers

by Ulrich Wolfgang Weber, Niko Kampman and Anja Sundal

Energies 2021, 14(12), 3433; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14123433 - 10 Jun 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1707

Abstract

A comprehensive monitoring program is an integral part of the safe operation of geological

{CO}_{2}

storage projects. Noble gases can be used as geochemical tracers to detect a

{CO}_{2}

anomaly and identify its origin, since they display unique signatures in the [...] Read more.

A comprehensive monitoring program is an integral part of the safe operation of geological

{CO}_{2}

storage projects. Noble gases can be used as geochemical tracers to detect a

{CO}_{2}

anomaly and identify its origin, since they display unique signatures in the injected

{CO}_{2}

and naturally occurring geological fluids and gases of the storage site complex. In this study, we assess and demonstrate the suitability of noble gases in source identification of

{CO}_{2}

anomalies even when natural variability and analytical uncertainties are considered. Explicitly, injected

{CO}_{2}

becomes distinguishable from shallow fluids (e.g., subsea gas seeps) due to its inheritance of the radiogenic signature (e.g., high He) of deep crustal fluids by equilibration with the formation water. This equilibration also results in the

{CO}_{2}

inheriting a distinct Xe concentration and Xe/noble gas elemental ratios, which enable the

{CO}_{2}

to be differentiated from deep crustal hydrocarbon gases that may be in the vicinity of a storage reservoir. However, the derivation has uncertainties that may make the latter distinction less reliable. These uncertainties would be best and most economically addressed by coinjection of Xe with a distinct isotope ratio into the

{CO}_{2}

stream. However, such a tracer addition would add significant cost to monitoring programs of currently operating storage projects by up to 70% (i.e., from 1 $US/t to 1.7 $US/t). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment)

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