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Dr. Yingda Lu

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Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
Interests: production engineering; multiphase flow; flow assurance; paraffin deposition; asphaltene deposition; hydrate; rheology; complex fluids; multiscale modeling; molecular simulation

Dr. Kristofer Paso

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The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Trondheim, Norway
Interests: self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers; biopolymer structure, phase transitions, and rheology; polymeric steric/entropic repulsion in colloidal systems; nanocellulose chemistry, alteration, and performance
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Dear Colleagues,

Wax is a natural constituent of many crude oils and gas condensates. The precipitation of waxy components from crude oils or gas condensates at low temperatures can manifest into various flow assurance issues that impede safe and efficient oil and gas production. Oil and gas companies spend millions preventing and treating wax-related production issues each year, and this number rises even more if the issues occur in deep-water fields. Understanding the behaviors of waxy oils is vital for developing effective prevention and remediation techniques.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research or review articles on experimental and modeling study of waxy oils. Topics of interests include wax deposition mechanisms, the modeling of wax deposition in single and multiphase flows, the rheology of waxy oils, developing and optimizing remediation and prevention techniques, and the restarting of gelled pipes.

Dr. Yingda Lu
Dr. Kristofer Paso
Guest Editors

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Keywords

flow assurance
wax deposition
waxy gels
rheology of waxy oils
pour point depressants
multiphase wax deposition
pigging
restart of gelled pipes

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2908 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Technology for Preventing the Wax Deposit Formation in Gas-Lift Wells at Offshore Oil and Gas Fields in Vietnam

by Mikhail Konstantinovich Rogachev, Thang Nguyen Van and Aleksandr Nikolaevich Aleksandrov

Energies 2021, 14(16), 5016; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14165016 - 16 Aug 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3170

Abstract

Within the past few decades, the production of high-wax oils at offshore fields in Vietnam has been fraught with severe problems due to the intense formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) in the downhole oil and gas equipment. The formation of organic wax deposits in the tubing string led to a significant decrease in gas-lift wells production, efficiency of compressor units, transport capacity of the piping systems, along with an increase in equipment failure. Subsequently, the efficiency of gas-lift wells dramatically decreased to less than 40% as a whole. The existing methods and technologies for combating organic wax deposit formation in downhole equipment have many advantages. However, their use in producing high-wax anomalous oil does not entirely prevent the wax formation in the tubing string and leads to a significant reduction in oil production, transport capacity, and treatment intervals. The results of theoretical and experimental studies presented in this article demonstrate that a promising approach to improve the efficiency of gas-lift wells during the production of high-wax oil is to use the technology of periodic injection of hot associated petroleum gas (APG) into the annulus of an oil-producing well. The effectiveness of the proposed method of combating wax formation in gas-lift wells highly depends on the combination of a few factors: the determination of wax deposit formation intensity in the well and the implementation of a set of preparatory measures to determine the optimal injection mode of hot APG (flow rate and injection depth) into the annulus between tubing strings and technological pipes. The injection depth of the hot APG should not be less than the depth of wax formation in the tubing string. The optimal injection rate of hot APG is determined by analyzing and mathematically modeling the APG injection system based on well-known thermodynamic laws. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Study of Waxy Oils)

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11 pages, 6044 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis of Alkyl Aliphatic Hydrazine and Application in Crude Oil as Flow Improvers

by Qiang Deng, Michal Slaný, Huani Zhang, Xuefan Gu, Yongfei Li, Weichao Du and Gang Chen

Energies 2021, 14(15), 4703; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14154703 - 03 Aug 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1993

Abstract

In this paper, alkyl aliphatic hydrazine, which is different from traditional polymer fluidity improver, was synthesized from aliphatic hydrazine and cetane bromide, and evaluated as a pour point and viscosity-reducer depressant for crude oil. The evaluation results showed that alkyl aliphatic hydrazone fully reduced the pour point and viscosity of crude oil with the increase of crude oil fluidity. The viscosity reduction rate of crude oil in Jinghe oilfield was 79.6%, and the pour point was reduced by about 11.3 °C. The viscosity reduction rate of crude oil in Xinjiang Oilfield was 74.7%, and the pour point was reduced by 8.0 °C. The long alkyl chain is beneficial to the eutectic of wax in crude oil, and the polar group inhibits the crystal growth, resulting in the decrease of pour point and viscosity. The waste oil is fully recycled into oilfield chemicals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Modeling Study of Waxy Oils)

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