Dear Colleagues,

The ocean is the world’s largest carbon reservoir and plays a dominant role in the regulation of the Earth’s climate system through the storage and transport of heat and the exchange of water and climate-relevant gases with the atmosphere. A variety of interacting physical, chemical, and biological processes regulate the carbon sequestration capacity of the ocean. At present, the ocean is undergoing major changes; over the past 50 years, the ocean has stored 20 times more heat than the atmosphere and has absorbed about 30% of the emitted anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Warming and acidification as a result of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions are expected to impact oceanic circulation, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystem dynamics with likely feedback to the oceanic carbon sink. This Special Issue of Energies invites papers broadly related to understanding, monitoring, and predicting the global carbon cycle in a world of rapidly changing environmental factors.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Functioning of the physical and biological carbon pumps both currently and under projected climate scenarios
• Microbially mediated carbon cycling (microbial loop, viral shunt) and sequestration (microbial carbon pump)
• “Blue carbon” in coastal (sea grasses, mangroves, and salt marshes) and open ocean ecosystems
• Novel technologies and approaches for monitoring the marine carbon cycle (e.g., remote sensing, deep-ocean observation systems).
• Ecosystem modelling
• Climate change mitigation (e.g., carbon capture storage and utilisation, geoengineering, restoration and conservation of habitats highly efficient in “blue carbon” storage)
• Effects of marine resources exploitation on carbon cycling
• Hydrothermal energy transfer and its impact on the ocean carbon cycle
• Plastic as part of the carbon cycle: transport and fate in the marine environment

Dr. Evina Gontikaki
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• marine biogeochemical cycles
• ocean warming and acidification
• biological carbon pump
• marine microbial ecology
• blue carbon
• ecosystem modelling