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Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling...
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Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J1: Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9615

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Bourouis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Interests: absorption refrigeration and heat pumps; heat and mass transfer intensification; passive cooling; membrane contactors and miniaturization; thermoelectricity; hybrid energy harvesting systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit your scientific paper to the Special Issue “Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems” in Energies.

Cooling, heating, and heat-upgrading systems based on ad/absorption or desiccant technologies are recognized for their energy-saving potential when they are driven by residual heat or renewable heat sources such as solar or geothermal energy. Therefore, there is a need to improve heat and mass transfer processes in the components of these systems in order to contribute to their technological development, overcome the barriers that limit their competitiveness and diffusion, and assist in meeting the growing demand for energy and current climate change challenges. This has resulted in an increasing interest in heat and mass transfer enhancement, and the miniaturization of the main components of these systems using passive techniques such as advanced surfaces, membrane contactors, additives, nanofluids, and magnetic fields.

This Special Issue will focus on the ongoing investigations related to the advances in heat and mass exchangers for sorption and desiccant technologies. Scientific papers involving experimental studies, analytical studies, CFD approaches, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Bourouis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ad/absorption cooling/heating systems
  • desiccant systems
  • heat and mass transfer intensification
  • advanced surfaces
  • membrane contactors
  • addives
  • nanofluids
  • miniaturization

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1795 KiB  
Article
Heat Transfer Performance Potential with a High-Temperature Phase Change Dispersion
by Ludger Fischer, Ernesto Mura, Poppy O’Neill, Silvan von Arx, Jörg Worlitschek, Geng Qiao, Qi Li and Yulong Ding
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4899; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14164899 - 11 Aug 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2031
Abstract
Phase change dispersions are useful for isothermal cooling applications. As a result of the phase changes that occur in PCDs, they are expected to have greater storage capacities than those of single-phase heat transfer fluids. However, for appropriate heat exchanger dimensions and geometries [...] Read more.
Phase change dispersions are useful for isothermal cooling applications. As a result of the phase changes that occur in PCDs, they are expected to have greater storage capacities than those of single-phase heat transfer fluids. However, for appropriate heat exchanger dimensions and geometries for use in phase change dispersions, knowledge about the convective heat transfer coefficients of phase change dispersions is necessary. A test unit for measuring the local heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt numbers of PCDs was created. The boundary condition of constant heat flux was chosen for testing, and the experimental heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt numbers for the investigated phase change dispersion were established. Different experimental parameters, such as the electrical wall heat input, Reynolds number, and mass flow rate, were varied during testing, and the results were compared to those of water tests. It was found that, due to the tendency of low-temperature increases in phase change dispersions, the driving temperature difference is greater than that of water. In addition, larger heat storage capacities were obtained for phase change dispersions than for water. Through this experimentation, it was acknowledged that future investigation into the optimised operating conditions must be performed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems)
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20 pages, 4270 KiB  
Article
A Cascade Proportional Integral Derivative Control for a Plate-Heat-Exchanger-Based Solar Absorption Cooling System
by Yeudiel Garcíadealva, Roberto Best, Víctor Hugo Gómez, Alejandro Vargas, Wilfrido Rivera and José Camilo Jiménez-García
Energies 2021, 14(13), 4058; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14134058 - 05 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1843
Abstract
Automatic proportional integral derivative control techniques are applied in a single-stage solar absorption cooling system, showing 3.8 kW (~1 ton) cooling capacity, with a coefficient of performance of 0.6 and −4.1 °C evaporator cooling temperature. It is built with plate heat exchangers as [...] Read more.
Automatic proportional integral derivative control techniques are applied in a single-stage solar absorption cooling system, showing 3.8 kW (~1 ton) cooling capacity, with a coefficient of performance of 0.6 and −4.1 °C evaporator cooling temperature. It is built with plate heat exchangers as main components, using ammonia–water as the working mixture fluid and solar collectors as the main source of hot water. Control tuning was verified with a dynamical simulation model for a solution regarding mass flow stability and temperature control in the solar absorption cooling system. The controller improved steady thermodynamic state and time response. According to experimental cooling temperatures, the system could work in ranges of refrigeration or air-conditioning end-uses, whose operation makes this control technique an attractive option to be implemented in the solar absorption cooling system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems)
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23 pages, 2497 KiB  
Article
Modelling of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer in a Water-Cooled Falling-Film Absorber Working with an Aqueous Alkaline Nitrate Solution
by María E. Álvarez and Mahmoud Bourouis
Energies 2021, 14(7), 1804; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14071804 - 24 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
A theoretical model was developed to investigate a falling-film absorber on horizontal tubes with an aqueous alkaline nitrate solution as working fluid. The absorbent, composed of an aqueous solution of nitrates (Li, K, Na) in salt mass percentages of 53%, 28%, and 19% [...] Read more.
A theoretical model was developed to investigate a falling-film absorber on horizontal tubes with an aqueous alkaline nitrate solution as working fluid. The absorbent, composed of an aqueous solution of nitrates (Li, K, Na) in salt mass percentages of 53%, 28%, and 19% respectively, offers favourable thermal stability, corrosiveness, and heat and mass transfer conditions which can be appropriate for absorption cooling cycles driven by high-temperature heat sources. The mathematical model developed characterises the heat and mass transfer processes and the flow regime effect (droplet-formation, droplet-fall, and falling-film) on the falling-film absorber. The results show the importance of the falling-film and droplet-formation flow regimes in the absorption process. The solution temperature and concentration profiles inside the absorber were established together with their values at the exit. The results obtained by the theoretical model were well in agreement with the experimental data obtained by the authors in a previous study. Deviations in predicting the solution and cooling water temperatures at the absorber exit were around 1 °C and for the concentration of the solution leaving the absorber, around 0.49%. The mathematical model also predicts the absorption rate at 4.7 g·m−2·s−1 for the absorber design and operating conditions used in the present work. This value is 22% higher than the experimental value obtained by the authors in their previous experimental work. The deviation is attributed to approximations incorporated into the model, especially as regards surface wettability and calculation of the mass transfer coefficients for each flow regime. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems)
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16 pages, 3538 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Simulation of an Absorption Cooling System Using a Latent Heat Storage Tank and a Tempering Valve
by Jesús Cerezo, Fernando Lara, Rosenberg J. Romero and Antonio Rodríguez
Energies 2021, 14(5), 1376; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14051376 - 03 Mar 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
The energy consumption for space cooling is growing faster than for any other end-use in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. Energy efficiency is an important topic in the drive to reduce the consumption of electricity, particularly in air conditioning. This [...] Read more.
The energy consumption for space cooling is growing faster than for any other end-use in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. Energy efficiency is an important topic in the drive to reduce the consumption of electricity, particularly in air conditioning. This paper presents a simulation of an absorption cooling system with a parabolic trough collector under dynamic conditions using TRaNsient SYstem Simulation (TRNSYS) software. The thermal analysis seeks to evaluate a storage tank at three different configurations: (1) sensible heat, (2) latent heat, and (3) latent heat incorporating a tempering valve. The latent heat storage tank is a rectangular heat exchanger using MgCl2·6H2O as the phase change material, programmed in EES software; in addition, water and synthetic organic fluid were analyzed as heating fluids. The process was analyzed while varying the solar collector area from 20 to 40 m2 and the storage tank volume from 0.25 to 0.75 m3. The results showed that the solar collector of configuration 1 is unable to satisfy the energy demand. Configuration 2 can satisfy the demand with water and a storage tank volume above 0.50 m3 and 30 m2, while configuration 3 can satisfy the demand above 0.50 m3 and 20 m2 with water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems)
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20 pages, 2679 KiB  
Article
Performance Assessment of an NH3/LiNO3 Bubble Plate Absorber Applying a Semi-Empirical Model and Artificial Neural Networks
by Carlos Amaris, Maria E. Alvarez, Manel Vallès and Mahmoud Bourouis
Energies 2020, 13(17), 4313; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en13174313 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1664
Abstract
In this study, ammonia vapor absorption with NH3/LiNO3 was assessed using correlations derived from a semi-empirical model, and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The absorption process was studied in an H-type corrugated plate absorber working in bubble mode under the conditions [...] Read more.
In this study, ammonia vapor absorption with NH3/LiNO3 was assessed using correlations derived from a semi-empirical model, and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The absorption process was studied in an H-type corrugated plate absorber working in bubble mode under the conditions of an absorption chiller machine driven by low-temperature heat sources. The semi-empirical model is based on discretized heat and mass balances, and heat and mass transfer correlations, proposed and developed from experimental data. The ANN model consists of five trained artificial neurons, six inputs (inlet flows and temperatures, solution pressure, and concentration), and three outputs (absorption mass flux, and solution heat and mass transfer coefficients). The semi-empirical model allows estimation of temperatures and concentration along the absorber, in addition to overall heat and mass transfer. Furthermore, the ANN design estimates overall heat and mass transfer without the need for internal details of the absorption phenomenon and thermophysical properties. Results show that the semi-empirical model predicts the absorption mass flux and heat flow with maximum errors of 15.8% and 12.5%, respectively. Maximum errors of the ANN model are 10.8% and 11.3% for the mass flux and thermal load, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Heat and Mass Exchangers for Thermally Driven Cooling and Heating Systems)
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