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Energies
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Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings
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Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "G: Energy and Buildings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2022) | Viewed by 10320

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Moncef Krarti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Interests: advanced building energy modeling; building energy efficiency; smart building energy technolgies; optimal controls; building integrated renewable energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As Guest Editor of Energies, I am pleased to announce our forthcoming Special Issue on the subject of “Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings”, for which we are now welcoming submissions. Several technologies are now available to improve the energy performance of buildings, including dynamic building envelopes, integrated heating cooling systems, and optimized controls to not only to reduce energy consumption and peak demand but also to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of building loads to the needs of both the occupants and the grid. Moreover, a wide range of applications using the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) represent some of the latest innovative technologies with the potential to enhance the energy efficiency, resiliency, and intelligence of the built environment.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Application of IoT and/or AI for building energy systems;
  • Building integrated photovoltaics systems;
  • Demand response;
  • Dynamic building envelopes (windows, insulation, shading, etc.);
  • Integrated heating and cooling systems (thermal piles, ventilated slabs, etc.);
  • Optimal controls of building energy systems;
  • Smart appliances and building energy systems;
  • Smart thermostats.

Prof. Dr. Moncef Krarti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Built environment 
  • Demand response 
  • Dynamic systems 
  • Energy efficiency 
  • Energy resiliency 
  • Integrated systems 
  • Renewable energy 
  • Optimal controls 
  • Smart systems

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 11912 KiB  
Article
Energy Performance of Integrated Wall and Window Switchable Insulated Systems for Residential Buildings
by Remy Carlier, Mohammad Dabbagh and Moncef Krarti
Energies 2022, 15(3), 1056; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15031056 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1902
Abstract
In this paper, the energy benefits of switchable insulation systems (SIS) are assessed when applied as shades for windows as well as dynamic insulation for exterior walls of residential buildings located in European countries including Belgium and Spain. A series of analyses is [...] Read more.
In this paper, the energy benefits of switchable insulation systems (SIS) are assessed when applied as shades for windows as well as dynamic insulation for exterior walls of residential buildings located in European countries including Belgium and Spain. A series of analyses is performed for detached houses and apartments representing common Belgian residential buildings to determine the energy performance of SIS when deployed to windows and exterior walls and operated using simplified rule-based controls. The analysis results indicate that SIS-integrated windows can achieve significant energy savings for both dwelling types in Belgium, including the elimination of any mechanical cooling and a reduction of up to 44% of heating energy end-use. Moreover, the results show that SIS can offer even more energy efficiency and thermal comfort benefits when deployed to both windows and exterior walls for residential buildings. These energy efficiency benefits are higher, especially for reducing heating needs, for the milder climates of Belgium and Spain. However, it should be noted that the energy performance of SIS could be affected substantially by windows’ orientation and occupants’ behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings)
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25 pages, 6213 KiB  
Article
Energy Performance Evaluation of Shallow Ground Source Heat Pumps for Residential Buildings
by Archan Shah, Moncef Krarti and Joe Huang
Energies 2022, 15(3), 1025; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15031025 - 29 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2616
Abstract
This paper evaluates the energy performance of shallow ground source heat pumps using the state-of-art whole building energy simulation tool. In particular, the paper presents a systematic and easy to implement approach to model the energy performance of shallow and helical ground heat [...] Read more.
This paper evaluates the energy performance of shallow ground source heat pumps using the state-of-art whole building energy simulation tool. In particular, the paper presents a systematic and easy to implement approach to model the energy performance of shallow and helical ground heat exchangers and assess their energy efficiency benefits to heat and cool buildings. The modeling approach is based on the implementation of G-functions, generated using a validated numerical model, in a state-of-art whole building energy simulation tool. Both the numerical model and the simulation tool are applied to assess the energy performance of various shallow geothermal systems designed to meet heating and cooling needs for detached single-family homes in California. Specifically, a series of sensitivity analyses is conducted to determine the energy performance of the shallow geothermal systems in 16 locations representing all California climate zones. It is found that the suitability and the efficiency of the shallow geothermal systems vary widely and depend on several factors including their design specifications as well as the climate conditions. Compared with conventional air-to-air heat pumps, the shallow ground source heat pumps can be more energy efficient in most climate zones in California except those locations with extreme weather conditions resulting in either heating or cooling only operation. Moreover, configurations of shallow ground source heat pumps with 16 boreholes with 6.7 m (22 ft) depth are found to be cost-effective in several California climate zones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings)
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13 pages, 4358 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of the Behavior of Phase Change Materials during Interrupted Phase Change Processes
by Rohit Jogineedi, Kaushik Biswas and Som Shrestha
Energies 2021, 14(23), 8021; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14238021 - 01 Dec 2021
Viewed by 1646
Abstract
This research article explores the behavior of a phase change material (PCM) when it undergoes interrupted melting and freezing, through experimental investigations using a heat flow meter apparatus. A fatty acid-based organic PCM, encapsulated within polyethylene and thin aluminum foil layers, was experimentally [...] Read more.
This research article explores the behavior of a phase change material (PCM) when it undergoes interrupted melting and freezing, through experimental investigations using a heat flow meter apparatus. A fatty acid-based organic PCM, encapsulated within polyethylene and thin aluminum foil layers, was experimentally tested in this study. Experiments were designed to represent multiple interrupted phase change scenarios that could occur within PCMs applied in buildings. The experimental results were analyzed and compared with previously reported assumptions in numerical models dealing with PCM hysteresis and interrupted phase change processes. These comparisons indicated that the assumptions used in the different numerical models considered can capture the interrupted phase change phenomena with varying degrees of accuracy. The findings also highlighted the need for additional experimental research on different phase change processes that can occur in building applications of PCMs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings)
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24 pages, 4976 KiB  
Article
Optimal Control Strategies for Switchable Transparent Insulation Systems Applied to Smart Windows for US Residential Buildings
by Mohammad Dabbagh and Moncef Krarti
Energies 2021, 14(10), 2917; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14102917 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1890
Abstract
This paper evaluates the potential energy use and peak demand savings associated with optimal controls of switchable transparent insulation systems (STIS) applied to smart windows for US residential buildings. The optimal controls are developed based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to identify the automatic [...] Read more.
This paper evaluates the potential energy use and peak demand savings associated with optimal controls of switchable transparent insulation systems (STIS) applied to smart windows for US residential buildings. The optimal controls are developed based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to identify the automatic settings of the dynamic shades. First, switchable insulation systems and their operation mechanisms are briefly described when combined with smart windows. Then, the GA-based optimization approach is outlined to operate switchable insulation systems applied to windows for a prototypical US residential building. The optimized controls are implemented to reduce heating and cooling energy end-uses for a house located four US locations, during three representative days of swing, summer, and winter seasons. The performance of optimal controller is compared to that obtained using simplified rule-based control sets to operate the dynamic insulation systems. The analysis results indicate that optimized controls of STISs can save up to 81.8% in daily thermal loads compared to the simplified rule-set especially when dwellings are located in hot climates such as that of Phoenix, AZ. Moreover, optimally controlled STISs can reduce electrical peak demand by up to 49.8% compared to the simplified rule-set, indicating significant energy efficiency and demand response potentials of the SIS technology when applied to US residential buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings)
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19 pages, 2018 KiB  
Article
Impact of Wall Constructions on Energy Performance of Switchable Insulation Systems
by Remy Carlier, Mohammad Dabbagh and Moncef Krarti
Energies 2020, 13(22), 6068; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en13226068 - 19 Nov 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1745
Abstract
This paper evaluates the potential energy savings when switchable insulation systems (SIS) are applied to walls of residential buildings located in Belgium and other locations in Europe. The study considers two low-energy prototypical dwellings (an apartment and a detached house) that are representative [...] Read more.
This paper evaluates the potential energy savings when switchable insulation systems (SIS) are applied to walls of residential buildings located in Belgium and other locations in Europe. The study considers two low-energy prototypical dwellings (an apartment and a detached house) that are representative of post-2010 constructions and renovations in Belgium. Using an 3R2C-based analysis tool, the performance of both dwellings is evaluated with static and dynamic wall insulation systems. First, the switchable insulating system is described along with its associated simple 2-step rule-based control strategy. Then the modeling strategy and simulation analysis tools are presented. In Belgium, it was found that SIS-integrated walls allow energy savings up to 3.7% for space heating and up to 98% for cooling. Moreover, it was found that to further reduce the energy consumption of SIS-integrated buildings in various European climates, thermal mass placement needs to be considered. By optimizing the placement and the parameters of the various wall layers, it is possible to increase the space heating savings by up to a factor of 4 and those of cooling by up to a factor of 2.5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Energy Efficiency Technologies for High Performance Buildings)
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