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Recent Advances in the Design, Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Low-Emission Burners

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 June 2022) | Viewed by 6876

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zdeněk Jegla

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: applied and enhanced heat transfer; process and power heat transfer equipment (low-emission burners, combustion systems, process fired heaters, boilers, heat exchangers); simulation, optimization, and CFD applications of heat transfer equipment in the process and power industry; process and equipment design and integration for energy savings and emissions reduction; thermal treatment and energy utilization of waste (waste-to-energy); energy savings and environmental protection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Burners are an integral piece of equipment in modern society. They fundamentally affect not only the quality of life of the population, but also energy and product production in most of the world’s industries (e.g., chemical and petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, power), as well as processes and applications of the communal sphere (waste incineration plants, heating plants, laundries, hospitals, etc.). Constantly increasing requirements for the reduction of produced emissions permanently affect and accelerate the research and development of low-emission burners.

The purpose of this Special Edition is to share the latest advances and knowledge in the design, experimental investigations, modeling, and numerical simulations of modern and innovative designs of low-emission burners or their unconventional and efficient operating approaches, methods, and applications contributing to a reduction of the amount of primary produced emissions, to beneficial fuels and oxidizers, to effective applications of transfer and utilization of released thermal energy, and to innovative low-emission burning concepts or strategies.

The topics of interest for this Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • Low-emission burners or burning (innovative designs, concepts, or strategies);
  • Experimental investigations and testing;
  • Advances in modeling and numerical simulations;
  • Virtual prototyping;
  • Unconventional and beneficial fuels and oxidizers and their combustion conditions;
  • Efficient operating methods and applications reducing primary emissions;
  • Effective applications of transfer and utilization of released thermal energy;
  • Innovative or progressive applications of low-emission burners.

Dr. Zdeněk Jegla
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Low-emission burners and burning
  • Innovative designs, concepts, or strategies
  • Virtual prototyping
  • Experimental investigations and testing
  • Advances in modelling and numerical simulations
  • Unconventional and beneficial fuels and oxidizers
  • Efficient operating methods and applications reducing primary emissions
  • Effective applications of transfer and utilization of released thermal energy
  • Progressive applications of low-emission burners

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 647 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Flue Gas Recirculation on CO, PM and NOx Emissions in Pellet Stove Combustion
by Luigi Francesco Polonini, Domenico Petrocelli and Adriano Maria Lezzi
Energies 2023, 16(2), 954; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16020954 - 14 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1496
Abstract
Pellet stoves are popular appliances because they are an affordable technology and because the fuel is easy to store and to use. The increasing concern for environmental issues, however, requires a continuous effort to reduce pollutant levels in the atmosphere. This experimental work [...] Read more.
Pellet stoves are popular appliances because they are an affordable technology and because the fuel is easy to store and to use. The increasing concern for environmental issues, however, requires a continuous effort to reduce pollutant levels in the atmosphere. This experimental work focuses on flue gas recirculation (FGR) as a possible way to improve combustion and decrease the emissions of carbon monoxide CO, particulate matter PM, and nitrogen oxides NOx in order to fulfill European and Italian emission requirements, for NOx in particular. A pellet stove has been tested in several experimental sessions with and without FGR. Pollutant emissions have been measured and analyzed in terms of statistical summaries and instantaneous trends. With FGR, the average CO and PM emissions were found to be 80% and 45% lower than the corresponding emissions without FGR. Results for PM are significant since FGR reduces emissions well below the most restrictive limits enforced in Italy. The analysis of instantaneous emissions in relation to excess air indicated that FGR can considerably reduce emissions, especially at the extremities of the oxygen O2 content range. Optimal ranges of excess air, in terms of O2 in flue gas, were identified for both the tested configurations, in which CO and PM emissions are minimized. The optimal range is 8–9% without FGR, and it decreases to 5–7% with FGR. Finally, a reduction in NOx emissions by about 11% has been observed in the configuration with FGR. Although this reduction seems modest as compared to CO and PM, it is important in that it lowers the emission level to the most severe limit in Italian regulations and indicates an improved FGR system as the solution for further reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Design, Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Low-Emission Burners)
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21 pages, 51607 KiB  
Article
Effects of Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion Methods on Combustion Characteristics of Non-Premixed Swirling Flames
by Pavel Skryja, Igor Hudak, Jiří Bojanovsky, Zdeněk Jegla and Lubomír Korček
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2292; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15062292 - 21 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2289
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to experimentally investigate and compare the characteristics of three oxygen-enhanced combustion (OEC) methods; premix enrichment (PE), air-oxy/fuel combustion (AO), and additionally also oxygen lancing (OL) method. The overall oxygen concentration varied from 21% to 38%. Combustion [...] Read more.
The objective of the present study was to experimentally investigate and compare the characteristics of three oxygen-enhanced combustion (OEC) methods; premix enrichment (PE), air-oxy/fuel combustion (AO), and additionally also oxygen lancing (OL) method. The overall oxygen concentration varied from 21% to 38%. Combustion tests were carried out using the gas burner with the thermal input of 750 kW fired by natural gas. The characteristics of OEC methods, such as the concentration of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in flue gas, in-flame temperatures distribution in the horizontal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber, heat flux to the combustion chamber wall, flue gas temperature, and the stability of flame were investigated. NOx emissions increased by more than 40 times and by 20 times for the PE method. The tests using the AO and OL methods with NOx emissions below 150 mg/Nm3 at all oxygen concentrations showed significantly better results. For all OEC methods, radiative heat transfer increased with increasing oxygen concentration. The available heat was 20% higher at 38% O2 than at 21% O2. The flue gas temperature decreased with increasing oxygen concentration, which was affected by a decrease in N2 concentration in the oxidizer and a simultaneous increase in radiant heat flux. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Design, Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Low-Emission Burners)
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18 pages, 5860 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Inert Fuel Compounds on Flame Characteristics
by Igor Hudák, Pavel Skryja, Jiří Bojanovský, Zdeněk Jegla and Martin Krňávek
Energies 2022, 15(1), 262; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15010262 - 31 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2420
Abstract
To describe the effects of inert compounds in gaseous fuel, experiments on three different process burners (staged fuel burner, staged air burner, and low-calorific burner) were carried out. The tested burners are commercially available, but they were specially designed for experimental usage. Tests [...] Read more.
To describe the effects of inert compounds in gaseous fuel, experiments on three different process burners (staged fuel burner, staged air burner, and low-calorific burner) were carried out. The tested burners are commercially available, but they were specially designed for experimental usage. Tests were carried out in the semi-industrial burner testing facility to investigate the influence of inert gases on the flame characteristics, emissions, and heat flux to the combustion chamber wall. Natural gas was used as a reference fuel, and, during all tests, thermal power of 500 kW was maintained. To simulate the combustion of alternative fuels with lower LHV, N2 and CO2 were used as diluents. The inert gas in the hydrocarbon fuel at certain conditions can lower NOx emissions (up to 80%) and increase heat flux (up to 5%). Once incombustible compounds are present in the fuel, the higher amount of fuel flowing through nozzles affects the flow in the combustion chamber by increasing the Reynolds number. This can change the flame pattern and temperature field, and it can be both positive and negative, depending on actual conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Design, Modeling and Numerical Simulations of Low-Emission Burners)
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