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Dear Colleagues,

Natural gas hydrate occurs worldwide in oceanic sediment of continental and insular slopes and rises of active and passive margins, in deep-water sediment of inland lakes and seas, and in polar sediment on both continents and continental shelves. An overview of the marine natural gas hydrate environments and their characteristics, such as concentration and composition, petrophysical properties, depth, geothermal gradient, and pore water salinity should be considered as a starting point to assess environmental conditions before any operation in natural hydrate reservoirs, such as methane recovery and/or carbon dioxide sequestration. The baseline information (geotechnical, geochemical reactions and fluid-flow, etc.) are indispensable to model and predict the evolution of a reservoir during and after human activities on it, such as CO₂ sequestration and methane recovering. Thus, a multidisciplinary group (geophysicists, geochemists, biologists, modelers) and an interdisciplinary approach are indispensable to characterize a natural gas hydrate reservoir and predict and describe the possible scenarios related to gas hydrate production in order to evaluate the level of risks and to differentiate between natural gas hydrate destabilization (e.g., climate change, continued re-equilibration after ice age) and induced through production activities. This Special Issue aims to collect the most innovative studies and points of view related to all steps of the exploitation of natural gas trapped in natural gas hydrate reservoirs, such as the environmental impact and methane recovery.

Dr. Umberta Tinivella
Dr. Michela Giustiniani
Guest Editors

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Keywords

natural gas hydrate
CO₂ sequestration
baseline
geohazard
environmental impact
multidisciplinarity
interdisciplicarity
blue growth

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

9 pages, 3011 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Amplitude-Preserved Wave Equation: An Example to Image the Gas Hydrate System

by Jiachun You, Sha Song, Umberta Tinivella, Michela Giustiniani and Iván Vargas-Cordero

Energies 2021, 14(12), 3700; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14123700 - 21 Jun 2021

Viewed by 1625

Abstract

Natural gas hydrate is an important energy source. Therefore, it is extremely important to provide a clear imaging profile to determine its distribution for energy exploration. In view of the problems existing in conventional migration methods, e.g., the limited imaging angles, we proposed to utilize an amplitude-preserved one-way wave equation migration based on matrix decomposition to deal with primary and multiple waves. With respect to seismic data gathered at the Chilean continental margin, a conventional processing flow to obtain seismic records with a high signal-to-noise ratio is introduced. Then, the imaging results of the conventional and amplitude-preserved one-way wave equation migration methods based on primary waves are compared, to demonstrate the necessity of implementing amplitude-preserving migration. Moreover, a simple two-layer model is imaged by using primary and multiple waves, which proves the superiority of multiple waves in imaging compared with primary waves and lays the foundation for further application. For the real data, the imaging sections of primary and multiple waves are compared. We found that multiple waves are able to provide a wider imaging illumination while primary waves fail to illuminate, especially for the imaging of bottom simulating reflections (BSRs), because multiple waves have a longer travelling path and carry more information. By imaging the actual seismic data, we can make a conclusion that the imaging result generated by multiple waves can be viewed as a supplementary for the imaging result of primary waves, and it has some guiding values for further hydrate and in general shallow gas exploration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Gas Hydrates as Energy Resource: Prospects and Challenges)

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