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Energies
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Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines
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Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 13550

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jan Kiciński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Distributed Energy, Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: rotor dynamics; bearing systems; renewable energy; distributed cogeneration
Dr. Grzegorz Żywica

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Turbine Dynamics and Diagnostics, Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: rotor dynamics; technical diagnostics; bearing systems; turbomachinery; microturbines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rotating machines are widely used in all industries. They play a key role in many processes and are virtually irreplaceable. For example, in the power industry, various types of turbines and generators are commonly used for power generation, and other rotating machines such as pumps, compressors or fans are used as auxiliary devices. The term "rotating machines" covers many different types of machines, which can vary in terms of function, design, size and power.

In order to meet the ever-increasing requirements regarding the operating parameters and performance of rotating machines, very advanced modelling and analysis methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), or a combination of different methods such as fluid–structure interaction (FSI), are currently used for their design. These methods allow for the computer simulation of different loading conditions that occur during the stable operation of a rotating machine and during transient states. Advanced modelling and simulation methods are not only used to design rotating machines, but they are also widely used for the optimisation of existing designs and in advanced technical diagnostics.

This Special Issue invites high-quality research papers covering a wide range of topics related to the modelling and simulation of rotating machines. We provide an opportunity for researchers to share their original research and review articles based on current findings in the field of numerical analysis covering structural, flow, thermal and electrical phenomena, as well as taking into account various types of interactions. The potential topics also include the analysis of nonlinear phenomena occurring in rotating systems and their components. Practical case studies that consider the application of new modelling and simulation methods are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jan Kiciński
Dr. Grzegorz Żywica
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • rotating machines
  • rotor dynamics
  • bearing systems
  • technical diagnostics
  • turbomachinery
  • microturbines
  • renewable energy
  • modelling and simulation
  • fluid–structure interactions
  • nonlinear analysis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 6202 KiB  
Article
Failure Analysis of a Centrifugal Compressor Impeller Made of 17-4PH Steel in the Moist Hydrogen Sulfide Environment
by Jakub Łagodziński, Zbigniew Kozanecki and Eliza Tkacz
Energies 2022, 15(12), 4183; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15124183 - 07 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2075
Abstract
The impeller under consideration is a rotor wheel of a centrifugal compressor, made of 17-4PH martensitic precipitated hardening stainless steel. Its total operating lifetime was estimated to 80,000 h, but it fractured beforehand, 4 days after the scheduled overhaul without any observed pre-symptoms. [...] Read more.
The impeller under consideration is a rotor wheel of a centrifugal compressor, made of 17-4PH martensitic precipitated hardening stainless steel. Its total operating lifetime was estimated to 80,000 h, but it fractured beforehand, 4 days after the scheduled overhaul without any observed pre-symptoms. The important causes of the failure were its working conditions: a moist H2S environment, the applied shaft fitting stress, and the martensitic structure of its material. In the article the post-failure analysis of an impeller is described, explaining the root cause of the impeller failure by means of both experimental and Finite Element Methods (FEM). Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) was found to be the primary failure mechanism for the impeller under investigation. Details of the investigations and possible corrective measures to improve performance impellers used under harsh environment conditions are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines)
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41 pages, 83617 KiB  
Article
Reduction of Starting Current in Large Induction Motors
by Mathew Habyarimana, David George Dorrell and Remmy Musumpuka
Energies 2022, 15(10), 3848; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15103848 - 23 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7149
Abstract
Large induction motors can have a high inrush and run-up current during starting, often up to ten times the rated current. In weak supplies, this could be a problem, causing system stability issues and the voltage to dip below acceptable levels. In islanded [...] Read more.
Large induction motors can have a high inrush and run-up current during starting, often up to ten times the rated current. In weak supplies, this could be a problem, causing system stability issues and the voltage to dip below acceptable levels. In islanded systems, the capacity could be pulled below its maximum. There are several different starting methods possible, but they are often only suitable for smaller machines. One method not investigated is the use of parallel capacitor compensation during the starting because large induction motors are very inductive during the starting sequence, so that supplying reactive power may be more effective than supplying energy. This paper first investigates several different induction motors with increasing size and assesses their compensation requirements in terms of the reactive power requirement during starting. It is shown that they do generally become more inductive as they increase in size. It is illustrated, using simulations, that using parallel capacitors during starting can significantly reduce the starting current. The concept is tested using a small experimental motor. Series inductors are added to the motor to make it more inductive and look more like a larger machine. The experimental results confirm that the method works. It is also found that the parallel capacitors require series filters to prevent harmonic current, and these can be realized using inductors in series with the compensation capacitors. Point-on switching using solid-state relays was tested, and these can reduce the transient switch-on current over the first voltage cycle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines)
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33 pages, 13951 KiB  
Article
Radial Magnetic Bearings for Rotor–Shaft Support in Electric Jet Engine
by Krzysztof Falkowski, Paulina Kurnyta-Mazurek, Tomasz Szolc and Maciej Henzel
Energies 2022, 15(9), 3339; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15093339 - 04 May 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1880
Abstract
New technologies are being developed to elaborate cutting-edge electrical jet engines to replace classical constructions. These new concepts consider the possibility of using electrical machines both as starters and generators, as well as suspension systems for the turbine shafts of aircraft engines. The [...] Read more.
New technologies are being developed to elaborate cutting-edge electrical jet engines to replace classical constructions. These new concepts consider the possibility of using electrical machines both as starters and generators, as well as suspension systems for the turbine shafts of aircraft engines. The paper will present mathematical analysis regarding active magnetic bearing (AMB) implementation for rotor–shaft support. This technology allows the elimination of friction forces between cooperating kinematic pairs (stator and rotor), reduces the adverse effects of classic bearings, and increases operating speed range and an operational susceptibility. The mathematical and numerical analysis of active magnetic suspension systems are presented. Next, a comparison of the theoretical studies using Comsol Multiphysics software and its experimental verification are described. A discussion regarding the mathematical analysis and experimental effects is also provided. The conclusion summarizes the theoretical and experimental features of heteropolar radial active magnetic bearings in new electric aircraft engines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines)
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17 pages, 4695 KiB  
Article
Balancing of Flexible Rotors Supported on Fluid Film Bearings by Means of Influence Coefficients Calculated by the Numerical Assembly Technique
by Georg Quinz, Michael Klanner and Katrin Ellermann
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2009; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15062009 - 09 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1689
Abstract
In this paper, a new method for the balancing of rotor-bearing systems supported on fluid film bearings is proposed. The influence coefficients necessary for balancing are calculated using a novel simulation method called the Numerical Assembly Technique. The advantages of this approach are [...] Read more.
In this paper, a new method for the balancing of rotor-bearing systems supported on fluid film bearings is proposed. The influence coefficients necessary for balancing are calculated using a novel simulation method called the Numerical Assembly Technique. The advantages of this approach are quasi-analytical solutions for the equations of motion of complex rotor-bearing systems and very low computation times. The Numerical Assembly Technique is extended by speed-dependent stiffness and damping coefficients approximated by the short-bearing theory to model the behavior of rotor systems supported on fluid film bearings. The rotating circular shaft is modeled according to the Rayleigh beam theory. The Numerical Assembly Technique is used to calculate the steady-state harmonic response, influence coefficients, eigenvalues, and the Campbell diagram of the rotor. These values are compared to simulations with the Finite Element Method to show the accuracy of the procedure. Two numerical examples of rotor-bearing systems are successfully balanced by the proposed balancing method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Simulation of Rotating Machines)
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