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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sediment transport is a universal occurrence in various hydrodynamic systems, such as rivers, floods, and coastal flows. It contributes significantly to flow behaviour and can exist in different forms. Even though it is an important phenomenon within natural streams, it is still not well-understood. This Special Issue is dedicated to gathering recent developments in research and technology, and aims to form a useful collection for environmental sediment transport studies. This Special Issue’s scope includes, but is not limited to, the impact of sediment transport to urban watercourses; evolution of morphological and scouring properties within coastal or river systems; contaminant and pollutant transports; and sedimentation and erosion induced by extreme natural flow events, such as in flooded or turbulence conditions. Although this Special Issue targets the state-of-the-art research in analytical and numerical fields, interesting experimental works are also welcome.

Dr. Jaan H. Pu
Prof. Dr. Hazi Azamathulla
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

scouring
morphology processes
flow turbulence
natural environmental flow
sediment transport experiment
analytical modelling
numerical modelling

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1697 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Velocity Profile and Turbulence Structure Measurement Corrections for Sediment Transport-Induced Water-Worked Bed

by Jaan H. Pu

Fluids 2021, 6(2), 86; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/fluids6020086 - 16 Feb 2021

Cited by 32 | Viewed by 2815

Abstract

When using point measurement for environmental or sediment laden flows, there is well-recognised risk for not having aligned measurements that causes misinterpretation of the measured velocity data. In reality, these kinds of mismeasurement mainly happen due to the misinterpretation of bed orientation caused by the complexity of its determination in natural flows, especially in bedload laden or rough bed flows. This study proposes a novel bed realignment method to improve the measured data benchmarking by three-dimensional (3D) bed profile orientation and implemented it into different sets of experimental data. More specifically, the effects of realignment on velocity profile and streamwise turbulence structure measurements were investigated. The proposed technique was tested against experimental data collected over a water-worked and an experimentally arranged well-packed beds. Different from the well-packed rough bed, the water-worked bed has been generated after long sediment transport and settling and hence can be used to verify the proposed bed-alignment technique thoroughly. During the flow analysis, the corrected velocity, turbulence intensity and Reynolds stress profiles were compared to the theoretical logarithmic law, exponential law and linear gravity (universal Reynolds stress distribution) profiles, respectively. It has been observed that the proposed method has improved the agreement of the measured velocity and turbulence structure data with their actual theoretical profiles, particularly in the near-bed region (where the ratio of the flow measurement vertical distance to the total water depth, z/h, is limited to ≤0.4). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Sediment Transport: Methods and Applications)

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Other

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9 pages, 3119 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Sediment Deposition within Rainwater: Case Study Comparison of Four Different Sites in Ikorodu, Nigeria

by Chukwuemeka K. John, Jaan H. Pu, Manish Pandey and Prashanth R. Hanmaiahgari

Fluids 2021, 6(3), 124; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/fluids6030124 - 19 Mar 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1930

Abstract

Building roofs represents a critical pathway for sediment mixing with rainwater. This study aims to explore the correlation between roof-top deposited sediment matter in the different areas of the Ikorodu Local Government Area in Lagos, Nigeria. The deposition rate on the roof was studied for 34 weeks in total (i.e., 17 weekly analyses in the rainy season and 17 weekly analyses in the dry season). The total deposition was collected by a 10 inch funnel and directed into a 5 L container, which was partially filled with sterilised water. The roof-top deposition in four different areas was inspected and analysed. The four areas were selected based on the levels of sanitation and vegetation. The experimental results showed that the enumerated total depositions in different areas were higher in the dry season than the rainy season, with the highest deposition occurring in the Harmattan period. The data obtained from this study have evidenced that the contamination from roof-harvested rainwater can mainly be attributed to atmospheric deposition. Another key factor was the hygiene and sanitation of the harvesting areas, including the gutter, pipes and proximity to animal faeces. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Sediment Transport: Methods and Applications)

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