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Geosciences
Special Issues
Natural and Environmental Hazards of Cultural Heritage
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Natural and Environmental Hazards of Cultural Heritage

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2021) | Viewed by 9715

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Elena Marrocchino

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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental and Prevention Science, University of Ferrara, C.so Ercole I D’Este, 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Interests: cultural heritage; materials characterization; petrochemical analytical techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carmela Vaccaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DISAP, Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, FE, Italy
Interests: mineralogy; microplastic; sediments; clay; isotope geochemistry; environment; earth sciences; food science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chiara Telloli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, Nuclear Safety, Security and Sustainability Division, via Martiri di Monte Sole 4, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Interests: cultural heritage; materials characterization; chemical and isotopical analytical techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cultural heritage is an ensemble of tangible and intangible resources inherited from the past which people identify as their evolving values, beliefs, knowledge, and traditions.

Environmental changes, such as climate change, stronger erosion, and current change can pose a threat to cultural heritage sites, structures, and artefacts. The idea of “preventive conservation” is now the primary focus of cultural preservation worldwide. In the last few decades, the global impact of natural hazards on cultural heritage appears to be growing, which may in part be a response to changes in the intensity and frequency of geomorphological processes in the light of climate and environmental change. Research undertaken at present by geographers, geologists, archaeologists, conservationists, and other specialists, shows significant interest in the protection, assessment, and mitigation of natural risk phenomena on the cultural heritage. However, attempts to evaluate the present state and to predict the future degradation of cultural heritage is a real challenge. For these reasons, multidisciplinary activities are necessary to better understand the phenomena of degradation of the cultural heritage due to both natural and anthropogenic causes and to demonstrate that conservation measures need to be implemented to protect and prevent further degradation of the world's cultural heritage, to preserve a legacy for future generations.

Contributions from all experts around the globe working on cultural heritage science submitted in areas such as archaeometry, characterization techniques, new materials and methodologies, historical studies, conservation, alteration and ageing, climate impact, cultural landscape, geoarchaeology, nautical and underwater archaeology, dating and authenticity, maintenance and sustainability, best practices and legislation, ecological solutions, data management, case studies and other related fields are warmly welcome.

Dr. Elena Marrocchino
Dr. Carmela Vaccaro
Dr. Chiara Telloli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cultural heritage conservation and management
  • Chemical-mineralogical analysis
  • Multi-hazard mapping
  • Monitoring
  • Natural risk
  • Anthropogenic risk
  • Satellite images
  • Geographical information systems

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 82067 KiB  
Article
Chemical Characterization of Particulate Matter in the Renaissance City of Ferrara
by Elena Marrocchino, Chiara Telloli and Antonietta Rizzo
Geosciences 2021, 11(6), 227; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences11060227 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2581
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols are today a key issue in air pollution, mostly related to public health. Two test areas in Ferrara, one in the city center (urban location) and one in the industrial area (industrial location), were studied in June–July 2016 using the SEM [...] Read more.
Atmospheric aerosols are today a key issue in air pollution, mostly related to public health. Two test areas in Ferrara, one in the city center (urban location) and one in the industrial area (industrial location), were studied in June–July 2016 using the SEM technique to identify the environmental impact of some potential pollutant sources. Collection was performed using adhesive tapes applied on the surface of road signs, which allows to select particulate matter moving on air with diffusion movement and to exclude the particles usually deposed by the gravitational process. Dimensional characterization has shown that, usually, smaller particles tend to aggregate themselves in bigger polycrystalline particles with the geometric diameter of up to 10 μm. Micro-analytical data have revealed a wide heterogeneous range of compositions: more abundant silicate followed by carbonate, chlorine, sulphate, carbon, and organic. This preliminary study has highlighted that the Renaissance city of Ferrara is affected by an environmental problem linked to the presence of particulate matter induced by industrial activities, as is the case with some of the most polluted cities in the world. The observations and analytical data pointed out the need for further investigation to better define the features of the fine particulate matter. This will be useful to preserve the cultural heritage of this Medieval-Renaissance city. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Environmental Hazards of Cultural Heritage)
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13 pages, 3980 KiB  
Article
Intermittent but Rapid Changes to Coastal Landscapes: The Tsunami and El Niño Wave-Formed Sea Arch at Laie Point, Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.A.
by Benjamin R. Jordan
Geosciences 2021, 11(3), 147; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences11030147 - 23 Mar 2021
Viewed by 3525
Abstract
Kukuiho’olua Island is an islet that lies 164 m due north of Laie Point, a peninsula of cemented, coastal, Pleistocene and Holocene sand dunes. Kukuiho’olua Island consists of the same dune deposits as Laie Point and is cut by a sea arch, which, [...] Read more.
Kukuiho’olua Island is an islet that lies 164 m due north of Laie Point, a peninsula of cemented, coastal, Pleistocene and Holocene sand dunes. Kukuiho’olua Island consists of the same dune deposits as Laie Point and is cut by a sea arch, which, documented here for first time, may have formed during the 1 April 1946 “April Fools’s Day Tsunami.” The tsunami-source of formation is supported by previous modeling by other authors, which indicated that the geometry of overhanging sea cliffs can greatly strengthen and focus the force of tsunami waves. Additional changes occurred to the island and arch during the 2015–2016 El Niño event, which was one of the strongest on record. During the event, anomalous wave heights and reversed wind directions occurred across the Pacific. On the night of 24–25 February 2016, large storm waves, resulting from the unique El Niño conditions washed out a large boulder that had lain within the arch since its initial formation, significantly increasing the open area beneath the arch. Large waves also rose high enough for seawater to flow over the peninsula at Laie Point, causing significant erosion of its upper surface. These changes at Laie Point and Kukuio’olua Island serve as examples of long-term, intermittent change to a coastline—changes that, although infrequent, can occur quickly and dramatically, potentially making them geologic hazards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Environmental Hazards of Cultural Heritage)
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20 pages, 6029 KiB  
Article
Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Construction Materials from Historical Buildings of Ferrara (Italy)
by Elena Marrocchino, Chiara Telloli and Carmela Vaccaro
Geosciences 2021, 11(1), 31; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/geosciences11010031 - 07 Jan 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2980
Abstract
This paper presents a chemical-mineralogical characterization of construction materials from medieval Renaissance buildings of Ferrara (NE Italy) to provide an insight into the nature and provenance of the raw materials used. Biagio Rossetti was an Italian architect and urbanist from the city of [...] Read more.
This paper presents a chemical-mineralogical characterization of construction materials from medieval Renaissance buildings of Ferrara (NE Italy) to provide an insight into the nature and provenance of the raw materials used. Biagio Rossetti was an Italian architect and urbanist from the city of Ferrara. From 1483, he was the architect of the Duke of Ferrara Ercole I d’Este who in 1492 assigned him the project of enlarging the city of Ferrara. Biagio Rossetti is still famous because he designed and built many notable palaces and churches in Ferrara, e.g., the Palazzo Roverella, the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie and the renovation of the church of San Andrea. To date, only the first two historic buildings are still in use and consequently restored, while the church of San Andrea has been abandoned over the years and the remains have been subject to decay. Different kinds of samples (bricks, cotto, plaster and mortars) were collected from the three sampling sites and analyzed in X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffractometer to investigate the construction materials through the evaluation of their chemical composition, historic building activity and degradation degree. These investigations should provide knowledge useful for restoration and conservation processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Environmental Hazards of Cultural Heritage)
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