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Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 14624

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Je Hyeok Oh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul 06973, Korea
Interests: resuscitation; critical care; acute kidney injury

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although the modern form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was proposed 60 years ago, the quality of CPR clinically used for cases of both out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest is relatively low. In addition, standard postures and methods of CPR, especially for pediatric cardiac arrest victims, have not been described fully in CPR guidelines.

To enhance the outcomes of cardiac arrest patients, the postures and methods of CPR should be standardized to improve the performance and quality of CPR. Developments of effective feedback/monitoring devices are also needed, as are well-designed epidemiological studies and animal studies to reveal the key factors of survival after cardiac arrest and to improve the process of CPR. Nevertheless, limited studies have been published on this topic to date because of paper restrictions and ethical issues around conducting resuscitation research.

In this Special Issue, I would like to invite various types of research on improving the quality of CPR, such as clinical studies, meta-analyses, animal studies, and mechanical studies. I am convinced that such research will enhance the quality of CPR and improve the survival outcomes of cardiac arrest patients.

Dr. Je Hyeok Oh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

heart arrest
out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
post-cardiac arrest syndrome
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
feedback
quality improvement
survival rate

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2421 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Worldviews on Evidence-Based Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Using a Novel Method

by Verónica V. Márquez-Hernández, Lorena Gutiérrez-Puertas, José M. Garrido-Molina, Alba García-Viola, Alfredo Alcayde-García and Gabriel Aguilera-Manrique

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(18), 9536; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18189536 - 10 Sep 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1988

Abstract

The evaluation of scientific content by researchers, as well as the knowledge networks and working groups of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, can help to improve and expand new scientific evidence in this field. The aim of this study was to identify the global scientific publications on cardiopulmonary resuscitation research using a novel method. The method used was based on obtaining bibliographic data automatically from scientific publications through the use of the Scopus Database API Interface. A total of 17,917 results were obtained, with a total of 60,226 reports and 53,634 authors. Six categories were detected with 38.56% corresponding to cardiac arrest, 21.8% to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 17.16% to life-support training and education, 12.45% to ethics and decision-making in cardiac arrest, 4.77% to therapeutic treatment, and 3.72% to life-support techniques. Analyzing and identifying the main scientific contributions to this field of study can make it possible to establish collaboration networks and propose new lines of research, as well as to unify criteria for action. Future research should delve into the analyses of the other elements involved in this area. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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9 pages, 1869 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of the Use of Metronome Feedback on the Quality of Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

by Dongjun Yang, Wongyu Lee and Jehyeok Oh

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(15), 8087; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18158087 - 30 Jul 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2020

Abstract

Although the use of audio feedback with devices such as metronomes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a simple method for improving CPR quality, its effect on the quality of pediatric CPR has not been adequately evaluated. In this study, 64 healthcare providers performed CPR (with one- and two-handed chest compression (OHCC and THCC, respectively)) on a pediatric resuscitation manikin (Resusci Junior QCPR), with and without audio feedback using a metronome (110 beats/min). CPR was performed on the floor, with a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2. For both OHCC and THCC, the rate of achievement of an adequate compression rate during CPR was significantly higher when performed with metronome feedback than that without metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 100.0% (99.0, 100.0) vs. 94.0% (69.0, 99.0), p < 0.001, for OHCC, and 100.0% (98.5, 100.0) vs. 91.0% (34.5, 98.5), p < 0.001, for THCC). However, the rate of achievement of adequate compression depth during the CPR performed was significantly higher without metronome feedback than that with metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 95.0% (23.5, 99.5) vs. 98.5% (77.5, 100.0), p = 0.004, for OHCC, and 99.0% (95.5, 100.0) vs. 100.0% (99.0, 100.0), p = 0.003, for THCC). Although metronome feedback during pediatric CPR could increase the rate of achievement of adequate compression rates, it could cause decreased compression depth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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10 pages, 965 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predictive Utility of Changes in Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter after Cardiac Arrest for Neurologic Outcomes

by Heekyung Lee, Joonkee Lee, Hyungoo Shin, Changsun Kim, Hyuk-Joong Choi and Bo-Seung Kang

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(12), 6567; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18126567 - 18 Jun 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1994

Abstract

The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) can help predict the neurologic outcomes of patients with post-cardiac arrest (CA) return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We aimed to investigate the effect of ONSD changes before and after CA on neurologic outcomes in patients with ROSC after CA using brain computed tomography (CT). The study included patients hospitalized after CA, who had undergone pre- and post-CA brain CT between January 2001 and September 2020. The patients were divided into good and poor neurologic outcome (GNO and PNO, respectively) groups based on their neurologic outcome at hospital discharge. We performed between-group comparisons of the amount and rate of ONSD changes in brain CT and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) to determine their predictive value for neurologic outcomes. Among the 96 enrolled patients, 25 had GNO. Compared with the GNO group, the PNO group showed a significantly higher amount (0.30 vs. 0.63 mm; p = 0.030) and rate (5.26 vs. 12.29%; p = 0.041) of change. The AUC for predicting PNO was 0.64 (95% confidence interval = 0.53–0.73; p = 0.04), and patients with a rate of ONSD change >27.2% had PNO with 100% specificity and positive predictive value. Hence, ONSD changes may predict neurologic outcomes in patients with post-CA ROSC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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14 pages, 3842 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Epinephrine Administered during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Cerebral Oxygenation after Restoration of Spontaneous Circulation in a Swine Model with a Clinically Relevant Duration of Untreated Cardiac Arrest

by Hyoung Youn Lee, Kamoljon Shamsiev, Najmiddin Mamadjonov, Yong Hun Jung, Kyung Woon Jeung, Jin Woong Kim, Tag Heo and Yong Il Min

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(11), 5896; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18115896 - 31 May 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2543

Abstract

Severe neurological impairment was more prevalent in cardiac arrest survivors who were administered epinephrine than in those administered placebo in a randomized clinical trial; short-term reduction of brain tissue O₂ tension (PbtO₂) after epinephrine administration in swine following a short duration of untreated cardiac arrest has also been reported. We investigated the effects of epinephrine administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on cerebral oxygenation after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a swine model with a clinically relevant duration of untreated cardiac arrest. After 7 min of ventricular fibrillation, 24 pigs randomly received either epinephrine or saline placebo during CPR. Parietal cortex measurements during 60-min post-resuscitation period showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for PbtO₂ was smaller in the epinephrine group than in the placebo group during the initial 10-min period and subsequent 50-min period (both p < 0.05). The AUC for number of perfused cerebral capillaries was smaller in the epinephrine group during the initial 10-min period (p = 0.005), but not during the subsequent 50-min period. In conclusion, epinephrine administered during CPR reduced PbtO₂ for longer than 10 min following ROSC in a swine model with a clinically relevant duration of untreated cardiac arrest. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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Graphical abstract

9 pages, 841 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of a Smart-Ring-Based Feedback System on the Quality of Chest Compressions in Adult Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Preliminary Study

by Chiwon Ahn, Seungjae Lee, Jongshill Lee, Jaehoon Oh, Yeongtak Song, In Young Kim and Hyunggoo Kang

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(10), 5408; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18105408 - 19 May 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2700

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a novel chest compression (CC) smart-ring-based feedback system in a manikin simulation. In this randomized, crossover, controlled study, we evaluated the effect of smart-ring CC feedback on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The learnability and usability of the tool were evaluated with the System Usability Scale (SUS). Participants were divided into two groups and each performed CCs with and without feedback 2 weeks apart, using different orders. The primary outcome was compression depth; the proportion of accurate-depth (5–6 cm) CCs, CC rate, and the proportion of complete CCs (≤1 cm of residual leaning) were assessed additionally. The feedback group and the non-feedback group showed significant differences in compression depth (52.1 (46.3–54.8) vs. 47.1 (40.5–49.9) mm, p = 0.021). The proportion of accurate-depth CCs was significantly higher in the interventional than in the control condition (88.7 (30.0–99.1) vs. 22.6 (0.0–58.5%), p = 0.033). The mean SUS score was 83.9 ± 8.7 points. The acceptability ranges were ‘acceptable’, and the adjective rating was ‘excellent’. CCs with smart-ring feedback could help achieve the ideal range of depth during CPR. The smart-ring may be a valuable source of CPR feedback. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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Review

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13 pages, 1214 KiB

Open AccessReview

Association between Body Mass Index and Outcomes in Patients with Return of Spontaneous Circulation after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Heekyung Lee, Hyungoo Shin, Jaehoon Oh, Tae-Ho Lim, Bo-Seung Kang, Hyunggoo Kang, Hyuk-Joong Choi, Changsun Kim and Jung-Hwan Park

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(16), 8389; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18168389 - 08 Aug 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2498

Abstract

Increased body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and metabolic diseases. A high BMI may affect outcomes of post-cardiac arrest patients, but the association remains debatable. We aimed to determine the association between BMI and outcomes in patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies that included patients who presented ROSC after OHCA, had a recorded BMI, and were assessed for neurological outcomes and in-hospital mortality were included. To assess the risk of bias of each included study, we employed the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies. We assessed 2427 patients from six studies. Neurological outcomes were significantly poorer in underweight patients (risk ratio (RR) = 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–1.37; p = 0.002; I² = 51%) than in normal-weight patients. Additionally, in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in underweight patients (RR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.14–1.60; p<0.001; I² = 21%) and in obese patients (RR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.12–1.39; p<0.001; I² = 0%) than in normal-weight patients. Poor neurological outcome is associated with underweight, and low survival rate is associated with underweight and obesity in patients with ROSC after OHCA. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest Research)

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