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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 13367

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Youn-Jung Son

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Guest Editor

Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
Interests: heart failure; CAD; AF; health literacy; self-care behaviors; transitional care; healthy aging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Mi Hwa Won

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, South Korea
Interests: CAD; physical activity; frailty; heart failure; atrial fibrillation; quality of life

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common noncommunicable diseases globally. Even though the incidence of cardiovascular diases is stable, the prevalence has been increasing because of the aging population and improvements in treatment. This will cause further increases in hospitalization rates, poor quality of life and, consequently, in health care costs.

The International Journal of Environmental Research and Publich Health will dedicate a Special Issue of the journal to “Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases”. This Special Issue of the open access and peer-reviewed journal covers the broad field of cardiovascular health and care, including chronic and acute care, cardiac rehabilitation, primary and secondary prevention, heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, interventional cardiology, cardiac care, and vascular care.

Our Special Issue will help to disseminate new research in the health and healthcare field to inform the work of health professionals. We invite submissions that report research using all research designs. We welcome reviews and studies that have the potential to change clinical care settings and health policy as well as public health areas.

We would like to invite you to submit a paper to this Special Issue on “Health and Cardiovascular Diseases”. We believe that your contribution would be fundamental to accurately convey to our readers the current research/clinical significance and advancements in this field.

Prof. Dr. Youn-Jung Son
Dr. Mi Hwa Won
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Cardiovascular disease epidemiology
Short and long-term outcomes of cardiovascular disease
Patient reported outcome in cardiovascular disease
Multidisciplinary intervention for cardiovascular disease
Disease management and preventions for cardiovascular disease
Mobile health technologies for people with cardiovascular disease
Cost and cost-effectiveness of intervention and policy in cardiovascular disease
Self-care behaviors and medication adherence of cardiovascular disease
Non-pharmacological interventions for cardiovascular disease
Palliative care/transitional care in cardiovascular disease

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2208 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Abdominal Aortic Screening Is a Priority for Health in Smoker Males: A Study on Central Italian Population

by Emma Altobelli, Filippo Gianfelice, Paolo Matteo Angeletti and Reimondo Petrocelli

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(1), 591; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19010591 - 05 Jan 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1750

Abstract

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major public health problem. In the last decade, in some European countries, abdominal aortic screening (AAS) is emerging as a potential prevention for the rupture of AAA. The goals of our study were to estimate AAA prevalence and risk factors in males and females in a central Italian population, also defining the cost-effectiveness of AAS programs. A pilot study screening was conducted between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 in the municipality of Teramo (Abruzzo Region, Italy) in a group of men and women, ranging from the age of 65 to 79, who were not previously operated on for AAA. The ultrasound was performed by means of Acuson sequoia 512 Simens with a Convex probe. The anterior posterior of the infra-renal aorta was evaluated. The odds ratio values (ORs) were used to evaluate the risk of AAA, and the following determinants were taken into consideration: gender, smoke use, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease. We also estimated the direct costs coming from aneurysmectomy (surgical repair or endovascular aneurysms repair—EVAR). A total of 62 AAA (2.7%, mean age 73.8 ± 4.0) were diagnosed, of which 57 were in men (3.7%, mean age 73.6 ± 4.0) and 5 were in women (0.7%, mean age 74.3 ± 4.1). Male gender and smoke use are more important risk factors for AAA ≥ 3 cm, respectively: OR = 5.94 (2.37–14.99, p < 0.001) and OR = 5.21 (2.63–10.30, p < 0.000). A significant increase in OR was noted for AAA ≥ 3 cm and cardiac arrhythmia and ischemic heart disease, respectively: OR = 2.81 (1.53–5.15, p < 0.000) and OR = 2.76 (1.40–5.43, p = 0.006). Regarding the cost analysis, it appears that screening has contributed to the reduction in costs related to urgency. In fact, the synthetic indicator given by the ratio between the DRGs (disease related group) relating to the emergency and those of the elective activity went from 1.69 in the year prior to the activation of the screening to a median of 0.39 for the five-year period of activation of the screening. It is important to underline that the results of our work confirm that the screening activated in our territory has led to a reduction in the expenditure for AAA emergency interventions, having increased the planned interventions. This must be a warning for local stakeholders, especially in the post-pandemic period, in order to strengthen prevention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

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12 pages, 851 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Big Five Personality Traits and Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation in Japanese Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by Takuji Adachi, Yuki Tsunekawa, Akihito Matsuoka and Daisuke Tanimura

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(16), 8589; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18168589 - 14 Aug 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2003

Abstract

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains underutilised, despite its established clinical benefit. A personality traits assessment may help promote CR implementation, as they are determinants of health-related behaviour. This study aimed to examine the association between the Big Five personality traits and outpatient CR participation in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) after discharge. This retrospective cohort study included 163 patients aged <80 years, who underwent inpatient CR when hospitalised for CVD. The Big Five personality traits (conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness, extraversion, and agreeableness) of each patient were evaluated at discharge, using the Japanese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. We examined the relationship of each personality trait with non-participation in outpatient CR and dropout within three months, using logistic regression analysis. Out of 61 patients who initiated the outpatient CR, 29 patients dropped out, leaving us with 32 subjects. The logistic regression analysis results showed that high conscientiousness was associated with non-participation in CR. The primary reason for this was a lack of motivation. Conversely, low conscientiousness and high openness were predictors of dropout. This study suggests that the assessment of the Big Five personality traits, especially conscientiousness and openness, can help improve health communication with patients to promote outpatient CR participation after discharge. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

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10 pages, 315 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Long-Term Incidence of Heart Failure and Predictors Following Newly Developed Acute Myocardial Infarction: A 10 Years Retrospective Cohort Study with Korean National Health Insurance Data

by Hyojung Choi, Joo Yeon Seo, Jinho Shin, Bo Youl Choi and Yu-Mi Kim

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(12), 6207; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18126207 - 08 Jun 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2337

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is the major mechanism of mortality in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during early or intermediate post-AMI period. But heart failure is one of the most common long-term complications of AMI. Applied the retrospective cohort study design with nation representative population data, this study traced the incidence of late-onset heart failure since 1 year after newly developed acute myocardial infarction and assessed its risk factors. Methods and Results: Using the Korea National Health Insurance database, 18,328 newly developed AMI patients aged 40 years or older and first hospitalized in 2010 for 3 days or more, were set up as baseline cohort (12,403). The incidence rate of AMI per 100,000 persons was 79.8 overall, and 49.6 for women and 112.3 for men. A total of 2010 (1073 men, 937 women) were newly developed with HF during 6 years following post AMI. Cumulative incidences of HF per 1000 AMI patients for a year at each time period were 37.4 in initial hospitalization, 32.3 in 1 year after discharge, and 8.9 in 1–6 years. The overall and age-specific incidence rates of HF were higher in women than men. For late-onset HF, female, medical aid, pre-existing hypertension, severity of AMI, duration of hospital stay during index admission, reperfusion treatment, and drug prescription pattern including diuretics, affected the occurrence of late-onset HF. Conclusion: With respect to late-onset HF following AMI, appropriate management including hypertension and medical aid program in addition to quality improvement of AMI treatment are required to reduce the risk of late-onset heart failure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

10 pages, 345 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sex Differences in the Association between Atrial Fibrillation and 90-Day Adverse Outcomes among Older Adults with Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by Youn-Jung Son, Da-Young Kim and Mi Hwa Won

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(5), 2237; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18052237 - 24 Feb 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1765

Abstract

Sex differences in the prognostic impact of coexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) in older patients with heart failure (HF) have not been well-studied. This study, therefore, compared sex differences in the association between AF and its 90-day adverse outcomes (hospital readmissions and emergency room (ER) visits) among older adults with HF. Of the 250 older adult patients, the prevalence rates of coexisting AF between male and female HF patients were 46.0% and 31.0%, respectively. In both male and female older patients, patients with AF have a significantly higher readmission rate (male 46.0%, and female 34.3%) than those without AF (male 6.8%, and female 12.8%). However, there are no significant differences in the association between AF and ER visits in both male and female older HF patients. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that coexisting AF significantly increased the risk of 90-day hospital readmission in both male and female older patients. In addition, older age in males and longer periods of time after an HF diagnosis in females were associated with an increased risk of hospital readmission. Consequently, prospective cohort studies are needed to identify the impact of coexisting AF on short- and long-term outcomes in older adult HF patients by sex. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

16 pages, 5202 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

by Amal F. Alshammary, Khalid Khalaf Alharbi, Naif Jameel Alshehri, Vishal Vennu and Imran Ali Khan

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(4), 1773; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18041773 - 11 Feb 2021

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 2801

Abstract

Although numerous studies have described the link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), no meta-analysis has been carried out on this relationship. Thus, the present study intended to address this limitation. A systematic search was carried out using electronic databases, such as PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Medline, and Web of Science. A sum of 10 studies (n = 9327) was incorporated in the meta-analysis. Compared with non-MetS, MetS was significantly associated with high CAD risk (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 3.56–4.56). The MetS components were also significantly correlated with high CAD risk (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 3.22–4.40). The presence of two (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 2.81–5.49), three (OR = 4.09, 95% CI = 2.85–5.86), four (OR = 4.04, 95% CI = 2.83–5.78), or all five MetS components (OR = 3.92, 95% CI = 3.11–4.93), were significantly associated with a high risk of CAD. MetS and its individual or combined elements were linked with high CAD risk based on contemporary evidence. Thus, the assessment of MetS and its components might help identify people at a higher risk of advancing CAD in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

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8 pages, 1974 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Diagnostic Difficulties in a Case of Fetal Ventricular Tachycardia Associated with Neonatal COVID Infection: Case Report

by Liliana Gozar, Carmen Corina Șuteu, Dorottya Gabor-Miklosi, Andreea Cerghit-Paler and Amalia Făgărășan

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(23), 12796; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph182312796 - 04 Dec 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1731

Abstract

The clinical course of COVID in the pediatric population is considered to be much milder when compared to adults; however, the occurrence of severe and fatal forms of the disease in children is non-negligible, especially in patients with comorbidities such as prematurity or cardiac disease. We report a case of a newborn with sotalol-controlled fetal ventricular tachycardia, who was postnatally diagnosed with COVID infection. The myocardial injury was sustained on the basis of pericardial effusion, left ventricular dysfunction, rapid progression to coronary artery dilation, and an arrhythmic storm. We believe that, in our case, there is a significant overlap between fetal ventricular tachycardia, associated with impaired left ventricular function, and COVID infection, diagnosed after birth; both factors contribute to the myocardial dysfunction with a fulminant clinical evolution. To our knowledge, this is the first case describing neonatal myocardial dysfunction associated with SARS-CoV infection complicating the clinical course of rare fetal tachyarrhythmia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare and Cardiovascular Diseases)

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