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Nutrition and Exercise in the Health Sciences

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 5922

Special Issue Editors

Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
Interests: physical exercise; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, it has been found that the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases cannot be addressed exclusively with drug treatment, health care, and hospitalization. There is evidence that both physical exercise and nutrition are primary elements in reducing the risk of developing numerous diseases. The evidence of the usefulness of physical exercise as a primary element in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease means that, in recent years, exercise has moved from exclusively being seen as a competitive sporting activity to being used for the prevention and treatment of some chronic diseases. It is also known that some nutrients reduce the risk of numerous diseases. There is, therefore, a link between the health benefits of exercise and proper nutrition that incorporates specific nutrients. Thus, achieving a good state of health necessitates the use of optimal nutrition and the practice of healthy physical exercise, which, individually or jointly, are promising tools to achieve the improvement of specific pathologies. However, further research is required to elucidate the essential components of exercise and nutrition protocols in the prevention of chronic diseases and/or the promotion of optimal health. For this Special Issue, we aim to integrate new lines of research related to nutrition and exercise and establish the impacts of these factors on human health and performance.

Prof. Dr. Diego Fernández Lázaro
Prof. Dr. Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • exercise
  • health sciences
  • sport nutrition
  • body composition
  • public health

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 696 KiB  
Article
6-Week Supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. to Trained Male CrossFit® Athletes on Muscle, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Biomarkers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
by Diego Fernández-Lázaro, Jesús Seco-Calvo, Jorge Pascual-Fernández, Carlos Domínguez-Ortega, Miguel Del Valle Soto and Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 16158; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192316158 - 02 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2046
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) ingredients have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but their effects on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in trained athletes are uncertain. The purpose of this single-blind placebo-controlled trial, in accordance with CONSORT guidelines, was to examine the effect of [...] Read more.
Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) ingredients have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but their effects on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in trained athletes are uncertain. The purpose of this single-blind placebo-controlled trial, in accordance with CONSORT guidelines, was to examine the effect of 6 weeks of TT supplementation on muscle metabolism, inflammation biomarkers, and oxidant status. Thirty trained male CrossFit® athletes were randomly assigned to be supplemented with 770 mg/day of TT (intervention group (IG)) or receive a placebo daily (control group (CG)) for 6 weeks. Muscle damage enzymes, inflammation biomarkers, and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) were assessed at baseline (T1), 21 days after baseline (T2), and after 42 days (T3). Grace, a Workout of the Day, was measured in T1 and T3. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was found between IG and CG in Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and TAS levels at the end of the follow-up. Furthermore, TAS levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower at T2 and T3 relative to baseline in the IG, also LDH and CRP increased significantly (p < 0.05) at T2 and T3 relative to baseline in the CG. No significant (p > 0.05) decreases in muscle damage or inflammation biomarkers were observed, although a slight downward trend was observed after 6 weeks for supplemented athletes. TT supplementation could attenuate the CrossFit® training program-induced oxidative stress, muscle damage, and inflammation which could be due to the natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of TT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Exercise in the Health Sciences)
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10 pages, 1275 KiB  
Article
Eight Days of L-Citrulline or L-Arginine Supplementation Did Not Improve 200-m and 100-m Swimming Time Trials
by Ozcan Esen, Mustafa Can Eser, Mekki Abdioglu, Daniela Benesova, Tomasz Gabrys and Raci Karayigit
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(8), 4462; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19084462 - 07 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3071
Abstract
The effects of L-citrulline or L-arginine supplementation on exercise performance are equivocal, and the effects on swimming performance are unclear. We aimed to assess whether 8-day supplementation with L-arginine or L-citrulline supplementation would improve 200 m and 100 m freestyle swimming time-trial performances. [...] Read more.
The effects of L-citrulline or L-arginine supplementation on exercise performance are equivocal, and the effects on swimming performance are unclear. We aimed to assess whether 8-day supplementation with L-arginine or L-citrulline supplementation would improve 200 m and 100 m freestyle swimming time-trial performances. After the baseline trial (first visit), in a double-blind, randomised design, 15 trained/developmental (5 females) swimmers and triathletes were assigned to three groups and underwent an 8-day supplementation period, with a daily dose of either 8 gr L-arginine (Arg, n = 5) or L-citrulline (Cit, n = 5) or placebo (Pla, n = 5). On day 9, participants completed experimental trial (second visit). In each trial, after blood sampling, participants performed both 200 m and 100 m freestyle swimming time-trials, with 30 min recovery between trials. Plasma nitric oxide (NOx) and blood lactate concentrations (BLa) were collected immediately before and after 200 m and 100 m TTs, respectively. No significant difference was observed in NOx between groups (p = 0.201). There was no significant difference in 200 m (p = 0.226) and 100 m swimming time-trials (p = 0.993) between groups. There was a main effect of time on BLa concentration (p < 0.001), but no trial × group (p = 0.243) and trial × lactate × group interaction effect (p = 0.276) was present. Furthermore, 8-day either L-citrulline or L-arginine supplementation did not enhance middle (200 m) and short-distance (100 m) swimming performance in trained/developmental swimmers and triathletes. These findings do not support the use of L-citrulline or L-arginine supplementation as ergogenic aids for swimming performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Exercise in the Health Sciences)
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