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Sleep Development and Mental Health
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Sleep Development and Mental Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 12758

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Isabel Morales-Muñoz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Mental Healh Unit, Finnish Insitute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
Interests: sleep; mental health; psychosis; neuropsychology; cognition; longitudinal studies
Dr. Caroline Richards

E-Mail Website
Assistant Guest Editor
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Interests: sleep; actigraphy; neurodevelopmental conditions; behavior; autism; rare genetic syndromes; meta-analysis
Dr. Andrew Surtees

E-Mail Website
Assistant Guest Editor
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Interests: social cognition; sleep; autism; anxiety; mental health; clinical psychology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sleep and mental health are closely related, and this has been found across different stages of life, such as childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. For instance, sleep problems such as insomnia, sleep deprivation, fragmented sleep or inadequate sleep routines, among others, affect emotional and behavioural state and both physical and mental health. Further, those individuals with mental health problems are more likely to have insomnia or other sleep disorders. Finally, it has been recently reported that sleep problems may precede the development and onset of certain mental health problems in later stages of life. However, despite increasing evidence indicating an association between sleep and mental health, it is still unclear whether sleep has a causal role in the development of mental health problems, whether it is a mere consequence, or whether there are other potential underlying factors that mediate this association between sleep and mental health problems. To further understand the nature of the associations between sleep and mental health across different stages of life, more research using different methodologies (e.g., questionnaire, sleep diaries, actigraphy, or polysomnography) and different designs (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal studies, or intervention studies), in different populations (i.e., clinical and healthy groups, population-based studies, etc.) is needed.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers in sleep, chronobiology, psychology, psychiatry, paediatrics, epidemiology, and other social sciences to submit high-quality empirical papers or systematic reviews related to this research area.

Dr. Isabel Morales-Muñoz
Dr. Caroline Richards
Dr. Andrew Surtees
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Sleep
  • Chronobiology
  • Mental health
  • Questionnaire
  • Actigraphy
  • Polysomnography
  • Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Young adulthood
  • Adulthood

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 756 KiB  
Article
Associations between Sleep and Mental Health in Adolescents: Results from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
by Jiaqi Qiu and Isabel Morales-Muñoz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1868; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19031868 - 07 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3408
Abstract
(1) Background: There is a growing interest in investigating the relationship between sleep and mental health development in adolescents. This study aims to further investigate this relationship by identifying the specific associations between several sleep problems in adolescents and several mental health areas, [...] Read more.
(1) Background: There is a growing interest in investigating the relationship between sleep and mental health development in adolescents. This study aims to further investigate this relationship by identifying the specific associations between several sleep problems in adolescents and several mental health areas, and the role of gender in these associations. (2) Methods: Data from the Millennium cohort survey containing 11,553 individuals at 13–14 years old was included. Nighttime sleep duration and bedtime during weekdays and weekends, night awakening frequency, and sleep onset latency were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Affective symptom and emotional and behavioural problems were examined with self-reported questionnaires. (3) Results: Regression analyses and path analysis models suggested that frequent night awakening was associated with all the outcomes, and hyperactivity/inattention was the outcome that presented a higher number of significant associations with sleep patterns. Long sleep onset latency and late bedtime at school days were associated with higher risk of emotional and behavioural difficulties. Further, poor sleep seems to manifest more externally in males, while more internally in females. (4) Conclusions: Specific sleep problems should be considered when assessing mental health in adolescence, which would allow more targeted prevention and intervention strategies. Further, special attention should be given to gender differences when addressing sleep and mental health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Development and Mental Health)
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14 pages, 780 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Resting State Heart Rate Variability and Sleep Quality in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
by Bernhard Grässler, Milos Dordevic, Fabian Herold, Sabine Darius, Corinna Langhans, Nicole Halfpaap, Berit K. Labott, Patrick Müller, Achraf Ammar, Beatrice Thielmann, Irina Böckelmann, Notger G. Müller and Anita Hökelmann
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13321; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph182413321 - 17 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2664
Abstract
Sleep problems can be caused by psychological stress but are also related to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Improving lifestyle behaviors, such as good sleep hygiene, can help to counteract the negative effects of neurodegenerative diseases and to improve quality of life. The purpose [...] Read more.
Sleep problems can be caused by psychological stress but are also related to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Improving lifestyle behaviors, such as good sleep hygiene, can help to counteract the negative effects of neurodegenerative diseases and to improve quality of life. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between subjectively reported measures of sleep quality (via Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) and objective measures of cardiac autonomic control (via resting state heart rate variability (HRV)) among individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The PSQI and resting state HRV data of 42 MCI participants (69.0 ± 5.5; 56–80 years) were analyzed. Nineteen of the participants reported poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5). Good sleepers showed higher resting heart rate than bad sleepers (p = 0.037; ES = 0.670). Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the parameter HF nu and sleep efficiency, contrasting the expected positive association between reduced HRV and poor sleep quality in healthy and individuals with specific diseases. Otherwise, there were no significances, indicating that measures of subjective sleep quality and resting HRV were not related in the present sample of MCI participants. Further research is needed to better understand the complex relationship between HRV and lifestyle factors (e.g., sleep) in MCI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Development and Mental Health)
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18 pages, 522 KiB  
Article
Subjective and Objective Consequences of Stress in Subjects with Subjectively Different Sleep Quality—A Cross-Sectional Study
by Beatrice Thielmann, Robin Sebastian Schierholz and Irina Böckelmann
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(19), 9990; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18199990 - 23 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2256
Abstract
Background: Restful sleep plays an important role in long-term health and occupational safety. Heart rate variability (HRV) is used as stress indicator. The aim of this study was to determine whether HRV at rest or during sleep, as an objective indicator of stress, [...] Read more.
Background: Restful sleep plays an important role in long-term health and occupational safety. Heart rate variability (HRV) is used as stress indicator. The aim of this study was to determine whether HRV at rest or during sleep, as an objective indicator of stress, reflects subjectively assessed sleep quality. Methods: 84 subjects (37.3 ± 15.6 years) were classified into good sleepers and poor sleepers based on the results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The cut-off value to distinguish between good and bad sleepers recommended by Buysse et al. 1989 is >5. Mental health status was determined using the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). A 24 h electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for HRV analysis (total and 6 h night phase). Results: The poor sleepers showed a significantly lower mental health status (p = 0.004). The multifactorial variance analysis of the total phase time parameters Min HR (p = 0.032, η2 = 0.056) and SI (p = 0.015, η2 = 0.072) showed significant interaction effects. In the 6h night phase, significant interaction effects were found for SDNN (p = 0.036, η2 = 0.065) and SD2 (p = 0.033, η2 = 0.067). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between HRV and stress and a positive correlation between HRV and mental health. Conclusions: Although this study did not demonstrate a direct relationship between sleep quality and HRV, it was shown that there are important connections between sleep quality and mental health, and between HRV and mental health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Development and Mental Health)
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Review

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15 pages, 518 KiB  
Review
Sleep Disorders in Early Childhood and the Development of Mental Health Problems in Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Prospective Studies
by Lawrence T Lam and Mary K Lam
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(22), 11782; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph182211782 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3290
Abstract
The association between sleep problems, particularly sleep disorders, and mental health has long been studied and recognized. However, the causal relationship between sleep disorders, particularly during early childhood, on mental health problems in adolescence are yet to be established. From a preventive perspective, [...] Read more.
The association between sleep problems, particularly sleep disorders, and mental health has long been studied and recognized. However, the causal relationship between sleep disorders, particularly during early childhood, on mental health problems in adolescence are yet to be established. From a preventive perspective, it is important to understand the causality of mental health problems in adolescents so that intervention measures can be derived and implemented as early as possible for maximum effectiveness. To provide more precise information on the effect of early childhood sleep disorders on mental health problems during adolescence, a systematic review was conducted on longitudinal and prospective studies reported in the literature. Following the PRISMA guidelines with an extensive search of the literature 26 studies were identified. Seven of these identified studies satisfied all selection criteria with sufficient data on the effect of early childhood sleep disorders and mental health problems in adolescence. Information was extracted and analyzed systematically from each study and tabulated. The overall results obtained from these studies indicate a significant and possible causal relationship between early childhood sleep disorders and the development of mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression, and ADHD in adolescence. These results are discussed with regards to the theoretical and practical implications as well as preventive strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep Development and Mental Health)
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