Dear Colleagues,

Xenobiotic mixtures constitute a major environmental and health problem. Effects resulting from exposure to mixtures are complex and frequently very different from the observations made with individual compounds. Thus, research on mixtures is a major challenge for environmental scientists and toxicologists alike. The experimental difficulties of studying compound mixtures are several, including: a) the choice of the appropriate experimental model; b) mixture composition and concentration; and c) biomarker and toxicity end-point selection.

Despite the constraints in experimental design and result interpretation, pollutants seldom exist on their own in the environment, and therefore, research on the effects of mixtures is essential to improve risk assessment and environmental and human health guidelines. This is particularly important since besides environmental xenobiotics, wildlife and human populations are daily exposed to a variety of compounds including nutrients from food or molecules with pharmacological activity from medical drugs.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to submit manuscripts (original research articles or reviews) contributing to the advancement of knowledge on xenobiotic mixtures, namely on their mechanism of toxicity, effects in the environment and human health, as well as attempts at assessing risk to humans and wildlife. Methodological papers addressing issues related to mixture testing are also welcome. Research topics include (but are not limited to):

- Endocrine disruptors;

- Interaction between micro/nano-plastics and environmental pollutants;

- Pesticides;

- Metals;

- Compounds with pharmacological activity (medical drugs);

- Cosmetics;

- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;

- Toxicants vs. nutrients antagonism.

Dr. Vasco Branco
Prof. Dr. Marta Martins
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• mixtures
• biomarkers
• risk assessment
• pollutants
• mechanisms of toxicity