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Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 62777

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Henriette Löffler-Stastka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Interests: psychotherapy research and training research; therapist variable; psychotherapy/psychoanalysis with severely disturbed patients; psychotic disorders; health care management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are organizing a Special Issue on the impact of the environment, e.g., the relationships, on mental health in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The venue is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that publishes articles and communications in the interdisciplinary area of health sciences and public health. For detailed information about the journal, we refer you to https://0-www-mdpi-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/journal/ijerph.

Mental disorders are a significant problem worldwide. Mental health encompasses the health status and well-being of patients, their families, and the therapists in their socioenvironmental frame. In this issue, research focuses the development of effective treatment strategies concerning mental health problems, and ingredients that have impact on change processes in patients, therapists, and doctors. The development of effective and efficient therapists and medical doctors, and didactic considerations are also a center of interest. This research focus is devoted to the interdisciplinary work and learning surroundings necessary to facilitate change processes.

We focus on quantitative and qualitative methods in outcome and process research, including mixed methods designs, and operationalization of pathoplastic, or effective ingredients for change processes. With regard to a human ecology framework for the human–environment relationship as an ecology of the person, we shed light on the term “relationship” and all its ingredients. This Special Issue also aims to provide theoretical orientations for multiprofessional clinical work. For this purpose, a multidimensional basic grid for the characterization of the individual human being is proposed. The necessity and meaningfulness of a differentiation and systematization of the terms “environment” and above all “relationship” are demonstrated, and practical examples and links to similar framework models are given.

This Special Issue is open to any subject area related to the impacts of the natural, psychic, built, developmental, social environments, and their change processes influencing mental health. The listed keywords suggest just a few of the many possibilities.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • relationship
  • mental health
  • change processes
  • therapists and medical doctors
  • competence
  • professionalism
  • human–environment
  • psychic development
  • socialization

Published Papers (16 papers)

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16 pages, 330 KiB  
Article
Improvement in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Depression: A Qualitative Study of the Patients’ Perspective
by André Løvgren, Jan Ivar Røssberg, Eivind Engebretsen and Randi Ulberg
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(18), 6843; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17186843 - 19 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3539
Abstract
The patient’s perspective on improvement in psychotherapy is crucial for tailoring the therapy he or she is receiving. The present study aimed at exploring the factors aiding and the patients’ experiences of improvement in time-limited psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were [...] Read more.
The patient’s perspective on improvement in psychotherapy is crucial for tailoring the therapy he or she is receiving. The present study aimed at exploring the factors aiding and the patients’ experiences of improvement in time-limited psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with ten adult patients who received up to 28 sessions of manualized psychodynamic psychotherapy in the Norwegian study “Mechanisms of change in psychotherapy” (the MOP study). The post-therapy interviews addressed the participants’ experiences from therapy. The data were analyzed with thematic content analysis and hermeneutic interpretation. The analysis identified four helpful dimensions: “Therapist activities” comprised supporting and acknowledging, advising and offering tips for everyday life, questioning and pressuring. “Patient activities” included opening up, caring for oneself and showing agency. “Facilitators” for improvement were learning from therapy, learning to receive therapy and agreed goals. “Achievements” comprised new perspectives and understandings, increased self-awareness and mastery and changed thinking and feeling. Improvements from psychodynamic therapy seemed reliant on the degree to which the therapy could activate and be relevant to the patients’ everyday life. Tailoring therapy for patients with depression should link the focus on symptoms and ways of thinking and feeling with their life circumstances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
16 pages, 1629 KiB  
Article
Implementing a Clinical Research Department to Support Pediatric Studies: A SWOT Analysis
by Alexandra Thajer, Margit Sommersguter-Reichmann and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(17), 6211; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17176211 - 27 Aug 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7127
Abstract
The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of most drugs used in pediatrics have not been studied in different age groups and are administered “off-label use”. Clinical pediatric drug trials require specific and stringent compliance with laws, regulations, guidelines, and patient/parent/public involvement, which in [...] Read more.
The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of most drugs used in pediatrics have not been studied in different age groups and are administered “off-label use”. Clinical pediatric drug trials require specific and stringent compliance with laws, regulations, guidelines, and patient/parent/public involvement, which in turn increases resource use and makes support useful from a medical, qualitative, economic, and system perspective. We examined the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of implementing a Research Department for the Support of Pediatric Studies (RDPS) in Vienna. We used the SWOT (“strengths”, “weaknesses”, “opportunities”, and “threats”) analysis to collect comprehensive data and facts on the internal strengths, weaknesses (company analysis), and external opportunities and threats (environmental analysis). The company analysis revealed a productivity gain, due to a highly specialized team and standardized processes. The environmental analysis outlined a considerable 360-degree potential for a qualitative and quantitative medical- and social-scientific expansion of the service portfolio. The establishment of a RDPS leads to the centralization of pediatric studies by bundling tasks and concentration of specialist knowledge, which enables the exploitation of synergies, the standardization of processes, the promotion of professionalism, flexibility, innovations and the reduction of inefficiencies in the form of duplication of tasks. RDPS offers tailored advice and support for different types of pediatric studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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18 pages, 326 KiB  
Article
Therapists’ Experiences of Psychodynamic Therapy with and without Transference Interventions for Adolescents with Depression
by Maria Jones, Marit Råbu, Jan Ivar Røssberg and Randi Ulberg
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(13), 4628; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17134628 - 27 Jun 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7037
Abstract
Psychodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for depression. However, a large number of adolescent patients with depression do not respond and/or drop out of therapy and little is known about what therapists actually do in therapy with adolescents. Thus, more research is needed [...] Read more.
Psychodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for depression. However, a large number of adolescent patients with depression do not respond and/or drop out of therapy and little is known about what therapists actually do in therapy with adolescents. Thus, more research is needed to explore the various actions that therapists do in therapy, so that therapists can tailor their therapy more specifically to each individual adolescent. The present study aimed to investigate how the experience of psychotherapists differs between two treatment modes for adolescents with depression: psychodynamic psychotherapy with and without transference interventions. In-depth interviews were conducted with six therapists. The data, which were analyzed using thematic analysis, generated three key themes: (1) The therapists experienced that transference interventions are often useful in therapies with adolescents with depression, (2) therapies without transference interventions can be challenging for therapists, but still helpful for patients, and (3) the experience contributed to the deepening recognition of therapists that they always need to adapt their techniques to the particular patient. The results enhance our knowledge of the significance of therapists’ actions in therapy with adolescents. The therapists highlighted issues that are important for identifying barriers to incorporating new knowledge into clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
12 pages, 1201 KiB  
Article
Guaranteed Equal Opportunities? The Access to Nursing Training in Central Europe for People with a Turkish Migration Background
by Julia Keckeis, Margit Schäfer, Türkan Akkaya-Kalayci and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(12), 4503; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17124503 - 23 Jun 2020
Viewed by 1670
Abstract
This paper examines the reason for the small percentage of professional nurses with a Turkish migration background and investigates possibilities to increase this low amount. Our society grows older, and the number of chronic diseases increases. Furthermore, nursing professionals tend to migrate, and [...] Read more.
This paper examines the reason for the small percentage of professional nurses with a Turkish migration background and investigates possibilities to increase this low amount. Our society grows older, and the number of chronic diseases increases. Furthermore, nursing professionals tend to migrate, and the retirement of the baby boomer generation will also create a lack of professional nurses in Vorarlberg, Austria. People with a Turkish migration background, who are the second largest group without Austrian citizenship in Austria, could be an important resource for the upcoming lack of qualified nurses. The nursing profession could be a secure career opportunity for these people, and therefore it is of great importance to make access to professional nursing training easier for people with a Turkish migration background. This paper describes the effects of migration on society, institutions and individuals and gives an overview of concepts related to how to deal with this situation. This qualitative study investigates the access to nursing training for people with a Turkish migration background from three different points of view—those of experts, students and nurses with a Turkish migration background, and people with a Turkish migration background who have to pass a university entrance qualification—in the form of guided interviews. The results will illustrate structural and social barriers due to complex social dynamics and also highlight possibilities to reduce those barriers. Based on the results, prospects for professional nursing are deduced on the macro, meso and micro levels, which should generate an increasing number of nurses with a Turkish migration background. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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13 pages, 757 KiB  
Article
Therapeutic Atmosphere in Psychotherapy Sessions
by Marte L. Siegel, Eva M. Gullestad Binder, Hanne Sofie J. Dahl, Nikolai O. Czajkowski, Kenneth L. Critchfield, Per A. Høglend and Randi Ulberg
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(11), 4105; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17114105 - 09 Jun 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3444
Abstract
There is uncertainty concerning what the active ingredients in psychotherapy are. The First Experimental Study of Transference interpretations (FEST) was a randomized controlled trial of the effects of transference work (TW) in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Women with low quality of object relations (QOR) showed [...] Read more.
There is uncertainty concerning what the active ingredients in psychotherapy are. The First Experimental Study of Transference interpretations (FEST) was a randomized controlled trial of the effects of transference work (TW) in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Women with low quality of object relations (QOR) showed a large positive effect of transference work, while men with high QOR showed a slight negative effect. The present study aimed to expand the knowledge from the FEST by investigating the therapeutic atmosphere with Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB). Two-way ANOVAs were conducted to investigate differences between SASB cluster scores between subgroups. The therapeutic atmosphere was characterized by Protect–Trust, Affirm–Disclose and Control–Submit. Multilevel modeling was used to assess the relationship between a therapist variable and outcomes for men and women. Contrary to expectations, no significant differences in therapeutic atmosphere between subgroups (with or without TW in women with low QOR and men with high QOR) were observed using the process measure SASB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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12 pages, 392 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Clinical Picture of Sleep Paralysis in a Polish Student Sample
by Paulina Wróbel-Knybel, Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz, Michał Flis, Joanna Rog, Devon E. Hinton, Piotr Boguta and Baland Jalal
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(10), 3529; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17103529 - 18 May 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5221
Abstract
Sleep paralysis (SP) is a psychobiological phenomenon caused by temporary desynchrony in the architecture of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. It affects approximately 7.6% of the general population during their lifetime. The aim of this study was to assess (1) the prevalence of [...] Read more.
Sleep paralysis (SP) is a psychobiological phenomenon caused by temporary desynchrony in the architecture of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. It affects approximately 7.6% of the general population during their lifetime. The aim of this study was to assess (1) the prevalence of SP among Polish students in Lublin (n = 439) using self-reported online surveys, (2) the frequency of SP-related somatic and psychopathologic symptoms, and (3) the factors potentially affecting the occurrence of symptoms among people experiencing SP. We found that the incidence of SP in the Polish student population was slightly higher (32%) than the average prevalence found in other student populations (28.3%). The SP clinical picture was dominated by somatic symptomatology: 94% of respondents reported somatic symptoms (most commonly tachycardia, 76%), 93% reported fear (most commonly fear of death, 46%), and 66% reported hallucinations (most commonly visual hallucinations, 37%). The number of SP episodes was related to sleep duration and supine position during sleep. The severity of somatic symptoms correlated with lifestyle variables and anxiety symptomatology. Our study shows that a significant proportion of students experience recurrent SP and that this phenomenon is associated with fear and physical discomfort. The scale of the phenomenon requires a deeper analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
18 pages, 1454 KiB  
Article
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance for a Chinese Version of a Psychological Need Thwarting Scale for Teachers
by Liang Chen, Jeffrey Hugh Gamble, I-Hua Chen, Zeng-Han Lee and Qian-Lan Fu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(9), 3247; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17093247 - 06 May 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2462
Abstract
While teachers’ psychological needs have been evaluated in terms of need satisfaction, need thwarting of teachers is under-researched. This study developed a Chinese version of a Psychological Need Thwarting (PNT) scale for teachers and evaluated both its psychometric properties and measurement invariance across [...] Read more.
While teachers’ psychological needs have been evaluated in terms of need satisfaction, need thwarting of teachers is under-researched. This study developed a Chinese version of a Psychological Need Thwarting (PNT) scale for teachers and evaluated both its psychometric properties and measurement invariance across groups. Psychometric criteria for the scale were evaluated, with satisfactory levels of internal reliability, test–retest reliability, convergent and divergent validities, and model goodness-of-fit. One item translated from the original PNT scale was removed due to cross-loading. Criterion validity was established, with R2 = 0.54 for the factor of burnout (emotional exhaustion). Measurement invariance was established using confirmatory factor analysis for the factors of gender, grade of instruction, and position. The teachers evaluated demonstrated higher levels of competence thwarting, as compared to autonomy and relatedness thwarting, but overall higher levels of thwarting as compared to previous research. Males reported higher levels of autonomy and competence thwarting as compared to females and secondary school teachers reported higher levels of relatedness thwarting as compared to primary school teachers. The developed scale can serve as a valuable tool in evaluating the thwarting of teachers’ psychological needs, an issue which can profoundly impact teachers’ and students’ mental health and performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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14 pages, 312 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Coping Process among Visually Impaired Individuals, Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
by In Ok Sim
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(8), 2819; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17082819 - 19 Apr 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3013
Abstract
There is a lack of research based on in-depth theoretical and scientific knowledge to understand the visually impaired, and there has been little effort in the application of strategies for early intervention to minimize the risk these people might encounter during development. This [...] Read more.
There is a lack of research based on in-depth theoretical and scientific knowledge to understand the visually impaired, and there has been little effort in the application of strategies for early intervention to minimize the risk these people might encounter during development. This study used semi-structured interviews from eight persons with visual impairments who had various experiences of coping process. Three coping processes based on life experiences were identified: (1) self-awareness and adaptation process: “self-awareness of disability” and “adaptation to disability and the environment”; (2) facing the circumstance process: “the exposure to concealment and abuse,” “the suppression of potential,” “denial and abandonment by family,” “poverty and disability,” “expansion of thinking,” and “opportunities of special participation”; and (3) the positive reinforcement process: “self-disclosure and jump-starting life,” “maintain satisfaction and achievement,” and “socioeconomic independence.” These findings expand the understanding of the factors common to the coping process experienced by individuals with visual impairment and highlight the importance of psychological support, family, education, and social support. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
17 pages, 813 KiB  
Article
Assessing Mental Health for China’s Police: Psychometric Features of the Self-Rating Depression Scale and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised
by I-Hua Chen, Chung-Ying Lin, Xia Zheng and Mark D. Griffiths
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(8), 2737; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17082737 - 16 Apr 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3820
Abstract
Police mental health is important because police officers usually encounter stressors that cause high levels of stress. In order to better understand mental health for Chinese police, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) are commonly used in mainland [...] Read more.
Police mental health is important because police officers usually encounter stressors that cause high levels of stress. In order to better understand mental health for Chinese police, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) are commonly used in mainland China. Unfortunately, both the SDS and SCL-90-R lack detailed information on their psychometric properties. More specifically, factor structures of the SDS and SCL-90-R have yet to be confirmed among the police population in mainland China. Therefore, the present study compared several factor structures of the SDS and SCL-90-R proposed by prior research and to determine an appropriate structure for the police population. Utilizing cluster sampling, 1151 traffic police officers (1047 males; mean age = 36.6 years [SD = 6.10]) from 49 traffic police units in Jiangxi Province (China) participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to decide the best fit structure. In the SDS, the three-factor model (first posited by Kitamura et al.) had the smallest AIC and outperformed other models. In the SCL-90-R, the eight-factor model had the smallest AIC and outperformed the one-factor and nine-factor models. CFA fit indices also showed that both the three-factor model in the SDS and the eight-factor model in the SCL-90-R had satisfactory fit. The present study’s results support the use of both SDS and SCL-90-R for police officers in mainland China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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14 pages, 374 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Mentalizing and Working Conditions in Health Care
by Dagmar Steinmair, Felix Richter and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(7), 2420; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17072420 - 02 Apr 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2805
Abstract
Mentalizing describes the human ability to comprehend one’s own and others’ mental states and is seen as one of the core competencies of psychotherapists. Current research has emphasized the importance of both early dyadic attachment as well as broader sociocultural environmental input on [...] Read more.
Mentalizing describes the human ability to comprehend one’s own and others’ mental states and is seen as one of the core competencies of psychotherapists. Current research has emphasized the importance of both early dyadic attachment as well as broader sociocultural environmental input on the development of mentalizing. This study investigates whether mentalizing skills, operationalized via reflective functioning (RF), might be influenced by training and working conditions. This study was a matched case-control comparison, cross-sectional study. RF was assessed in a total of 10 psychotherapy trainees working in private practice at the beginning (group A; n = 5) and end (group B; n = 5) of their psychotherapy training (training association: Gestalt Therapy, Institute of Integrative Gestalttherapy Vienna) and in a total of 40 health professionals (institution: General Hospital Vienna—Social Medical Center South, Vienna, Department of Psychiatry, acute psychiatric ward) at the beginning of (group C; n = 20) and without (group D; n = 20) mentalization based therapy training. The participants differed from each other regarding their training, but participants of the same institution were matched. RF scores were significantly higher in group A and B than in group C and D (A,C: p = 0.0065, Odds Ratio (OR): 0.0294; A,D: p = 0.0019, OR: 0.0132; B,C: p = 0.0065, OR: 0.0294, B,D: p = 0.0019, OR: 0.0132). RF scores were not significantly different among groups A and group B (A,B: p > 0.9999) or between groups C and D (C,D: p = 0.6050). The current study suggests that mentalizing skills might be rather slow to improve by training, but that they might be influenced by the context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
15 pages, 1384 KiB  
Article
Development and Psychometric Properties of MisoQuest—A New Self-Report Questionnaire for Misophonia
by Marta Siepsiak, Andrzej Śliwerski and Wojciech Łukasz Dragan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(5), 1797; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17051797 - 10 Mar 2020
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 6682
Abstract
Background: Misophonia is a condition related to experiencing psychophysiological sensations when exposed to specific sound triggers. In spite of progress in research on the subject, a fully validated questionnaire assessing misophonia has not been published yet. The goal of this study was [...] Read more.
Background: Misophonia is a condition related to experiencing psychophysiological sensations when exposed to specific sound triggers. In spite of progress in research on the subject, a fully validated questionnaire assessing misophonia has not been published yet. The goal of this study was to create and validate a new questionnaire to measure misophonia. Methods: MisoQuest is based on the diagnostic criteria proposed by Schröder et al. in 2013, with minor changes implemented by the authors of MisoQuest. A total of 705 participants took part in the study, completing the online questionnaires. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and analyses using the Item Response Theory (IRT) were performed. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The reliability of the MisoQuest was excellent (α = 0.955). The stability at five weeks was strong. There was a significant difference in results between people classified as those with misophonia and those without misophonia. Conclusions: MisoQuest has good psychometric values and can be helpful in the identification of misophonia. A deeper analysis showed that certain triggers might be more specific for people with misophonia. Consideration of violent behavior in response to misophonic triggers as a symptom of misophonia was undermined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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12 pages, 718 KiB  
Article
Interpretation and Working through Contemptuous Facial Micro-Expressions Benefits the Patient-Therapist Relationship
by Felicitas Datz, Guoruey Wong and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(24), 4901; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph16244901 - 04 Dec 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3783
Abstract
Introduction: The significance of psychotherapeutic micro-processes, such as nonverbal facial expressions and relationship quality, is widely known, yet hitherto has not been investigated satisfactorily. In this exploratory study, we aim to examine the occurrence of micro-processes during psychotherapeutic treatment sessions, specifically facial micro-expressions, [...] Read more.
Introduction: The significance of psychotherapeutic micro-processes, such as nonverbal facial expressions and relationship quality, is widely known, yet hitherto has not been investigated satisfactorily. In this exploratory study, we aim to examine the occurrence of micro-processes during psychotherapeutic treatment sessions, specifically facial micro-expressions, in order to shed light on their impact on psychotherapeutic interactions and patient-clinician relationships. Methods: In analyzing 22 video recordings of psychiatric interviews in a routine/acute psychiatric care unit of Vienna General Hospital, we were able to investigate clinicians’ and patients’ facial micro-expressions in conjunction with verbal interactions and types. To this end, we employed the Emotion Facial Action Coding System (EmFACS)—assessing the action units and microexpressions—and the Psychodynamic Intervention List (PIL). Also, the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), assessed after each session by both patients and clinicians, provided information on the subjective quality of the clinician–patient relationship. Results: We found that interpretative/confrontative interventions are associated with displays of contempt from both therapists and patients. Interestingly, displays of contempt also correlated with higher WAI scores. We propose that these seemingly contradictory results may be a consequence of the complexity of affects and the interplay of primary and secondary emotions with intervention type. Conclusion: Interpretation, confrontation, and working through contemptuous microexpressions are major elements to the adequate control major pathoplastic elements. Affect-cognitive interplay is an important mediator in the working alliance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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12 pages, 290 KiB  
Article
Capturing the Unconscious—The “Psychoanalytic Core Competency Q-Sort”. An Innovative Tool Investigating Psychodynamic Therapeutic Skills
by Karoline Parth, Isabelle Wolf and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(23), 4700; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph16234700 - 26 Nov 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2551
Abstract
The Psychoanalytic Core Competency Q-Sort (PCC Q-Sort) is a newly developed empirical research tool that allows for the description and illustration of the ways psychodynamically-oriented psychotherapists work. It provides a simple, straightforward rating procedure utilizing a well-established q-sort method. The present pilot study [...] Read more.
The Psychoanalytic Core Competency Q-Sort (PCC Q-Sort) is a newly developed empirical research tool that allows for the description and illustration of the ways psychodynamically-oriented psychotherapists work. It provides a simple, straightforward rating procedure utilizing a well-established q-sort method. The present pilot study describes the psychoanalytic core competency items and discusses the development procedure of the instrument as well as statistical analysis of ratings from psychoanalytic sessions, including inter-rater reliability as well as preliminary findings on possible construct validity. Additionally, a factor analysis was performed. Values were assessed by applying the PCC Q-Sort to 30 audio recordings of psychoanalytic sessions. The results of the present study indicate that the PCC Q-Sort is a reliable process research instrument that allows for a detailed investigation of psychotherapy processes in psychodynamic psychotherapies and change processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
13 pages, 1970 KiB  
Article
The Human Ecological Perspective and Biopsychosocial Medicine
by Felix Tretter and Henriette Löffler-Stastka
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(21), 4230; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph16214230 - 31 Oct 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4358
Abstract
With regard to philosophical anthropology, a human ecological framework for the human–environment relationship as an “ecology of the person” is outlined, which focuses on the term “relationship” and aims to be scientifically sound. It also provides theoretical orientations for multiprofessional clinical work. For [...] Read more.
With regard to philosophical anthropology, a human ecological framework for the human–environment relationship as an “ecology of the person” is outlined, which focuses on the term “relationship” and aims to be scientifically sound. It also provides theoretical orientations for multiprofessional clinical work. For this purpose, a multi-dimensional basic grid for the characterization of the individual human being is proposed. The necessity and meaningfulness of a differentiation and systematization of the terms “environment”, and above all “relationship”, are demonstrated, and practical examples and links to similar framework models are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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2 pages, 246 KiB  
Erratum
Erratum: Therapeutic Atmosphere in Psychotherapy Sessions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4105
by Marte L. Siegel, Eva M. Gullestad Binder, Hanne Sofie J. Dahl, Nikolai O. Czajkowski, Kenneth L. Critchfield, Per A. Høglend and Randi Ulberg
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(14), 5241; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17145241 - 20 Jul 2020
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Abstract
The authors wish to make the following correction to their paper [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
7 pages, 4246 KiB  
Brief Report
Acute Limb Ischemia after Intake of the Phenylethylamine Derivate NBOMe
by Patricia P. Wadowski, Georgiana-Aura Giurgea, Oliver Schlager, Anton Luf, Thomas Gremmel, Eva-Luise Hobl, Sylvia Unterhumer, Henriette Löffler-Stastka and Renate Koppensteiner
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(24), 5071; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph16245071 - 12 Dec 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2713
Abstract
Objective: N-(2-methoxy) benzyl-phenethylamine (NBOMe) derivatives have a high affinity to the serotonin receptor 2A and emerged as new psychedelic agents. We report the case of a 30-year-old man admitted to the hospital because of acute ischemia of the left arm with clinical [...] Read more.
Objective: N-(2-methoxy) benzyl-phenethylamine (NBOMe) derivatives have a high affinity to the serotonin receptor 2A and emerged as new psychedelic agents. We report the case of a 30-year-old man admitted to the hospital because of acute ischemia of the left arm with clinical symptoms of pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, and a motoric deficit. The patient had a history of schizophrenia and drug abuse and disclosed during the hospital stay the sublingual intake of a substance bought as 25I-NBOMe the night before the ischemic event. Methods: Routine clinical diagnostics including among others color-coded duplex sonography and computed tomography angiography (CTA) were performed. The remainder of the drugs was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: Initial color-coded duplex sonography of the upper left limb showed pathological flow profiles of the axillary, brachial, ulnar, and radial artery with a reduced diameter of the ulnar (0.9 mm) and radial (1.1 mm) artery. In consequence, peripheral vasospasm, distal arterial thrombosis, or arterial embolization was anticipated. As therapeutic measures, the patient immediately received intravenous systemic vasodilators (alprostadil) and therapeutic anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin. Instant symptom improvement was observed within the first day after therapy initiation. The subsequently performed CTA of the heart and left arm showed no signs of thrombotic material. Treatment was continued for five days and the patient was released thereafter having completely normalized perfusion in his left arm. Outpatient treatment was continued with calcium-channel blockers, as the patient had also displayed arterial hypertension. Drug analysis retrieved a composition of the isomers 25I-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25H-NBOMe as well as traces of pentylon. Conclusion: NBOMe ingestion implicates the risk of peripheral vasospasms with severe, limb-threatening ischemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ingredients for a Sustainable Wholesome Network in Mental Health)
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