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Adrenal Disease beyond Arterial Hypertension: Metabolic and Cardiovascular Aspects

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2020) | Viewed by 8149

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Unit of Secondary Arterial Hypertension, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00165 Rome, Italy
Interests: adrenal diseases; primary aldosteronism; hypercortisolism; Cushing's syndrome; arterial hypertension; secondary hypertension; pheochromocytoma; obesity; osteoporosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the specific constitution of two different parts with separate embryonic origins (the adrenal cortex producing specific steroid hormones and the adrenal medulla derived from chromaffin tissue contributing to adrenergic tone), the adrenal glands (AGs) are physiologically involved in the regulation of multiple physiological pathways regarding blood pressure behaviors, metabolic regulation, and response to any form of stress. In routine activity, diseases involving AGs vary from non-functional adrenal masses incidentally discovered to alterations due to functional status, especially related to autonomous secretion of the main hormones derived from AGs: primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome, and pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma.

Recent studies also highlight the pivotal role of the adrenal glands in metabolic- and cardiac obesity-related complications, especially the potential role of the fat deposit surrounding the adrenal tumors. Adrenal dysfunction leads to several complications beyond blood pressure regulation, through direct action of different adrenal hormones.

We invite investigators to contribute original research articles as well as review articles that speculate upon and investigate the continuing efforts to understand the clinical relevance, molecular pathology underlying adrenal gland diseases, the development of strategies to diagnose and treat these conditions, and the evaluation of outcomes.

We are particularly interested in articles describing the physiopathological aspects and systemic involvement of hormonal dysfunction due to adrenal diseases and advances in molecular genetics and molecular diagnostics. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Recent developments in diagnosis and management of adrenal gland diseases
  • Advances in genetics of adrenal gland diseases
  • Latest technologies for clinical evaluation and measuring outcomes
  • Role of adrenal hormones in metabolic dysfunction

Prof. Claudio Letizia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • adrenal diseases
  • primary aldosteronism
  • Subclinical hypercortisolism
  • Cushing's Syndrome
  • pheochromocytoma
  • obesity related diseases
  • Cardiomiopathy and adrenal disease
  • Pheochormocytoma/Paraganglioma Syndrome

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 468 KiB  
Review
Cushing’s Syndrome Effects on the Thyroid
by Rosa Maria Paragliola, Andrea Corsello, Giampaolo Papi, Alfredo Pontecorvi and Salvatore Maria Corsello
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(6), 3131; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22063131 - 19 Mar 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7751
Abstract
The most known effects of endogenous Cushing’s syndrome are the phenotypic changes and metabolic consequences. However, hypercortisolism can exert important effects on other endocrine axes. The hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis activity can be impaired by the inappropriate cortisol secretion, which determinates the clinical and biochemical [...] Read more.
The most known effects of endogenous Cushing’s syndrome are the phenotypic changes and metabolic consequences. However, hypercortisolism can exert important effects on other endocrine axes. The hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis activity can be impaired by the inappropriate cortisol secretion, which determinates the clinical and biochemical features of the “central hypothyroidism”. These findings have been confirmed by several clinical studies, which also showed that the cure of hypercortisolism can determine the recovery of normal hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis activity. During active Cushing’s syndrome, the “immunological tolerance” guaranteed by the hypercortisolism can mask, in predisposed patients, the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases, which increases in prevalence after the resolution of hypercortisolism. However, the immunological mechanism is not the only factor that contributes to this phenomenon, which probably includes also deiodinase-impaired activity. Cushing’s syndrome can also have an indirect impact on thyroid function, considering that some drugs used for the medical control of hypercortisolism are associated with alterations in the thyroid function test. These considerations suggest the utility to check the thyroid function in Cushing’s syndrome patients, both during the active disease and after its remission. Full article
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