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Biomechanics of Cancer Progression: From Single-Molecule Mechanics to Mechanomedicine

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 7532

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
Interests: biophysics; physics of cancer; biomechanics; atomic force microscopy; biospectroscopy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few decades, the rapidly expanding field of biomechanics has broadened our understanding of how factors such as mechanical properties and forces affect molecules, cells, and tissues during development, differentiation, and homeostasis of living systems. Physical signals arise and apply at many different scales governing pathological processes. Cancer development and progression, among other biological pathways, can be seen as a mechanically driven process that occurs at the nanoscale but ultimately translates all the way up to entire organisms. Many physical assays to measure the viscoelasticity and fluidity, adhesiveness, stress relaxation, and creep compliance of cancer cells and tissues are proposed to serve as mechanomarkers of cancer development, but until now, an estimation of the likely course of a disease cannot be made on this basis by routine clinical tests. Therefore, a new bridge linking the biomechanical description of living systems with their biological function for clinical applications is needed. This Special Issue aims to fill this gap and expand our knowledge of biomechanical factors guiding cancer progression as well as exploring whether cancer progression can be hindered mechanically.

Dr. Katarzyna Pogoda
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cell mechanics
  • tissue rheology
  • mechanobiology
  • mechanosensing
  • mechanomarkers
  • mechanomedicine
  • biomechanics of cancer
  • mechanically driven cancer progression

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4393 KiB  
Article
Nanomechanical Hallmarks of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Pediatric Patients
by Piotr Deptuła, Łukasz Suprewicz, Tamara Daniluk, Andrzej Namiot, Sylwia Joanna Chmielewska, Urszula Daniluk, Dariusz Lebensztejn and Robert Bucki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5624; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22115624 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3296
Abstract
Background: the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer development related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has not been fully understood, and further studies are still needed. Information regarding nanomechanical aspects of pathophysiological events that occur during H. pylori infection can be [...] Read more.
Background: the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer development related to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has not been fully understood, and further studies are still needed. Information regarding nanomechanical aspects of pathophysiological events that occur during H. pylori infection can be crucial in the development of new prevention, treatment, and diagnostic measures against clinical consequences associated with H. pylori infection, including gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. Methods: in this study, we assessed mechanical properties of children’s healthy and H. pylori positive stomach tissues and the mechanical response of human gastric cells exposed to heat-treated H. pylori cells using atomic force microscopy (AFM NanoWizard 4 BioScience JPK Instruments Bruker). Elastic modulus (i.e., the Young’s modulus) was derived from the Hertz–Sneddon model applied to force-indentation curves. Human tissue samples were evaluated using rapid urease tests to identify H. pylori positive samples, and the presence of H. pylori cells in those samples was confirmed using immunohistopathological staining. Results and conclusion: collected data suggest that nanomechanical properties of infected tissue might be considered as markers indicated H. pylori presence since infected tissues are softer than uninfected ones. At the cellular level, this mechanical response is at least partially mediated by cell cytoskeleton remodeling indicating that gastric cells are able to tune their mechanical properties when subjected to the presence of H. pylori products. Persistent fluctuations of tissue mechanical properties in response to H. pylori infection might, in the long-term, promote induction of cancer development. Full article
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19 pages, 6898 KiB  
Article
Cell Force-Driven Basement Membrane Disruption Fuels EGF- and Stiffness-Induced Invasive Cell Dissemination from Benign Breast Gland Acini
by Aljona Gaiko-Shcherbak, Julian Eschenbruch, Nils M. Kronenberg, Michael Teske, Benjamin Wolters, Ronald Springer, Malte C. Gather, Rudolf Merkel, Bernd Hoffmann and Erik Noetzel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(8), 3962; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22083962 - 12 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3253
Abstract
Local basement membrane (BM) disruption marks the initial step of breast cancer invasion. The activation mechanisms of force-driven BM-weakening remain elusive. We studied the mechanical response of MCF10A-derived human breast cell acini with BMs of tuneable maturation to physical and soluble tumour-like extracellular [...] Read more.
Local basement membrane (BM) disruption marks the initial step of breast cancer invasion. The activation mechanisms of force-driven BM-weakening remain elusive. We studied the mechanical response of MCF10A-derived human breast cell acini with BMs of tuneable maturation to physical and soluble tumour-like extracellular matrix (ECM) cues. Traction force microscopy (TFM) and elastic resonator interference stress microscopy (ERISM) were used to quantify pro-invasive BM stress and protrusive forces. Substrate stiffening and mechanically impaired BM scaffolds induced the invasive transition of benign acini synergistically. Robust BM scaffolds attenuated this invasive response. Additional oncogenic EGFR activation compromised the BMs’ barrier function, fuelling invasion speed and incidence. Mechanistically, EGFR-PI3-Kinase downstream signalling modulated both MMP- and force-driven BM-weakening processes. We show that breast acini form non-proteolytic and BM-piercing filopodia for continuous matrix mechanosensation, which significantly push and pull on the BM and ECM under pro-invasive conditions. Invasion-triggered acini further shear and compress their BM by contractility-based stresses that were significantly increased (3.7-fold) compared to non-invasive conditions. Overall, the highest amplitudes of protrusive and contractile forces accompanied the highest invasiveness. This work provides a mechanistic concept for tumour ECM-induced mechanically misbalanced breast glands fuelling force-driven BM disruption. Finally, this could facilitate early cell dissemination from pre-invasive lesions to metastasize eventually. Full article
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