ijms-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

Genetics of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 13846

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Molecular Brain Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
Interests: circadian rhythms; melatonin and their roles in human behaviour in health and disease

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, London, ON, Canada
Interests: psychiatric genetics; pharmacogenetics; genetics of sleep measures; schizophrenia; depression; bipolar disorder; personality disorders

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Humans, like all living beings on our planet, exist in a 24-hour cycle of alternating light and dark. We, therefore, contain cyclic body systems that permit us to function efficiently and sleep, wake, eat, work, and rest at times that are appropriate for our cycling environment. This Special Issue addresses the genetic and molecular basis of our circadian rhythms and sleep–wake cycle. A master clock, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, maintains a rhythm of close to 24 hours that is synchronized to the environment predominantly by a light signal from the retina. That clock, in turn, regulates numerous cellular clocks in body systems by neural, autonomic, and neuroendocrine signals. It also feeds into and receives input from the lateral hypothalamus that permits integration with the sleep–wake regulating system. The importance of these systems cannot be underestimated. Disturbances of circadian regulation and sleep–wake timing mechanisms can lead to severe disorders and in some cases may be incompatible with continued existence. It should also be noted that the 2017 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael Young for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling circadian rhythms.

Prof. Gregory Michael Brown
Prof. James L. Kennedy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

20 pages, 2082 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Circadian Rhythm on the Activity of Oxidative Stress Enzymes
by Marta Budkowska, Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć, Zuzanna Marcinowska, Aldona Siennicka and Barbara Dołęgowska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(22), 14275; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms232214275 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1598
Abstract
The circadian system synchronizes daily with the day–night cycle of our environment. Disruption of this rhythm impacts the emergence and development of many diseases caused, for example, by the overproduction of free radicals, leading to oxidative damage of cellular components. The goal of [...] Read more.
The circadian system synchronizes daily with the day–night cycle of our environment. Disruption of this rhythm impacts the emergence and development of many diseases caused, for example, by the overproduction of free radicals, leading to oxidative damage of cellular components. The goal of this study was to determine the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (R-GSSG), and the concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the circadian rhythm. The study group comprised 66 healthy volunteers (20–50 years; 33 women; 33 men). The blood was collected at 2, 8 a.m., and 2, 8 p.m. All samples marked the serum melatonin concentration to confirm the correct sleeping rhythm and wakefulness throughout the day. The activity of study enzymes and the concentration of GSH were measured by the spectrophotometric method. Confirmed the existence of circadian regulation of oxidative stress enzymes except for GST activity. The peak of activity of study enzymes and GSH concentration was observed at 2 a.m. The increased activity of enzymes and the increase in GSH concentration observed at night indicate that during sleep, processes allowing to maintain of the redox balance are intensified, thus limiting the formation of oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep)
Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 3889 KiB  
Article
Integrative Role of 14-3-3ε in Sleep Regulation
by Yu Wei, Juan Du and Zhangwu Zhao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(18), 9748; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22189748 - 09 Sep 2021
Viewed by 1931
Abstract
Sleep is a crucial factor for health and survival in all animals. In this study, we found by proteomic analysis that some cancer related proteins were impacted by the circadian clock. The 14-3-3ε protein, expression of which is activated by the circadian transcription [...] Read more.
Sleep is a crucial factor for health and survival in all animals. In this study, we found by proteomic analysis that some cancer related proteins were impacted by the circadian clock. The 14-3-3ε protein, expression of which is activated by the circadian transcription factor Clock, regulates adult sleep of Drosophila independent of circadian rhythm. Detailed analysis of the sleep regulatory mechanism shows that 14-3-3ε directly targets the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene to activate transcription of the pigment dispersing factor (PDF). The dopamine receptor (Dop1R1) and the octopamine receptor (Oamb), are also involved in the 14-3-3ε pathway, which in 14-3-3ε mutant flies causes increases in the dopR1 and OAMB, while downregulation of the DopR1 and Oamb can restore the sleep phenotype caused by the 14-3-3ε mutation. In conclusion, 14-3-3ε is necessary for sleep regulation in Drosophila. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

17 pages, 2021 KiB  
Review
Disruption of Circadian Rhythm Genes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients—Possible Mechanisms Involved and Clinical Implication
by Agata Gabryelska, Szymon Turkiewicz, Filip Franciszek Karuga, Marcin Sochal, Dominik Strzelecki and Piotr Białasiewicz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(2), 709; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23020709 - 10 Jan 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4320
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing caused by the collapse of the upper airways, which results in intermittent hypoxia and arousals during the night. The disorder is associated with a vast number of comorbidities affecting [...] Read more.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing caused by the collapse of the upper airways, which results in intermittent hypoxia and arousals during the night. The disorder is associated with a vast number of comorbidities affecting different systems, including cardiovascular, metabolic, psychiatric, and neurological complications. Due to abnormal sleep architecture, OSA patients are at high risk of circadian clock disruption, as has been reported in several recent studies. The circadian clock affects almost all daily behavioral patterns, as well as a plethora of physiological processes, and might be one of the key factors contributing to OSA complications. An intricate interaction between the circadian clock and hypoxia may further affect these processes, which has a strong foundation on the molecular level. Recent studies revealed an interaction between hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a key regulator of oxygen metabolism, and elements of circadian clocks. This relationship has a strong base in the structure of involved elements, as HIF-1 as well as PER, CLOCK, and BMAL, belong to the same Per-Arnt-Sim domain family. Therefore, this review summarizes the available knowledge on the molecular mechanism of circadian clock disruption and its influence on the development and progression of OSA comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep)
Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 508 KiB  
Review
The Circadian Physiology: Implications in Livestock Health
by Hao Li, Kaiqi Li, Kexin Zhang, Yanwei Li, Haotian Gu, Haoyu Liu, Zhangping Yang and Demin Cai
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 2111; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22042111 - 20 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4953
Abstract
Circadian rhythms exist in almost all types of cells in mammals. Thousands of genes exhibit approximately 24 h oscillations in their expression levels, making the circadian clock a crucial regulator of their normal functioning. In this regard, environmental factors to which internal physiological [...] Read more.
Circadian rhythms exist in almost all types of cells in mammals. Thousands of genes exhibit approximately 24 h oscillations in their expression levels, making the circadian clock a crucial regulator of their normal functioning. In this regard, environmental factors to which internal physiological processes are synchronized (e.g., nutrition, feeding/eating patterns, timing and light exposure), become critical to optimize animal physiology, both by managing energy use and by realigning the incompatible processes. Once the circadian clock is disrupted, animals will face the increased risks of diseases, especially metabolic phenotypes. However, little is known about the molecular components of these clocks in domestic species and by which they respond to external stimuli. Here we review evidence for rhythmic control of livestock production and summarize the associated physiological functions, and the molecular mechanisms of the circadian regulation in pig, sheep and cattle. Identification of environmental and physiological inputs that affect circadian gene expressions will help development of novel targets and the corresponding approaches to optimize production efficiency in farm animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop