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Advances and Perspectives in Epigenetics and Autoimmune Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6456

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Special Issue Information

This Special Issue will focus on the growing roles of epigenetics in autoimmune diseases, from the contribution of epigenetic modifications to disease onset and progression. However, and despite the repeated description of epigenetic changes during the course of autoimmune diseases, in tandem with environmental factors including drug exposure and genetic traits, we are far from fully understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to the development, progression, and therapeutic response of complex diseases such as autoimmune diseases. Accordingly and for this Special Issue, we will consider original review, research, or method manuscripts related to the molecular, cellular, and clinical significance of epigenetic aberrations as well as treatments based on the modulation of epigenetic mechanisms in the clinical management of autoimmune diseases.

Prof. Dr. Yves Renaudineau
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • epigenetics
  • autoimmunity
  • genetics
  • DNA methylation
  • histone modification
  • microRNA

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

19 pages, 1559 KiB  
Review
Contribution of Dysregulated DNA Methylation to Autoimmunity
by Samanta C. Funes, Ayleen Fernández-Fierro, Diego Rebolledo-Zelada, Juan P. Mackern-Oberti and Alexis M. Kalergis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 11892; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms222111892 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2610
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are known regulators of gene expression and genomic stability in cell growth, development, and differentiation. Because epigenetic mechanisms can regulate several immune system elements, epigenetic alterations have been found in several autoimmune [...] Read more.
Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are known regulators of gene expression and genomic stability in cell growth, development, and differentiation. Because epigenetic mechanisms can regulate several immune system elements, epigenetic alterations have been found in several autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation, involved in autoimmune diseases in which T cells play a significant role. For example, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus display differential gene methylation, mostly hypomethylated 5′-C-phosphate-G-3′ (CpG) sites that may associate with disease activity. However, a clear association between DNA methylation, gene expression, and disease pathogenesis must be demonstrated. A better understanding of the impact of epigenetic modifications on the onset of autoimmunity will contribute to the design of novel therapeutic approaches for these diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Perspectives in Epigenetics and Autoimmune Diseases)
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17 pages, 11708 KiB  
Review
MicroRNAs in Lupus Nephritis–Role in Disease Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications
by Benjamin Y. F. So, Desmond Y. H. Yap and Tak Mao Chan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(19), 10737; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms221910737 - 04 Oct 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3088
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding small RNAs that act as epigenetic modulators to regulate the protein levels of target mRNAs without modifying the genetic sequences. The role of miRs in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) is increasingly recognized and highly complex. Altered levels [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding small RNAs that act as epigenetic modulators to regulate the protein levels of target mRNAs without modifying the genetic sequences. The role of miRs in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) is increasingly recognized and highly complex. Altered levels of different miRs are observed in the blood, urine and kidney tissues of murine LN models and LN patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that these miRs can modulate immune cells and various key inflammatory pathways, and their perturbations contribute to the aberrant immune response in LN. The dysregulation of miRs in different resident renal cells and urinary exosomes can also lead to abnormal renal cell proliferation, inflammation and kidney fibrosis in LN. While miRs may hold promise in various clinical applications in LN patients, there are still many potential limitations and safety concerns for their use. Further studies are worthwhile to examine the clinical utility of miRs in the diagnosis, disease activity monitoring, prognostication and treatment of LN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Perspectives in Epigenetics and Autoimmune Diseases)
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