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Plant Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Sickness and in Health 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 15743

Special Issue Editor

Center of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
Interests: cell division plane orientation; cell morphogenesis; confocal laser scanning microscopy; microtubule dynamics; mitogen activated protein kinases; mitotic spindle; phragmoplast; plant cytoskeleton; spinning disk microscopy; structured illumination microscopy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mitogen activated protein kinase cascades of plants represent very diverse signaling modules underlying almost every aspect of plant sensing. They play key roles in decoding environmental conditions and mediate short-, mid-, and long-term responses of plant adaptation to various abiotic stresses. Meanwhile, they underlie biotic interactions between plants and other organisms and are integral to innate immunity mechanisms. Finally, MAPKs have been identified in key developmental functions that lead to tissue patterning and organ formation in plants in response to developmentally or conditionally controlled hormonal signals. Given the importance of MAPK signaling in plant biology, this Special Issue has a very broad scope and will host papers on the following topics: the involvement of specific MAPKs (MAPKKKs, MAPKKs) in abiotic stress responses of model and non-model plants, the involvement of specific MAPKs (MAPKKKs, MAPKKs) in biotic interactions of model and non-model plants, the involvement of specific MAPKs (MAPKKKs, MAPKKs) in developmental processes including the regulation of cell division plane orientation, the progression of mitosis and cytokinesis, or the control of cell growth after environmental stimulation.  

Dr. George Komis
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2457 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Phosphorylation of miRNA Biogenesis Factor HYL1 by MPK3 Involving Nuclear–Cytoplasmic Shuttling and Protein Stability in Arabidopsis
by Prakash Kumar Bhagat, Deepanjali Verma, Kirti Singh, Raghuram Badmi, Deepika Sharma and Alok Krishna Sinha
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(7), 3787; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23073787 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3004
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the prime regulators of gene expression. The recruitment of hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1), a double-stranded RNA binding protein also termed as DRB1, to the microprocessor complex is crucial for accurate primary-miRNA (pri-miRNA) processing and the accumulation of mature [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the prime regulators of gene expression. The recruitment of hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1), a double-stranded RNA binding protein also termed as DRB1, to the microprocessor complex is crucial for accurate primary-miRNA (pri-miRNA) processing and the accumulation of mature miRNA in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present study, we investigated the role of the MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of AtHYL1 and its sub-cellular activity. AtMPK3 specifically phosphorylates AtHYL1 at the evolutionarily conserved serine-42 present at the N-terminal regions and plays an important role in its nuclear–cytosolic shuttling. Additionally, we identified that AtHYL1 is cleaved by trypsin-like proteases into an N-terminal fragment, which renders its subcellular activities. We, for the first time, report that the dimerization of AtHYL1 not only takes place in the nucleus, but also in the cytosol, and the C-terminal of AtHYL1 has a role in regulating its stability, as well as its subcellular localization. AtHYL1 is hyper-phosphorylated in mpk3 mutants, leading to higher stability and reduced degradation. Our data show that AtMPK3 is a negative regulator of AtHYL1 protein stability and that the AtMPK3-induced phosphorylation of AtHYL1 leads to its protein degradation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Sickness and in Health 2.0)
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16 pages, 41741 KiB  
Article
The Protein Phosphatase GhAP2C1 Interacts Together with GhMPK4 to Synergistically Regulate the Immune Response to Fusarium oxysporum in Cotton
by Dezheng Guo, Cuihong Hao, Junbin Hou, Guangdong Zhao, Wenlu Shan, Huijuan Guo, Chen Wang and Xingqi Guo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(4), 2014; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23042014 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1502
Abstract
The plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays an important role in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and is the main pathway through which extracellular stimuli are transduced intracellularly as signals. Our previous research showed that the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway [...] Read more.
The plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays an important role in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and is the main pathway through which extracellular stimuli are transduced intracellularly as signals. Our previous research showed that the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway plays an important role in cotton immunity. To further analyze the role and regulatory mechanism of the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway in cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt, we functionally analyzed GhMPK4. Our results show that silencing GhMPK4 reduces cotton tolerance to Fusarium wilt and reduces the expression of several resistance genes. Further experiments revealed that GhMPK4 is similar to GhMKK6, both of whose overexpression cause unfavorable cotton immune response characteristics. By using a yeast two-hybrid screening library and performing a bioinformatics analysis, we screened and identified a negative regulator of the MAPK kinase-protein phosphatase AP2C1. Through the functional analysis of AP2C1, it was found that, after being silenced, GhAP2C1 increased resistance to Fusarium wilt, but GhAP2C1 overexpression caused sensitivity to Fusarium wilt. These findings show that GhAP2C1 interacts together with GhMPK4 to regulate the immune response of cotton to Fusarium oxysporum, which provides important data for functionally analyzing and studying the feedback regulatory mechanism of the MAPK cascade and helps to clarify the regulatory mechanism through which the MAPK cascade acts in response to pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Sickness and in Health 2.0)
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Review

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15 pages, 690 KiB  
Review
Regulatory Mechanisms of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in Plants: More than Sequential Phosphorylation
by Haigang Ma, Yujiao Gao, Yonggang Wang, Yi Dai and Hongxiang Ma
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(7), 3572; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23073572 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3033
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play crucial roles in almost all biological processes in plants. They transduce extracellular cues into cells, typically through linear and sequential phosphorylation and activation of members of the signaling cascades. However, accumulating data suggest various regulatory mechanisms of [...] Read more.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play crucial roles in almost all biological processes in plants. They transduce extracellular cues into cells, typically through linear and sequential phosphorylation and activation of members of the signaling cascades. However, accumulating data suggest various regulatory mechanisms of plant MAPK cascades in addition to the traditional phosphorylation pathway, in concert with their large numbers and coordinated roles in plant responses to complex ectocytic signals. Here, we highlight recent studies that describe the uncanonical mechanism of regulation of MAPK cascades, regarding the activation of each tier of the signaling cascades. More particularly, we discuss the unusual role for MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) in the regulation of MAPK cascades, as accumulating data suggest the non-MAPKKK function of many MAPKKKs. In addition, future work on the biochemical activation of MAPK members that needs attention will be discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Sickness and in Health 2.0)
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17 pages, 1956 KiB  
Review
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Substrate Identification in Plant Growth and Development
by Min Jiang, Youze Zhang, Peng Li, Jinjing Jian, Changling Zhao and Guosong Wen
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(5), 2744; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23052744 - 02 Mar 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7281
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) form tightly controlled signaling cascades that play essential roles in plant growth, development, and defense response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MAPK cascades are still very elusive, largely because of our poor understanding of how they relay the signals. [...] Read more.
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) form tightly controlled signaling cascades that play essential roles in plant growth, development, and defense response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MAPK cascades are still very elusive, largely because of our poor understanding of how they relay the signals. The MAPK cascade is composed of MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK. They transfer signals through the phosphorylation of MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK in turn. MAPKs are organized into a complex network for efficient transmission of specific stimuli. This review summarizes the research progress in recent years on the classification and functions of MAPK cascades under various conditions in plants, especially the research status and general methods available for identifying MAPK substrates, and provides suggestions for future research directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Sickness and in Health 2.0)
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