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Magnesium in Development and Aging
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Magnesium in Development and Aging

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9471

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sara Castiglioni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
Interests: molecular and cellular biology;osteogenic and miogenic differentiation; magnesium; microgravity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessandra Cazzaniga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
Interests: magnesium; organoids; iPS; mesenchymal stem cells; endothelium
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Laura Locatelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
Interests: magnesium; endothelium; microfluidics; glucose; metabolism; mitochondria
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Development and aging represent the two extremes of life, both driven by programmed molecular mechanisms and environmental conditions, including nutrition. Network analyses highlight a link between the genetics of aging and development in mammals.

Albeit it is the forgotten cation, magnesium is indispensable for metabolism, stabilization of macromolecules, and many physiological processes, including growth and differentiation. In reflecting on the centrality of magnesium, it should be recalled that it plays a number of important roles: in inflammation, in the complex process involved in aging, as well as in forming the embryonic stem cell niche and the maternal–fetal interface. Moreover, the impairment of magnesium homeostasis contributes to several diseases, some of which are associated with aging.

This Special Issue calls for papers that, in particular, report novel findings associated with magnesium, development, metabolism and aging

Prof. Sara Castiglioni
Dr. Alessandra Cazzaniga
Dr. Laura Locatelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • magnesium
  • development
  • differentiation
  • aging
  • senescence
  • organoids
  • pregnancy
  • placenta
  • stem cells
  • metabolism

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2279 KiB  
Article
The Presence of Blood–Brain Barrier Modulates the Response to Magnesium Salts in Human Brain Organoids
by Alessandra Cazzaniga, Giorgia Fedele, Sara Castiglioni and Jeanette A. Maier
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 5133; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23095133 - 04 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2344
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is fundamental in the brain, where it regulates metabolism and neurotransmission and protects against neuroinflammation. To obtain insights into the molecular basis of Mg action in the brain, we investigated the effects of Mg in human brain organoids, a revolutionary 3D [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg) is fundamental in the brain, where it regulates metabolism and neurotransmission and protects against neuroinflammation. To obtain insights into the molecular basis of Mg action in the brain, we investigated the effects of Mg in human brain organoids, a revolutionary 3D model to study neurobiology and neuropathology. In particular, brain organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were cultured in the presence or in the absence of an in vitro-generated blood–brain barrier (BBB), and then exposed to 1 or 5 mM concentrations of inorganic and organic Mg salts (Mg sulphate (MgSO4); Mg pidolate (MgPid)). We evaluated the modulation of NMDA and GABAergic receptors, and BDNF. Our data suggest that the presence of the BBB is essential for Mg to exert its effects on brain organoids, and that 5 mM of MgPid is more effective than MgSO4 in increasing the levels of GABA receptors and BDNF, and decreasing those of NMDA receptor. These results might illuminate novel pathways explaining the neuroprotective role of Mg. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnesium in Development and Aging)
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12 pages, 3471 KiB  
Article
Magnesium Homeostasis in Myogenic Differentiation—A Focus on the Regulation of TRPM7, MagT1 and SLC41A1 Transporters
by Monica Zocchi, Laura Locatelli, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, André Mazur, Daniel Béchet, Jeanette A. Maier and Sara Castiglioni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1658; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23031658 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2323
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is essential for skeletal muscle health, but little is known about the modulation of Mg and its transporters in myogenic differentiation. Here, we show in C2C12 murine myoblasts that Mg concentration fluctuates during their differentiation to myotubes, declining early in the [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg) is essential for skeletal muscle health, but little is known about the modulation of Mg and its transporters in myogenic differentiation. Here, we show in C2C12 murine myoblasts that Mg concentration fluctuates during their differentiation to myotubes, declining early in the process and reverting to basal levels once the cells are differentiated. The level of the Mg transporter MagT1 decreases at early time points and is restored at the end of the process, suggesting a possible role in the regulation of intracellular Mg concentration. In contrast, TRPM7 is rapidly downregulated and remains undetectable in myotubes. The reduced amounts of TRPM7 and MagT1 are due to autophagy, one of the proteolytic systems activated during myogenesis and essential for the membrane fusion process. Moreover, we investigated the levels of SLC41A1, which increase once cells are differentiated, mainly through transcriptional regulation. In conclusion, myogenesis is associated with alterations of Mg homeostasis finely tuned through the modulation of MagT1, TRPM7 and SLC41A1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnesium in Development and Aging)
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Review

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18 pages, 1161 KiB  
Review
Cross-Talks between the Cardiovascular Disease-Sarcopenia-Osteoporosis Triad and Magnesium in Humans
by Marie-Eva Pickering
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 9102; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22169102 - 23 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3916
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is a pivotal and very complex component of healthy aging in the cardiovascular-muscle-bone triad. Low Mg levels and low Mg intake are common in the general aging population and are associated with poorer outcomes than higher levels, including vascular calcification, endothelial [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg) is a pivotal and very complex component of healthy aging in the cardiovascular-muscle-bone triad. Low Mg levels and low Mg intake are common in the general aging population and are associated with poorer outcomes than higher levels, including vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, osteoporosis, or muscle dysfunction/sarcopenia. While Mg supplementation appears to reverse these processes and benefit the triad, more randomized clinical trials are needed. These will allow improvement of preventive and curative strategies and propose guidelines regarding the pharmaceutical forms and the dosages and durations of treatment in order to optimize and adapt Mg prescription for healthy aging and for older vulnerable persons with comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnesium in Development and Aging)
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