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Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders
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Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 18281

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ez-Zoubir Amri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut de Biologie Valrose, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 28, avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice CEDEX 2, France
Interests: obesity; diabetes; osteoporosis; nutrition; white/brown/brite/beige adipocyte; differentiation; conversion; mitochondria; PPARs; lipid metabolism and signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Osteoporosis, ostearthritis, and overweight/obesity constitute major worldwide public health burdens. Aging is associated with immunosenescence, a decrease in hormonal secretion, lean mass and bone mass, and an increase in fat accumulation. Mesenchymal stem cells represent a common precursor for adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. Obesity, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis are affected by genetic, environmental factors, and life style. Oxytocin belongs to the pituitary hormone family and regulates the function of peripheral target organs. It also modulates a wide range of behaviors, such as social recognition, love, and fear. The levels of oxytocin decrease with age and are under the control of estrogens. An established crosstalk between bone, adipose tissue, cartilage, and muscle has been evidenced. Several reports, published recently, show clearly that oxytocin could play an important role in the control of metabolic disorders, as well as in autism and Prader–Willi syndrome. Efforts are made to develop an OT-based therapy despite its very rapid turnover.

Dr. Ez-Zoubir Amri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • oxytocin
  • osteoblast
  • adipocyte
  • chondrocyte
  • myocyte
  • obesity
  • osteoporosis
  • osteoarthrosis
  • cardiovascular
  • aging
  • menopause
  • autism
  • Prader–Willi syndrome

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

11 pages, 298 KiB  
Review
Relationship between Oxytocin and Osteoarthritis: Hope or Despair?
by Stephanie Ferrero, Ez-Zoubir Amri and Christian Hubert Roux
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 11784; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms222111784 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is involved in breastfeeding and childbirth and appears to play a role in regulating the bone matrix. OT is synthesized in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and is released in response to numerous stimuli. It also appears to [...] Read more.
Oxytocin (OT) is involved in breastfeeding and childbirth and appears to play a role in regulating the bone matrix. OT is synthesized in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and is released in response to numerous stimuli. It also appears to be produced by osteoblasts in the bone marrow, acting as a paracrine–autocrine regulator of bone formation. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the whole joint. Different tissues involved in OA express OT receptors (OTRs), such as chondrocytes and osteoblasts. This hormone, which levels are reduced in patients with OA, appears to have a stimulatory effect on chondrogenesis. OT involvement in bone biology could occur at both the osteoblast and chondrocyte levels. The relationships between metabolic syndrome, body weight, and OA are well documented, and the possible effects of OT on different parameters of metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes and body weight, are important. In addition, the effects of OT on adipokines and inflammation are also discussed, especially since recent data have shown that low-grade inflammation is also associated with OA. Furthermore, OT also appears to mediate endogenous analgesia in animal and human studies. These observations provide support for the possible interest of OT in OA and its potential therapeutic treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders)
12 pages, 912 KiB  
Review
Oxytocin and Bone: Review and Perspectives
by Véronique Breuil, Marie-Charlotte Trojani and Amri Ez-Zoubir
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 8551; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22168551 - 09 Aug 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3844
Abstract
Recent data demonstrate the anabolic effect of oxytocin on bone. Bone cells express oxytocin receptors. Oxytocin promotes osteoblasts differentiation and function, leading to an increased bone formation with no effect on bone resorption and an improvement of bone microarchitecture. Oxytocin is synthetized by [...] Read more.
Recent data demonstrate the anabolic effect of oxytocin on bone. Bone cells express oxytocin receptors. Oxytocin promotes osteoblasts differentiation and function, leading to an increased bone formation with no effect on bone resorption and an improvement of bone microarchitecture. Oxytocin is synthetized by osteoblasts, and this synthesis is stimulated by estrogen. Animal studies demonstrate a direct action of oxytocin on bone, as the systemic administration of oxytocin prevents and reverses the bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. Although oxytocin is involved in bone formation in both sexes during development, oxytocin treatment has no effect on male osteoporosis, underlining the importance of estrogen that amplifies its local autocrine and paracrine secretion. There are few human data showing a decrease in the oxytocin serum level in anorexia nervosa independently of estrogen and in amenorrheic women associated with impaired bone microarchitecture; in post-menopausal women a higher oxytocin serum level is associated with higher bone density, but not in osteoporotic men. Oxytocin displays many effects that may be beneficial in the management of osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, cognitive disorders, breast cancer, diabetes and body fat gain, all age-related diseases affecting elderly women, opening exciting therapeutic perspectives, although the issue is to find a single route, dosage and schedule able to reach all these targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders)
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32 pages, 5064 KiB  
Review
The Effects of Oxytocin on Appetite Regulation, Food Intake and Metabolism in Humans
by Liya Kerem and Elizabeth A. Lawson
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(14), 7737; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22147737 - 20 Jul 2021
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 9058
Abstract
The hypothalamic peptide oxytocin and its receptor are involved in a range of physiological processes, including parturition, lactation, cell growth, wound healing, and social behavior. More recently, increasing evidence has established the effects of oxytocin on food intake, energy expenditure, and peripheral metabolism. [...] Read more.
The hypothalamic peptide oxytocin and its receptor are involved in a range of physiological processes, including parturition, lactation, cell growth, wound healing, and social behavior. More recently, increasing evidence has established the effects of oxytocin on food intake, energy expenditure, and peripheral metabolism. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the central oxytocinergic system in which oxytocin acts to shape eating behavior and metabolism. Next, we discuss the peripheral beneficial effects oxytocin exerts on key metabolic organs, including suppression of visceral adipose tissue inflammation, skeletal muscle regeneration, and bone tissue mineralization. A brief summary of oxytocin actions learned from animal models is presented, showing that weight loss induced by chronic oxytocin treatment is related not only to its anorexigenic effects, but also to the resulting increase in energy expenditure and lipolysis. Following an in-depth discussion on the technical challenges related to endogenous oxytocin measurements in humans, we synthesize data related to the association between endogenous oxytocin levels, weight status, metabolic syndrome, and bone health. We then review clinical trials showing that in humans, acute oxytocin administration reduces food intake, attenuates fMRI activation of food motivation brain areas, and increases activation of self-control brain regions. Further strengthening the role of oxytocin in appetite regulation, we review conditions of hypothalamic insult and certain genetic pathologies associated with oxytocin depletion that present with hyperphagia, extreme weight gain, and poor metabolic profile. Intranasal oxytocin is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials to learn whether oxytocin-based therapeutics can be used to treat obesity and its associated sequela. At the end of this review, we address the fundamental challenges that remain in translating this line of research to clinical care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders)
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15 pages, 550 KiB  
Review
Oxytocin Involvement in Body Composition Unveils the True Identity of Oxytocin
by Claudia Camerino
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6383; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22126383 - 15 Jun 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2543
Abstract
The origin of the Oxytocin/Vasopressin system dates back about 600 million years. Oxytocin (Oxt) together with Vasopressin (VP) regulate a diversity of physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, metabolism, and social behavior. Oxt/VP-like peptides have been identified in several invertebrate species [...] Read more.
The origin of the Oxytocin/Vasopressin system dates back about 600 million years. Oxytocin (Oxt) together with Vasopressin (VP) regulate a diversity of physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, metabolism, and social behavior. Oxt/VP-like peptides have been identified in several invertebrate species and they are functionally related across the entire animal kingdom. Functional conservation enables future exploitation of invertebrate models to study Oxt’s functions not related to pregnancy and the basic mechanisms of central Oxt/VP signaling. Specifically, Oxt is well known for its effects on uteri contractility and milk ejection as well as on metabolism and energy homeostasis. Moreover, the striking evidence that Oxt is linked to energy regulation is that Oxt- and Oxytocin receptor (Oxtr)-deficient mice show late onset obesity. Interestingly Oxt−/− or Oxtr−/− mice develop weight gain without increasing food intake, suggesting that a lack of Oxt reduce metabolic rate. Oxt is expressed in a diversity of skeletal muscle phenotypes and regulates thermogenesis and bone mass. Oxt may increases skeletal muscle tonicity and/or increases body temperature. In this review, the author compared the three most recent theories on the effects of Oxt on body composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxytocin: Involvement in Metabolic Disorders)
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