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New Research on Brown and White Adipose Tissue
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New Research on Brown and White Adipose Tissue

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 6370

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. María P. Portillo

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lucio Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain
2. CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
3. BIOARABA Institute of Health, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: molecular nutrition; nutritional and metabolic diseases; adipocytes; hepatocytes; lipogenesis; fat; inflammatory biomarkers; obesity; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; insulin signaling; insulin; glucose metabolism; lipid metabolism; insulin resistance; adipogenesis; adipose tissue; liver
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Saioa Gómez-Zorita

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria, Spain
2. CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
3. BIOARABA Institute of Health, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: obesity; liver steatosis; insulin resistance; bioactive compounds; mitochondria; autophagy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The existence of two types of adipose tissue has been described. An important role of white adipose tissue is the storage of triglycerides in the body. In addition, it is an important endocrine organ because it produces a great number of adipokines, which play autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions. By contrast, the main role of brown adipose tissue is thermogenesis, that is, energy dissipation as heat. It is also able to produce batokines. Thus, both tissues are relevant in obesity development and can be interesting targets for obesity prevention and treatment. Moreover, the browning process of white adipose tissue, described as the appearance of brite adipocytes in white adipose tissue, can be induced by several situations. In obese subjects, excess adiposity, low-grade chronic inflammation, altered adipokine production, and tissue dysfunction are described. Furthermore, alterations in brown adipose tissue activity can be observed.The aim of this Special Issue focusing on “New Research on Brown and White Adipose Tissue” is to provide an in-depth overview of recent research concerning new knowledge about adipose tissues, as well as the influence of adipose tissue on etiopathogenesis of several diseases and metabolic alterations, such as cancer, insulin resistance and diabetes, and non- alcoholic fatty liver disease, among others. Contributions are welcome in the form of research papers reporting original results or scientific reviews.

Prof. Dr. María P. Portillo
Dr. Saioa Gómez-Zorita
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • White adipose tissue
  • Brown adipose tissue
  • Brite adipocytes
  • Browning
  • Obesity
  • Cancer
  • Insulin resistance and diabetes
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Inflammation
  • Oxidative stress
  • Adipokines
  • Batokines

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1527 KiB  
Article
Role of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Seasonal Adaptation in the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
by Laura Niiranen, Kari A. Mäkelä, Shivaprakash J. Mutt, Riikka Viitanen, Anna Kaisanlahti, David Vicente, Tommi Noponen, Anu Autio, Anne Roivainen, Pirjo Nuutila, Seppo Saarela and Karl-Heinz Herzig
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(17), 9623; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22179623 - 06 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2563
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) expresses uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), which enables energy to be exerted towards needed thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes are precursor cells interspersed among white adipose tissue (WAT) that possess similar UCP1 activity and capacity for thermogenesis. The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides [...] Read more.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) expresses uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), which enables energy to be exerted towards needed thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes are precursor cells interspersed among white adipose tissue (WAT) that possess similar UCP1 activity and capacity for thermogenesis. The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is a canid species that utilizes seasonal obesity to survive periods of food shortage in climate zones with cold winters. The potential to recruit a part of the abundant WAT storages as beige adipocytes for UCP1-dependent thermogenesis was investigated in vitro by treating raccoon dog adipocytes with different browning inducing factors. In vivo positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with the glucose analog 18F-FDG showed that BAT was not detected in the adult raccoon dog during the winter season. In addition, UCP1 expression was not changed in response to chronic treatments with browning inducing factors in adipocyte cultures. Our results demonstrated that most likely the raccoon dog endures cold weather without the induction of BAT or recruitment of beige adipocytes for heat production. Its thick fur coat, insulating fat, and muscle shivering seem to provide the adequate heat needed for surviving the winter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Research on Brown and White Adipose Tissue)
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Review

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18 pages, 1292 KiB  
Review
An Overview of Adipose Tissue ACE2 Modulation by Diet and Obesity. Potential Implications in COVID-19 Infection and Severity
by Saioa Gómez-Zorita, Iñaki Milton-Laskibar, Laura García-Arellano, Marcela González and María P. Portillo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(15), 7975; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22157975 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2852
Abstract
The present review is aimed at analysing the current evidence concerning the potential modulation of obesity and/or diet in adipose tissue ACE2. Additionally, the potential implications of these effects on COVID-19 are also addressed. The results published show that diet and obesity are [...] Read more.
The present review is aimed at analysing the current evidence concerning the potential modulation of obesity and/or diet in adipose tissue ACE2. Additionally, the potential implications of these effects on COVID-19 are also addressed. The results published show that diet and obesity are two factors that effectively influence the expression of Ace2 gene in adipose tissue. However, the shifts in this gene do not always occur in the same direction, nor with the same intensity. Additionally, there is no consensus regarding the implications of increased adipose tissue ACE2 expression in health. Thus, while in some studies a protective role is attributed to ACE2 overexpression, other studies suggest otherwise. Similarly, there is much debate regarding the role played by ACE2 in COVID-19 in terms of degree of infection and disease outcomes. The greater risk of infection that may hypothetically derive from enhanced ACE2 expression is not clear since the functionality of the enzyme seems to be as important as the abundance. Thus, the greater abundance of ACE2 in adipose tissue of obese subjects may be counterbalanced by its lower activation. In addition, a protective role of ACE2 overexpression has also been suggested, associated with the increase in anti-inflammatory factors that it may produce. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Research on Brown and White Adipose Tissue)
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