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Cell-Based Drugs in Cancer Immunotherapy
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Cell-Based Drugs in Cancer Immunotherapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 18520

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Urban Švajger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: development of advanced therapy medicinal products; dendritic cell biology; CAR-T cells; mesenchymal stem cells; immunotherapy; regenerative medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs), particularly within the field of cellular therapies, is advancing at an astonishing rate. Cellular therapies are clearly becoming the next generation of pharmaceutical drugs and are already greatly complementing small molecules and biologicals. The first notable regulatory advance came in 2010, when Sipuleucel-T, a cell-based cancer immunotherapy, was approved by the FDA for the treatment of prostate cancer. The second major breakthrough both in a therapeutic and regulatory sense was the 2017 approval of tisagenlecleucel, a CAR-T cell therapy, for the treatment of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Since then, several ingenious approaches have been used to further advance the efficacy of cellular immunotherapy drugs by manipulating or engineering their major active substance, the living cell.

In this Special Issue, we will collect a selection of original research papers, reviews, short communications, as well as perspectives on current and future advanced anticancer cell therapy developments involving next generation dendritic cell vaccines, engineered or natural NK cells, CAR-T cells or transgenic T cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and others.

Dr. Urban Švajger
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product
  • cell therapy
  • cancer
  • immunotherapy
  • dendritic cells
  • NK cells
  • CAR-T cells
  • mesenchymal stem cells

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 2152 KiB  
Review
Cord-Blood-Derived Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells: Functions and Applications in Current and Prospective Cell Therapies
by Sarah Cunningham and Holger Hackstein
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5923; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22115923 - 31 May 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 6337
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) represents a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells, particularly for patients lacking a matching donor. UCB provides practical advantages, including a lower risk of graft-versus-host-disease and permissive human leukocyte antigen mismatching. These advantageous properties have so far been [...] Read more.
Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) represents a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells, particularly for patients lacking a matching donor. UCB provides practical advantages, including a lower risk of graft-versus-host-disease and permissive human leukocyte antigen mismatching. These advantageous properties have so far been applied for stem cell, mesenchymal stromal cell, and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies. However, UCB-derived professional antigen-presenting cells are increasingly being utilized in the context of immune tolerance and regenerative therapy. Here, we review the cell-specific characteristics as well as recent advancements in UCB-based cell therapies focusing on dendritic cells, monocytes, B lymphocytes, innate lymphoid cells, and macrophages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell-Based Drugs in Cancer Immunotherapy)
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19 pages, 288 KiB  
Review
CAR-NK Cells in the Treatment of Solid Tumors
by Ewa Wrona, Maciej Borowiec and Piotr Potemski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5899; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22115899 - 31 May 2021
Cited by 62 | Viewed by 9094
Abstract
CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T) cells have emerged as a milestone in the treatment of patients with refractory B-cell neoplasms. However, despite having unprecedented efficacy against hematological malignancies, the treatment is far from flawless. Its greatest drawbacks arise from a challenging and expensive [...] Read more.
CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T) cells have emerged as a milestone in the treatment of patients with refractory B-cell neoplasms. However, despite having unprecedented efficacy against hematological malignancies, the treatment is far from flawless. Its greatest drawbacks arise from a challenging and expensive production process, strict patient eligibility criteria and serious toxicity profile. One possible solution, supported by robust research, is the replacement of T lymphocytes with NK cells for CAR expression. NK cells seem to be an attractive vehicle for CAR expression as they can be derived from multiple sources and safely infused regardless of donor–patient matching, which greatly reduces the cost of the treatment. CAR-NK cells are known to be effective against hematological malignancies, and a growing number of preclinical findings indicate that they have activity against non-hematological neoplasms. Here, we present a thorough overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the use of CAR-NK cells in treating various solid tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell-Based Drugs in Cancer Immunotherapy)
19 pages, 827 KiB  
Review
Overview of Cellular Immunotherapies within Transfusion Medicine for the Treatment of Malignant Diseases
by Nataša Tešić, Primož Poženel and Urban Švajger
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(10), 5120; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22105120 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2194
Abstract
Over the years, transfusion medicine has developed into a broad, multidisciplinary field that covers different clinical patient services such as apheresis technology and the development of stem cell transplantation. Recently, the discipline has found a niche in development and production of advanced therapy [...] Read more.
Over the years, transfusion medicine has developed into a broad, multidisciplinary field that covers different clinical patient services such as apheresis technology and the development of stem cell transplantation. Recently, the discipline has found a niche in development and production of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) for immunotherapy and regenerative medicine purposes. In clinical trials, cell-based immunotherapies have shown encouraging results in the treatment of multiple cancers and autoimmune diseases. However, there are many parameters such as safety, a high level of specificity, and long-lasting efficacy that still need to be optimized to maximize the potential of cell-based immunotherapies. Thus, only a few have gained FDA approval, while the majority of them are studied in the context of investigator-initiated trials (IITs), where modern, academically oriented transfusion centers can play an important role. In this review, we summarize existing and contemporary cellular immunotherapies, which are already a part of modern transfusion medicine or are likely to become so in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell-Based Drugs in Cancer Immunotherapy)
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