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Immune Responses in Chronic Diseases, Crucial Molecular Mechanisms, and Microenvironmental Factors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 3788

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zelona Gora, Poland
Interests: immunology; neuroimmunology; autoimmunity; tumor immunology; sex hormones

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The clinical consequences of immune failure primarily include increased susceptibility to infections and reduced response to vaccination. However, malfunction of immune system reactivity is also a reason for higher susceptibility to chronic diseases such as malignant tumors, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms that cause immune changes in chronic diseases are still poorly understood. Many detrimental changes have roots at the molecular level and include DNA damage, microenvironmental factors including epigenetic changes, as well as disturbed intercellular interactions. Such molecular changes have a multidirectional character, and those visible in populations of white blood cells directly affect initiation and progression of chronic diseases. This Special Issue will survey crucial molecular mechanisms and microenvironmental factors associated with immune responses in chronic diseases.  

Prof. Dr. Agata Matejuk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • immune response
  • chronic diseases
  • cancer
  • autoimmunity
  • neurodegeneration

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 1270 KiB  
Review
Tissue Niches Formed by Intestinal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Mucosal Homeostasis and Immunity
by Maria Pasztoi and Caspar Ohnmacht
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 5181; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23095181 - 06 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3423
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest mucosal surface in our body and accommodates the majority of the total lymphocyte population. Being continuously exposed to both harmless antigens and potentially threatening pathogens, the intestinal mucosa requires the integration of multiple signals for balancing immune [...] Read more.
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest mucosal surface in our body and accommodates the majority of the total lymphocyte population. Being continuously exposed to both harmless antigens and potentially threatening pathogens, the intestinal mucosa requires the integration of multiple signals for balancing immune responses. This integration is certainly supported by tissue-resident intestinal mesenchymal cells (IMCs), yet the molecular mechanisms whereby IMCs contribute to these events remain largely undefined. Recent studies using single-cell profiling technologies indicated a previously unappreciated heterogeneity of IMCs and provided further knowledge which will help to understand dynamic interactions between IMCs and hematopoietic cells of the intestinal mucosa. In this review, we focus on recent findings on the immunological functions of IMCs: On one hand, we discuss the steady-state interactions of IMCs with epithelial cells and hematopoietic cells. On the other hand, we summarize our current knowledge about the contribution of IMCs to the development of intestinal inflammatory conditions, such as infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and fibrosis. By providing a comprehensive list of cytokines and chemokines produced by IMCs under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, we highlight the significant immunomodulatory and tissue niche forming capacities of IMCs. Full article
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