Dear Colleagues,

Ionic liquids (ILs) are an example of a continuously growing field due to their variety and consequently their numerous applications. For this reason, the number of publications concerning this type of chemicals has grown exponentially. In the past five years more than 36000 publications referring to ILs covering different areas have been published. Initially hailed as a green alternative to traditional solvents, it is now common knowledge that they are not as green as desired, and more thought has to be put into the biological consequences of their industrial use. Still, compared to the amount of research studying their physicochemical properties and potential applications in different commercial areas, there is a distinct scarcity of scientific papers investigating how these substances interact with the different organisms that are part of an ecosystem. The purpose of this special issue is to look into the most emergent studies on their toxicity, as well as gather and unify all the existing knowledge on this hot topic. This special issue will change the insight about how ILs can help shape a more sustainable future.

Dr. Santos Fernando J.V.
Dr. Xavier Paredes
Guest Editors

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• ionic liquids
• toxicity
• ecotoxicity
• phytotoxicity
• antimicrobial activity
• biodegradation
• toxicity modeling