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Lipidomics and Neurodegenerative Diseases 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 5924

Special Issue Editors

Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: Tandem mass spectrometry; SQDG; pro-drugs; signaling molecules
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: Lipidomics; phospholipids in blood microparticles and platelets; seafood lipidomics; HILIC-ESI-MS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipidomics is a targeted approach focusing on the comprehensive analysis of all lipids in biological systems. The development of soft ionization techniques, such as electrospray (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS), has greatly enhanced the development and application of lipidomics.

Facing lipidomic analysis by MS offers both the understanding of the definite functions of lipid species in health and disease and allows the identification of potential biomarkers for establishing protective and/or therapeutic programs for human disease.

Lipid metabolism may be of great importance for the nervous system, which represents the second highest concentration of lipids, surpassed only by the adipose tissue. The crucial role of lipids in cell signaling and tissue physiology is demonstrated by numerous neurological disorders (e.g., bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Niemann–Pick diseases) in which lipid metabolism is dysregulated. Lipidomic analyses may provide powerful tools to elucidate the specific roles of lipids and their intermediates in cell signaling and open new opportunities for drug development.

This Special Issue focuses on the recent advancements in lipidomic technologies including sample preparation, direct-infusion ESI–MS and ESI–MS/MS, LC coupled with ESI–MS or MS/MS, MALDI and advanced molecular imaging techniques for their selected applications in neurodegenerative diseases.

Prof. Dr. Cosima Damiana Calvano
Prof. Dr. Tommaso Cataldi
Prof. Dr. Ilario Losito
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 4698 KiB  
Article
Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Reveal High Accumulation of Glycerophospholipids in Human Astrocytes under the Lipotoxic Effect of Palmitic Acid and Tibolone Protection
by Ricardo Cabezas, Cynthia Martin-Jiménez, Martha Zuluaga, Andrés Pinzón, George E. Barreto and Janneth González
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(5), 2474; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23052474 - 23 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2495
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is a metabolic condition resulting from the accumulation of free fatty acids in non-adipose tissues which involves a series of pathological responses triggered after chronic exposure to high levels of fatty acids, severely detrimental to cellular homeostasis and viability. In brain, lipotoxicity [...] Read more.
Lipotoxicity is a metabolic condition resulting from the accumulation of free fatty acids in non-adipose tissues which involves a series of pathological responses triggered after chronic exposure to high levels of fatty acids, severely detrimental to cellular homeostasis and viability. In brain, lipotoxicity affects both neurons and other cell types, notably astrocytes, leading to neurodegenerative processes, such as Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson diseases (PD). In this study, we performed for the first time, a whole lipidomic characterization of Normal Human Astrocytes cultures exposed to toxic concentrations of palmitic acid and the protective compound tibolone, to establish and identify the set of potential metabolites that are modulated under these experimental treatments. The study covered 3843 features involved in the exo- and endo-metabolome extracts obtained from astrocytes with the mentioned treatments. Through multivariate statistical analysis such as PCA (principal component analysis), partial least squares (PLS-DA), clustering analysis, and machine learning enrichment analysis, it was possible to determine the specific metabolites that were affected by palmitic acid insult, such as phosphoethanolamines, phosphoserines phosphocholines and glycerophosphocholines, with their respective metabolic pathways impact. Moreover, our results suggest the importance of tibolone in the generation of neuroprotective metabolites by astrocytes and may be relevant to the development of neurodegenerative processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipidomics and Neurodegenerative Diseases 2.0)
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Review

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19 pages, 655 KiB  
Review
The Importance of Lipidomic Approach for Mapping and Exploring the Molecular Networks Underlying Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review
by Francesca Latino, Stefania Cataldi, Roberto Carvutto, Michele De Candia, Francesca D'Elia, Antonino Patti, Valerio Bonavolontà and Francesco Fischetti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 8734; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22168734 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2726
Abstract
Maintaining appropriate levels of physical exercise is an optimal way for keeping a good state of health. At the same time, optimal exercise performance necessitates an integrated organ system response. In this respect, physical exercise has numerous repercussions on metabolism and function of [...] Read more.
Maintaining appropriate levels of physical exercise is an optimal way for keeping a good state of health. At the same time, optimal exercise performance necessitates an integrated organ system response. In this respect, physical exercise has numerous repercussions on metabolism and function of different organs and tissues by enhancing whole-body metabolic homeostasis in response to different exercise-related adaptations. Specifically, both prolonged and intensive physical exercise produce vast changes in multiple and different lipid-related metabolites. Lipidomic technologies allow these changes and adaptations to be clarified, by using a biological system approach they provide scientific understanding of the effect of physical exercise on lipid trajectories. Therefore, this systematic review aims to indicate and clarify the identifying biology of the individual response to different exercise workloads, as well as provide direction for future studies focused on the body’s metabolome exercise-related adaptations. It was performed using five databases (Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library). Two author teams reviewed 105 abstracts for inclusion and at the end of the screening process 50 full texts were analyzed. Lastly, 14 research articles specifically focusing on metabolic responses to exercise in healthy subjects were included. The Oxford quality scoring system scale was used as a quality measure of the reviews. Information was extracted using the participants, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICOS) format. Despite that fact that it is well-known that lipids are involved in different sport-related changes, it is unclear what types of lipids are involved. Therefore, we analyzed the characteristic lipid species in blood and skeletal muscle, as well as their alterations in response to chronic and acute exercise. Lipidomics analyses of the studies examined revealed medium- and long-chain fatty acids, fatty acid oxidation products, and phospholipids qualitative changes. The main cumulative evidence indicates that both chronic and acute bouts of exercise determine significant changes in lipidomic profiles, but they manifested in very different ways depending on the type of tissue examined. Therefore, this systematic review may offer the possibility to fully understand the individual lipidomics exercise-related response and could be especially important to improve athletic performance and human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipidomics and Neurodegenerative Diseases 2.0)
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