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Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Drug Resistance Prediction

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 7579

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Monica Cantile

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Guest Editor

Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: tumor biomarkers; molecular pathology; tumor biobank; non coding RNAs; HOX genes; tumor microenvironment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent an emerging class of tumor biomarkers that are involved in the transciption regulation of many oncogenes, thereby promoting cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and invasion, anti-apoptosis, and metastasis. Their deregulation has been abundantly described in most solid and hematopoietic tumors. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as many clinical studies, have highlighted the great potential of lncRNAs in the prognostic and therapeutic stratification of cancer patients. Furthermore, their ability to be stably conveyed in body fluids (blood, saliva, urine, etc.) through the budding of exosomes, makes them ideal candidates also as circulating biomarkers. Recently, the aberrant activity of lncRNAs has been strongly associated with broad-spectrum drug resistance mechanisms of anticancer therapies. In many cases, their detection in the blood has been closely associated with the sensitivity of patients to specific drugs, making them optimal biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic response.

The enormous diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potential of these biomarkers, especially their easy measurement in body fluids, is strongly promoting targeted studies for understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with their deregulation and suggesting their use in the clinical practice of cancer patients.

The main purpose of this Special Issue will be to illustrate the new experimental evidence on the role of lncRNAs as circulating markers and to understand their relationship with the molecular pathways associated with tumor drug resistance mechanisms.

Dr. Monica Cantile
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

long noncoding RNAs
prognostic and predictive tumor biomarkers
anti-tumor drugs resistance mechanisms
circulating biomarkers
related molecular pathways

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2752 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals Functional Similarity of Three lncRNAs across Multiple Tumors

by Abir Khazaal, Seid Miad Zandavi, Andrei Smolnikov, Shadma Fatima and Fatemeh Vafaee

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 4796; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms24054796 - 01 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2108

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators in many biological processes. The dysregulation of lncRNA expression has been associated with many diseases, including cancer. Mounting evidence suggests lncRNAs to be involved in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Thus, understanding the functional implications of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis can aid in developing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Rich cancer datasets, documenting genomic and transcriptomic alterations together with advancement in bioinformatics tools, have presented an opportunity to perform pan-cancer analyses across different cancer types. This study is aimed at conducting a pan-cancer analysis of lncRNAs by performing differential expression and functional analyses between tumor and non-neoplastic adjacent samples across eight cancer types. Among dysregulated lncRNAs, seven were shared across all cancer types. We focused on three lncRNAs, found to be consistently dysregulated among tumors. It has been observed that these three lncRNAs of interest are interacting with a wide range of genes across different tissues, yet enriching substantially similar biological processes, found to be implicated in cancer progression and proliferation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Drug Resistance Prediction)

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14 pages, 1985 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of Potential Long Non-Coding RNA Candidates that Contribute to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Humans through Computational Approach

by Md. Motiar Rahman, Md. Tofazzal Hossain, Md. Selim Reza, Yin Peng, Shengzhong Feng and Yanjie Wei

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(22), 12359; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms222212359 - 16 Nov 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2488

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy identified in adult females, resulting in enormous financial losses worldwide. Owing to the heterogeneity as well as various molecular subtypes, the molecular pathways underlying carcinogenesis in various forms of BC are distinct. Therefore, the advancement of alternative therapy is required to combat the ailment. Recent analyses propose that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform an essential function in controlling immune response, and therefore, may provide essential information about the disorder. However, their function in patients with triple-negative BC (TNBC) has not been explored in detail. Here, we analyzed the changes in the genomic expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) and lncRNA in standard control in response to cancer metastasis using publicly available single-cell RNA-Seq data. We identified a total of 197 potentially novel lncRNAs in TNBC patients of which 86 were differentially upregulated and 111 were differentially downregulated. In addition, among the 909 candidate lncRNA transcripts, 19 were significantly differentially expressed (DE) of which three were upregulated and 16 were downregulated. On the other hand, 1901 mRNA transcripts were significantly DE of which 1110 were upregulated and 791 were downregulated by TNBCs subtypes. The Gene Ontology (GO) analyses showed that some of the host genes were enriched in various biological, molecular, and cellular functions. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that some of the genes were involved in only one pathway of prostate cancer. The lncRNA-miRNA-gene network analysis showed that the lncRNAs TCONS_00076394 and TCONS_00051377 interacted with breast cancer-related micro RNAs (miRNAs) and the host genes of these lncRNAs were also functionally related to breast cancer. Thus, this study provides novel lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for the therapeutic intervention of this cancer subtype. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Drug Resistance Prediction)

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Review

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14 pages, 1493 KiB

Open AccessReview

LncRNA H19 Impairs Chemo and Radiotherapy in Tumorigenesis

by Carlos Garcia-Padilla, Estefanía Lozano-Velasco, María del Mar Muñoz-Gallardo, Juan Manuel Castillo-Casas, Sheila Caño-Carrillo, Francisco José Martínez-Amaro, Virginio García-López, Amelia Aránega, Diego Franco, Virginio García-Martínez and Carmen López-Sánchez

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(15), 8309; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23158309 - 27 Jul 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2344

Abstract

Various treatments based on drug administration and radiotherapy have been devoted to preventing, palliating, and defeating cancer, showing high efficiency against the progression of this disease. Recently, in this process, malignant cells have been found which are capable of triggering specific molecular mechanisms against current treatments, with negative consequences in the prognosis of the disease. It is therefore fundamental to understand the underlying mechanisms, including the genes—and their signaling pathway regulators—involved in the process, in order to fight tumor cells. Long non-coding RNAs, H19 in particular, have been revealed as powerful protective factors in various types of cancer. However, they have also evidenced their oncogenic role in multiple carcinomas, enhancing tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In this review, we analyze the role of lncRNA H19 impairing chemo and radiotherapy in tumorigenesis, including breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, glioma, and colorectal carcinoma. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Drug Resistance Prediction)

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