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Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy
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Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 15075

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Paola Manini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: organic synthesis; natural compounds; functional materials; nanoparticles; luminescent compounds; NMR spectroscopy; mass spectrometry; UV-visible and fluorescent spectroscopy; thin film processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Heebeom Koo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: nanoparticle; drug delivery; imaging; cancer; photodynamic therapy; gene delivery; chemotherapy; anticancer drug; siRNA

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this century, nanoparticles (NPs) have been given a great amount of attention by biomedical researchers. NPs can disperse hydrophobic drugs stably in aqueous conditions without aggregation. Importantly, their physicochemical properties, including size and surface charge, can easily be modified by adjusting the component molecules or fabrication method. NPs can delay the early release of drugs in order to allow sufficient time for therapeutic action.

In terms of tumor-targeting, NPs utilize two basic strategies comprising either passive or active targeting. Passive targeting is based on physicochemical properties. Specifically, when NPs are injected intravenously, they generally circulate longer in the blood stream compared to free drugs. In angiogenic tissues such as tumors, NPs penetrate the fenestrated structure of blood vessels more at the disease site, which in turn leads to significant accumulation of the drug, which is aided in part by slow lymphatic drainage. On the other hand, active targeting relies on a biological interaction between ligands on the surface of NPs and the cell target, which further increase specificity.

Considering these advantages of NPs as carriers, this Special Issue on "Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy" will explore the biomedical application of NPs based on polymers and targeted to tumors.

Prof. Heebeom Koo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanoparticle
  • nanomedicine
  • polymer
  • drug delivery
  • imaging
  • chemotherapy
  • tumor-targeting
  • self-assembly
  • tumor therapy
  • photodynamic therapy

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3807 KiB  
Article
Tumor Accumulation and Off-Target Biodistribution of an Indocyanine-Green Fluorescent Nanotracer: An Ex Vivo Study on an Orthotopic Murine Model of Breast Cancer
by Marta Sevieri, Leopoldo Sitia, Arianna Bonizzi, Marta Truffi, Serena Mazzucchelli and Fabio Corsi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1601; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22041601 - 05 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2297
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near infrared fluorescent tracer used in image-guided surgery to assist surgeons during resection. Despite appearing as a very promising tool for surgical oncology, its employment in this area is limited to lymph node mapping or to laparoscopic surgery, [...] Read more.
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near infrared fluorescent tracer used in image-guided surgery to assist surgeons during resection. Despite appearing as a very promising tool for surgical oncology, its employment in this area is limited to lymph node mapping or to laparoscopic surgery, as it lacks tumor targeting specificity. Recently, a nanoformulation of this dye has been proposed with the aim toward tumor targeting specificity in order to expand its employment in surgical oncology. This nanosystem is constituted by 24 monomers of H-Ferritin (HFn), which self-assemble into a spherical cage structure enclosing the indocyanine green fluorescent tracer. These HFn nanocages were demonstrated to display tumor homing due to the specific interaction between the HFn nanocage and transferrin receptor 1, which is overexpressed in most tumor tissues. Here, we provide an ex vivo detailed comparison between the biodistribution of this nanotracer and free ICG, combining the results obtained with the Karl Storz endoscope that is currently used in clinical practice and the quantification of the ICG signal derived from the fluorescence imaging system IVIS Lumina II. These insights demonstrate the suitability of this novel HFn-based nanosystem in fluorescence-guided oncological surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy)
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19 pages, 4718 KiB  
Article
Photodynamic and Cold Atmospheric Plasma Combination Therapy Using Polymeric Nanoparticles for the Synergistic Treatment of Cervical Cancer
by Ji-Hui Ha and Young-Jin Kim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(3), 1172; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22031172 - 25 Jan 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2285
Abstract
Integrating multi-modal therapies into one platform could show great promise in overcoming the drawbacks of conventional single-modal therapy and achieving improved therapeutic efficacy in cancer. In this study, we prepared pheophorbide a (Pheo a)/targeting ligand (epitope analog of oncoprotein E7, EAE7)-conjugated poly(γ-glutamic acid) [...] Read more.
Integrating multi-modal therapies into one platform could show great promise in overcoming the drawbacks of conventional single-modal therapy and achieving improved therapeutic efficacy in cancer. In this study, we prepared pheophorbide a (Pheo a)/targeting ligand (epitope analog of oncoprotein E7, EAE7)-conjugated poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA)/poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (MPEG-PLGA)/hyaluronic acid (PPHE) polymeric nanoparticles via self-assembly and encapsulation method for the photodynamic therapy (PDT)/cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) combinatory treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cervical cancer, thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. The synthesized PPHE polymeric nanoparticles exhibited a quasi-spherical shape with an average diameter of 80.5 ± 17.6 nm in an aqueous solution. The results from the in vitro PDT efficacy assays demonstrated that PPHE has a superior PDT activity on CaSki cells due to the enhanced targeting ability. In addition, the PDT/CAP combinatory treatment more effectively inhibited the growth of cervical cancer cells by causing elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and apoptotic cell death. Moreover, the three-dimensional cell culture model clearly confirmed the synergistic therapeutic efficacy of the PDT and the CAP combination therapy using PPHE on CaSki cells. Overall, these results indicate that the PDT/CAP combinatory treatment using PPHE is a highly effective new therapeutic modality for cervical cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy)
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13 pages, 2648 KiB  
Article
Targeted Nanoparticles Harboring Jasmine-Oil-Entrapped Paclitaxel for Elimination of Lung Cancer Cells
by Shira Engelberg, Yuexi Lin, Yehuda G. Assaraf and Yoav D. Livney
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(3), 1019; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22031019 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2750
Abstract
Selectively targeted drug delivery systems are preferable chemotherapeutic platforms, as they specifically deliver the drug cargo into tumor cells, while minimizing untoward toxic effects. However, these delivery systems suffer from insufficient encapsulation efficiency (EE), encapsulation capacity (EC), and premature drug release. Herein, we [...] Read more.
Selectively targeted drug delivery systems are preferable chemotherapeutic platforms, as they specifically deliver the drug cargo into tumor cells, while minimizing untoward toxic effects. However, these delivery systems suffer from insufficient encapsulation efficiency (EE), encapsulation capacity (EC), and premature drug release. Herein, we coencapsulated paclitaxel (PTX) and Jasmine oil (JO) within PEG-PCL nanoparticles (NPs), with an average diameter < 50 nm, selectively targeted to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, via S15-aptamer (APT) decoration. JO was selected as an “adhesive” oily core to enhance PTX entrapment, as JO and PTX share similar hydrophobicity and terpenoid structure. JO markedly enhanced EE of PTX from 23% to 87.8% and EC from 35 ± 6 to 74 ± 8 µg PTX/mg PEG-PCL. JO also markedly increased the residual amount of PTX after 69 h, from 18.3% to 65%. Moreover, PTX cytotoxicity against human NSCLC A549 cells was significantly enhanced due to the co-encapsulation with JO; the IC50 value for PTX encapsulated within JO-containing APT-NPs was 20-fold lower than that for APT-NPs lacking JO. Remarkably, JO-containing APT-NPs displayed a 6-fold more potent cell-killing, relatively to the free-drug. Collectively, these findings reveal a marked synergistic contribution of JO to the cytotoxic activity of APT-NP-based systems, for targeted PTX delivery against NSCLC, which may be readily applied to various hydrophobic chemotherapeutics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy)
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11 pages, 2963 KiB  
Article
ᶫ-Leucine Loading and Release in MIL-100 Nanoparticles
by Ivan E. Gorban, Mikhail A. Soldatov, Vera V. Butova, Pavel V. Medvedev, Olga A. Burachevskaya, Anna Belanova, Peter Zolotukhin and Alexander V. Soldatov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(24), 9758; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21249758 - 21 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3090
Abstract
Synthesis of the MIL-100 metal-organic framework particles was carried out by hydrothermal (HT) and microwave (MW)-assisted methods. Transmission electron microscopy showed formation of microparticles in the course of hydrothermal synthesis and nanoparticles for microwave-assisted synthesis. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed formation of larger crystallites [...] Read more.
Synthesis of the MIL-100 metal-organic framework particles was carried out by hydrothermal (HT) and microwave (MW)-assisted methods. Transmission electron microscopy showed formation of microparticles in the course of hydrothermal synthesis and nanoparticles for microwave-assisted synthesis. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed formation of larger crystallites for hydrothermal synthesis. Particle aggregation in aqueous solution was observed by dynamic light scattering. However, the stability of both samples could be improved in acetic acid solution. Nitrogen sorption isotherms showed high porosity of the particles. ᶫ-leucine molecule was used as a model molecule for loading in the porous micro- and nanoparticles. Loading was estimated by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. UV-VIS spectroscopy quantified ᶫ-leucine release from the particles in aqueous solution. Cytotoxicity studies using the HeLa cell model showed that the original particles were somewhat toxic, but ᶫ-leucine loading ameliorated the toxic effects, likely due to signaling properties of the amino acid. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy)
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11 pages, 2699 KiB  
Article
Chlorin e6-Loaded PEG-PCL Nanoemulsion for Photodynamic Therapy and In Vivo Drug Delivery
by Changhee Park, Jihye Yoo, Donghyun Lee, Seok-young Jang, Soonmin Kwon and Heebeom Koo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(16), 3958; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms20163958 - 14 Aug 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4027
Abstract
We fabricated poly (ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone (PEG-b-PCL) nanoemulsion for drug delivery and photodynamic therapy. PEG-b-PCL effectively stabilized the interface between water and soybean oil, and the resulting nanoemulsion was about 220.3 nm in diameter with spherical shape. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorin e6 (Ce6) [...] Read more.
We fabricated poly (ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone (PEG-b-PCL) nanoemulsion for drug delivery and photodynamic therapy. PEG-b-PCL effectively stabilized the interface between water and soybean oil, and the resulting nanoemulsion was about 220.3 nm in diameter with spherical shape. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorin e6 (Ce6) was loaded into the nanoemulsion as a photosensitizer (PS). These chlorin e6-loaded PEG-PCL nanoemulsions (Ce6-PCL-NEs) showed efficient cellular uptake and, upon laser irradiation, generated singlet oxygen to kill tumor cells. Particularly, Ce6-PCL-NEs showed prolonged blood circulation and about 60% increased tumor accumulation compared to free Ce6 after intravenous injection to 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. These results demonstrate the promising potential of Ce6-PCL-NEs for efficient PDT and in vivo drug delivery to tumor tissue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Assembled Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Imaging and Therapy)
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