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Advances in Spine Oncology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 7102

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Spine Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: spine surgery; spine tumours; degenerative spine disease; mesenchymal stem cells; bone regeneration; disc regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Spine Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: regenerative medicine; patient safety; quality of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tumors affecting the spine are a challenging pathologic entity that requires the collaboration of multiple medical specialties. The life expectancy of patients affected by tumors of the spine (primary or metastatic) has increased considerably. This is principally due to advances in the field of oncologic therapies and surgical solutions.

Molecular targeted therapy is changing the way we treat cancer. Knowing the molecular signature of a specific tumor can lead to targeted therapy and improved outcomes.

In parallel, the use of spinal surgery has increased considerably worldwide over the last 30 years, leading to the development of new, often minimally invasive, surgical approaches and techniques. Tremendous advances have been made in the field of biomaterials, for example, new carbon fiber implants, 3D-printed prosthesis, or “vertebral transplant” for reconstruction after the resection of tumors from the spine.

This Special Issue will accept articles on molecular research and molecular mechanisms concerning the pathophysiology of spine tumors, molecular and biological therapies, new surgical techniques, particle therapy, radiation therapy, radiation oncology, new materials, nanoparticles, and interventional radiology. Both basic science and clinical investigation articles are welcome. The issue aims to put together the advances reached in a field which is as multidisciplinary as spine oncology.

Dr. Alessandro Gasbarrini
Dr. Gisberto Evangelisti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Spine oncology
  • Tumors of the spine
  • Primary tumors
  • Metastatic tumors
  • Molecular signature
  • Molecular and biological therapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Spondilectomy
  • En bloc resection
  • Particle therapy
  • Radiation oncology

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2192 KiB  
Article
Abscopal Effect of Frozen Autograft Reconstruction Combined with an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Analyzed Using a Metastatic Bone Tumor Model
by Noritaka Yonezawa, Hideki Murakami, Satoru Demura, Satoshi Kato, Shinji Miwa, Katsuhito Yoshioka, Kazuya Shinmura, Noriaki Yokogawa, Takaki Shimizu, Norihiro Oku, Ryo Kitagawa, Makoto Handa, Ryohei Annen, Yuki Kurokawa, Kazumi Fushimi, Eishiro Mizukoshi and Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(4), 1973; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041973 - 17 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
We evaluated the abscopal effect of re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing bone grafts and the synergistic effect of anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) therapy using a bone metastasis model, created by injecting MMT-060562 cells into the bilateral tibiae of 6–8-week-old female C3H mice. After 2 [...] Read more.
We evaluated the abscopal effect of re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing bone grafts and the synergistic effect of anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) therapy using a bone metastasis model, created by injecting MMT-060562 cells into the bilateral tibiae of 6–8-week-old female C3H mice. After 2 weeks, the lateral tumors were treated by excision, cryotreatment using liquid nitrogen, excision with anti-PD-1 treatment, and cryotreatment with anti-PD-1 treatment. Anti-mouse PD-1 4H2 was injected on days 1, 6, 12, and 18 post-treatment. The mice were euthanized after 3 weeks; the abscopal effect was evaluated by focusing on growth inhibition of the abscopal tumor. The re-implantation of frozen autografts significantly inhibited the growth of the remaining abscopal tumors. However, a more potent abscopal effect was observed in the anti-PD-1 antibody group. The number of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the abscopal tumor and tumor-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing spleen cells increased in the liquid nitrogen-treated group compared with those in the excision group, with no significant difference. The number was significantly higher in the anti-PD-1 antibody-treated group than in the non-treated group. Overall, re-implantation of tumor-bearing frozen autograft has an abscopal effect on abscopal tumor growth, although re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated bone grafts did not induce a strong T-cell response or tumor-suppressive effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Spine Oncology)
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Review

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15 pages, 985 KiB  
Review
How to Target Spinal Metastasis in Experimental Research: An Overview of Currently Used Experimental Mouse Models and Future Prospects
by Claudius Jelgersma and Peter Vajkoczy
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5420; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22115420 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4659
Abstract
The spine is one of the organs that is most affected by metastasis in cancer patients. Since the control of primary tumor is continuously improving, treatment of metastases is becoming one of the major challenges to prevent cancer-related death. Due to the anatomical [...] Read more.
The spine is one of the organs that is most affected by metastasis in cancer patients. Since the control of primary tumor is continuously improving, treatment of metastases is becoming one of the major challenges to prevent cancer-related death. Due to the anatomical proximity to the spinal cord, local spread of metastasis can directly cause neurological deficits, severely limiting the patient’s quality of life. To investigate the underlying mechanisms and to develop new therapies, preclinical models are required which represent the complexity of the multistep cascade of metastasis. Current research of metastasis focuses on the formation of the premetastatic niche, tumor cell dormancy and the influence and regulating function of the immune system. To unveil whether these influence the organotropism to the spine, spinal models are irreplaceable. Mouse models are one of the most suitable models in oncologic research. Therefore, this review provides an overview of currently used mouse models of spinal metastasis. Furthermore, it discusses technical aspects clarifying to what extend these models can picture key steps of the metastatic process. Finally, it addresses proposals to develop better mouse models in the future and could serve as both basis and stimulus for researchers and clinicians working in this field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Spine Oncology)
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