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The Role of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2022) | Viewed by 4645

Special Issue Editor

MEM2 Team, Metabolism, Enzymes and Molecular Mechanisms, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, ICBMS UMR CNRS 5246 University Lyon 1, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
Interests: vascular calcification; pathological bone formation; tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase; inflammation; mineralization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is mainly known for its necessary function during bone mineralization, due to the dephosphorylation of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). TNAP is however a relatively ubiquitous enzyme expressed in liver, kidney or brain that is present in the blood, both as a soluble form and at the membrane of neutrophils. Serum TNAP activity is elevated in individuals with metabolic syndrome and is associated with their increased mortality risk. This association may result from the function of TNAP in inflammation, relying on the dephosphorylation of adenosine nucleotides and lipopolysaccharide. It may also rely on the stimulation of cardiovascular calcification resulting from PPi hydrolysis in the blood and/or cardiovascular tissues.

This Special Issue of IJMS aims to cover recent findings on the regulation of TNAP/ALPL during metabolic syndrome, on its inflammatory functions, and the consequences of its activation on cardiovascular mortality. Original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and short communications are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. David Magne
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP)
  • inflammation
  • adenosine nucleotides
  • lipopolysaccharide
  • metabolic syndrome
  • vascular calcification
  • alkaline phosphatase
  • ALPL

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Review

18 pages, 4109 KiB  
Review
Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
by Divine C. Nwafor, Allison L. Brichacek, Ahsan Ali and Candice M. Brown
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(10), 5257; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22105257 - 17 May 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4069
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role in bone mineralization. TNAP is also highly expressed in cerebral microvessels; however, [...] Read more.
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role in bone mineralization. TNAP is also highly expressed in cerebral microvessels; however, its function in brain cerebral microvessels is poorly understood. In recent years, few studies have begun to delineate a role for TNAP in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs)—a key component of cerebral microvessels. This review summarizes important information on the role of BMEC TNAP, and its implication in health and disease. Furthermore, we discuss current models and tools that may assist researchers in elucidating the function of TNAP in BMECs. Full article
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