Selected Papers from the 8th Civil Structural Health Monitoring Workshop

A special issue of Infrastructures (ISSN 2412-3811).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 16193

Special Issue Editors

Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, via F. de Sanctis 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Interests: structural health monitoring of structures; structural analysis of existing structures and infrastructures; integrated survey; structural characterization and diagnosis of cultural and architectural heritage; seismic vulnerability of structures; experimental dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Interests: stress–strain–time behaviour of soil: measurement and modelling; soil improvement by addition and compaction; seismic zonation and vibration insulation; soil liquefaction; behaviour of geotechnical structures under seismic loading
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
S2X s.r.l., Piazzale Marcello Scarano 6, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Interests: structural engineering; earthquake engineering; nondestructive testing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 8th Civil Structural Health Monitoring Workshop (CSHM-8) represents a forum where experts from around the world discuss the latest advancements and breakthroughs in the field of civil structural health monitoring (SHM) and more broadly in the fields of smart materials and intelligent systems for civil engineering applications. The Workshop also fosters the discussion and identification of key and emerging challenges and opportunities in research, development, and field applications of SHM to civil structures and infrastructures. The CSHM-8 workshop is also intended to promote communication exchange and cross-fertilization among researchers and practitioners from all around the world sharing their expert knowledge in the field. Theoretical as well as applicative contributions focused on SHM of existing and/or historical structures and infrastructures exposed to natural or human-made hazards are welcome.


Within the main theme of the Workshop, papers referring to the following relevant topics are strongly encouraged:

  • Innovative sensing solutions for SHM;
  • Data-driven damage detection techniques;
  • Nonlinear systems and analysis techniques;
  • Influence of environmental and operational conditions;
  • SHM in earthquake prone regions;
  • Real world applications.

This volume, thus, will contain a selection of the best papers presented at the 8th Workshop on Civil Structural Health Monitoring.


Dr. Carlo Rainieri
Prof. Dr. Giovanni Fabbrocino
Dr. Filippo Santucci de Magistris
Dr. Matilde Antonella Notarangelo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Infrastructures is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Structural health monitoring
  • Civil infrastructures
  • Geotechnical structures
  • Bridge monitoring
  • Damage detection
  • Applications

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1108 KiB  
Article
Preventing and Managing Risks Induced by Natural Hazards to Critical Infrastructures
by Giacomo Buffarini, Paolo Clemente, Sonia Giovinazzi, Chiara Ormando, Maurizio Pollino and Vittorio Rosato
Infrastructures 2022, 7(6), 76; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7060076 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2244
Abstract
A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected to natural hazards is proposed in this paper, with a particular focus on bridges and viaducts, which are very peculiar and strategic assets of transport networks. The proposed procedure is [...] Read more.
A procedure for assessing and monitoring the response of critical infrastructures when subjected to natural hazards is proposed in this paper, with a particular focus on bridges and viaducts, which are very peculiar and strategic assets of transport networks. The proposed procedure is characterized by three levels of analysis (L1–L3) with increasing reliability and complexity. The first level of analysis (L1) is carried out by evaluating a Class of Attention in line with the approach that is proposed by the Italian Guidelines for the safety assessment of bridges. The second level (L2) of analysis requires the definition of a numerical model of the bridge. The third level (L3) of analysis relies on the seismic response data from a seismic monitoring network. For all the three levels of the proposed procedure, data are collected in the CIPCast Decision Support System (CIPCast-DSS), a WebGIS platform developed by ENEA to support the decision-making process related to risk prevention and the management of impacts induced by natural hazards on critical infrastructures. The real-time analysis of the data collected and processed in the CIPcast-DSS in post-disaster circumstances provides a quasi-real-time prediction of the impacted infrastructures, and the extent of damages they could have suffered before a local inspection and analysis could take place. The continuous static and dynamic monitoring in periods without seismic events enables the planning of preventive and effective maintenance interventions. Full article
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19 pages, 5427 KiB  
Article
Hydraulic Safety Evaluation and Dynamic Investigations of Baghetto Bridge in Italy
by Manuel D’Angelo, Alessandro Menghini, Paolo Borlenghi, Lorenzo Bernardini, Lorenzo Benedetti, Francesco Ballio, Marco Belloli and Carmelo Gentile
Infrastructures 2022, 7(4), 53; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7040053 - 07 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2257
Abstract
The present study deals with the structural safety evaluation of a 50-year-old river bridge, called Baghetto Bridge, located in north Italy on the Adda River. Generally speaking, hydraulic processes are the main cause of bridge failure. Scour and hydrodynamic loads have been largely [...] Read more.
The present study deals with the structural safety evaluation of a 50-year-old river bridge, called Baghetto Bridge, located in north Italy on the Adda River. Generally speaking, hydraulic processes are the main cause of bridge failure. Scour and hydrodynamic loads have been largely studied by the hydraulic engineering community; however, in practice, integration with structural analysis is often missing. The aim of this research is to provide a multidisciplinary procedure based on hydraulic and dynamic investigations devoted to the structural verification and monitoring of river bridges with traditional mechanical bearings. The deck–river interaction is addressed, studying the influence of debris accumulation on the bridge and performing structural verification of the bearing supports. The actions exerted on the bridge deck by the river current were estimated following the recommendations of the Italian code and making some further assumptions. In addition, dynamic investigations and FE modelling were performed. The results show (1) a relatively fast procedure that can be applied by practitioners to perform structural verification of river bridges with traditional mechanical bearings, and (2) an investigation method to evaluate temperature–frequency correlation as a reference for future inspections. Full article
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15 pages, 4957 KiB  
Article
Remote Monitoring of Civil Infrastructure Based on TomoSAR
by Alessandra Budillon and Gilda Schirinzi
Infrastructures 2022, 7(4), 52; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7040052 - 06 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1925
Abstract
Structural health monitoring and damage detection tools are extremely important topics nowadays with the civil infrastructure aging and deteriorating problems observed in urban areas. These tasks can be done by visual inspection and by using traditional in situ methods, such as leveling or [...] Read more.
Structural health monitoring and damage detection tools are extremely important topics nowadays with the civil infrastructure aging and deteriorating problems observed in urban areas. These tasks can be done by visual inspection and by using traditional in situ methods, such as leveling or using traditional mechanical and electrical sensors, but these approaches are costly, labor-intensive and cannot be performed with a high temporal frequency. In recent years, remote sensing has proved to be a very promising methodology in evaluating the health of a structure by assessing its deformation and thermal dilation. The satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar Tomography (TomoSAR) technique, based on the exploitation of a stack of multi-temporal SAR images, allows to remotely sense the movement and the thermal dilation of individual structures with a centimeter- to millimeter-level accuracy, thanks to new generation high-resolution satellite-borne sensors. In this paper, the effectiveness of a recently developed TomoSAR technique in assessing both possible deformations and the thermal dilation evolution of man-made structures is shown. The results obtained using X-band SAR data in two case studies, concerning two urban structures in the city of Naples (Italy), are presented. Full article
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15 pages, 4697 KiB  
Article
Smart Infrastructure Monitoring through Self-Sensing Composite Sensors and Systems: A Study on Smart Concrete Sensors with Varying Carbon-Based Filler
by Antonella D’Alessandro, Hasan Borke Birgin, Gianluca Cerni and Filippo Ubertini
Infrastructures 2022, 7(4), 48; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7040048 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3599
Abstract
Structural Health Monitoring allows an automated performance assessment of buildings and infrastructures, both during their service lives and after critical events, such as earthquakes or landslides. The strength of this technology is in the diffuse nature of the sensing outputs that can be [...] Read more.
Structural Health Monitoring allows an automated performance assessment of buildings and infrastructures, both during their service lives and after critical events, such as earthquakes or landslides. The strength of this technology is in the diffuse nature of the sensing outputs that can be achieved for a full-scale structure. Traditional sensors adopted for monitoring purposes possess peculiar drawbacks related to placement and maintenance issues. Smart construction materials, which are able to monitor their states of strain and stress, represent a possible solution to these issues, increasing the durability and reliability of the monitoring system through embedding or the bulk fabrication of smart structures. The potentialities of such novel sensors and systems are based on their reliability and flexibility. Indeed, due to their peculiar characteristics, they can combine mechanical and sensing properties. We present a study on the optimization and the characterization of construction materials doped with different types of fillers for developing a novel class of sensors able to correlate variations of external strains to variations of electrical signals. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of composite samples at small and medium scales, made of cementitious materials with carbon-based inclusions. Different from a previous work by the authors, different carbon-based filler composite sensors are first compared at a small cubic sample scale and then tailored for larger plate specimens. Possible applications are in the strain/stress monitoring, damage detection, and load monitoring of concrete buildings and infrastructures. Full article
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12 pages, 4391 KiB  
Article
Application of a Non-Invasive Technique for the Preservation of a Fortified Masonry Tower
by Ersilia Giordano, Laura Marcheggiani, Antonio Formisano and Francesco Clementi
Infrastructures 2022, 7(3), 30; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7030030 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2505
Abstract
The Cultural heritage spread all over the World needs to be preserved with systems that do not compromise its architectural and historical value. Nowadays, the most advanced technology available is the ambient vibration test. It allows to obtain the current frequencies, modal shapes, [...] Read more.
The Cultural heritage spread all over the World needs to be preserved with systems that do not compromise its architectural and historical value. Nowadays, the most advanced technology available is the ambient vibration test. It allows to obtain the current frequencies, modal shapes, and damping of structures, without being invasive. The comparison between different monitoring campaigns and their use in combination with Finite Element models can give an insight into the state of structures’ health. This paper presents two ambient vibration tests performed on a fortified masonry tower in the Marche region of Italy, carried out after one year each other, with different temperature and humidity conditions. To extract the structure’s dynamic parameters both a time and a frequency domain approaches were used. The comparison between the parameters obtained during the two experimental campaigns showed similar frequencies and modal shapes underlining that no damage occurred and that the dynamic response of the tower does not suffer temperature and humidity variations. In addition, the steps carried out for a first attempt manual calibration of the tower’s Finite Element model are shown. The match between the numerical model and the experimental data is evaluated through the absolute frequencies’ errors and the Modal Assurance Criteria between the modal vectors. The calibrated numerical model can be used for future and accurate assessment of the tower’s structural capacity. Full article
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20 pages, 17873 KiB  
Article
Observed Seismic Behavior of a HDRB and SD Isolation System under Far Fault Earthquakes
by Antonello Salvatori, Giovanni Bongiovanni, Paolo Clemente, Chiara Ormando, Fernando Saitta and Federico Scafati
Infrastructures 2022, 7(2), 13; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/infrastructures7020013 - 21 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
The behavior of a reinforced concrete building, seismically isolated with high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) and sliding devices (SD), observed during the most important events of the seismic sequence that struck central Italy from August 2016 to January 2017, is analyzed. Due to [...] Read more.
The behavior of a reinforced concrete building, seismically isolated with high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) and sliding devices (SD), observed during the most important events of the seismic sequence that struck central Italy from August 2016 to January 2017, is analyzed. Due to the epicenter distances, all the events had light effects at the site, thus the isolation system was not always put into action. A previous very low energy earthquake and the ambient vibration analysis are used for comparison. The study of the isolation system response is first carried out and the variability of the resonance frequencies with the input energy at the site is pointed out. These frequencies are quite close to those of the superstructure considered as fixed base. Small cracks were observed after the sequence in some partition walls of the building. The analysis of the superstructure was performed by means of a finite element model, assuming a non-linear model for the isolators, based on previous experimental data. The importance of a suitable decoupling between the superstructure and the ground and the contribution of the sliding devices under low energy earthquake is pointed out. Full article
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