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Insects
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Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids
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Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids

A special issue of Insects (ISSN 2075-4450). This special issue belongs to the section "Insect Systematics, Phylogeny and Evolution".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 8656

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gexia Qiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: aphid taxonomy; phylogenetics and evolution; mitogenomics; species diversity and biogeography; aphid–host plant association; aphid–endosymbiont interaction; aphid–ant mutualism
Prof. Dr. Xiaolei Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Plant Protection and Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: animal ecology; biogeography; open science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aphids are a group of phloem-feeding insects with fascinating biological characteristics (e.g., complex life cycle, asexual and sexual reproduction, phenotypic plasticity, caste differentiation) and can have tight relationships with host plants, microbial symbionts, and other insect partners. Meanwhile, many aphid species are notorious agricultural and forestry pests. Therefore, aphids have long been popular research animals in basic and applied biology. In recent years, with the development of new research technologies and tools (e.g., DNA barcoding, high-throughput sequencing, ‘omics’), aphids are becoming increasingly useful research models for studying important scientific questions in ecology and evolution.

This Special Issue welcomes original and review articles focusing on aphids and related to topics including (but not limited to) systematics, biogeography, ecology and evolution, genomics, population genetics, species interactions and pest management.

Prof. Dr. Gexia Qiao
Prof. Dr. Xiaolei Huang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Insects is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aphid
  • biogeography
  • ecology and evolution
  • genomics
  • pest management
  • population genetics
  • species interaction
  • symbiosis
  • systematics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5220 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Transgenerational Effects of Sublethal Imidacloprid and Diversity of Symbiotic Bacteria on Acyrthosiphon gossypii
by Yindi Wei, Yue Su, Xu Han, Weifeng Guo, Yue Zhu and Yongsheng Yao
Insects 2023, 14(5), 427; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/insects14050427 - 29 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1308
Abstract
Symbiotic bacteria and hormesis in aphids are the driving forces for pesticide resistance. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effects of imidacloprid on the population growth parameters and symbiotic bacterial communities of three successive generations of Acyrthosiphon gossypii were investigated. [...] Read more.
Symbiotic bacteria and hormesis in aphids are the driving forces for pesticide resistance. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effects of imidacloprid on the population growth parameters and symbiotic bacterial communities of three successive generations of Acyrthosiphon gossypii were investigated. The bioassay results showed that imidacloprid had high toxicity to A. gossypii with an LC50 of 1.46 mg·L−1. The fecundity and longevity of the G0 generation of A. gossypii decreased when exposed to the LC15 of imidacloprid. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), and total reproductive rate (GRR) of G1 and G2 offspring were significantly increased, but those of the control and G3 offspring were not. In addition, sequencing data showed that the symbiotic bacteria of A. gossypii mainly belonged to Proteobacteria, with a relative abundance of 98.68%. The dominant genera of the symbiotic bacterial community were Buchnera and Arsenophonus. After treatment with the LC15 of imidacloprid, the diversity and species number of bacterial communities of A. gossypii decreased for G1–G3 and the abundance of Candidatus-Hamiltonella decreased, but Buchnera increased. These results provide insight into the resistance mechanism of insecticides and the stress adaptation between symbiotic bacteria and aphids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids)
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12 pages, 287 KiB  
Article
The Peculiarities of Metopolophium dirhodum (Walk.) Population Formation Depending on Its Clonal and Morphotypic Organization during the Summer Period
by Elena Gandrabur, Anton Terentev, Alexander Fedotov, Dmitriy Emelyanov and Alla Vereshchagina
Insects 2023, 14(3), 271; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/insects14030271 - 08 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1140
Abstract
The ecological plasticity of aphid populations is determined by their clonal and morphotypic diversity. Clones will be successful when the development of their component morphotypes is optimized. The purpose of this work was to reveal the peculiarities of clonal composition and the developmental [...] Read more.
The ecological plasticity of aphid populations is determined by their clonal and morphotypic diversity. Clones will be successful when the development of their component morphotypes is optimized. The purpose of this work was to reveal the peculiarities of clonal composition and the developmental characteristics of different summer morphotypes for the rose-grass aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walk.), which is an important host-alternating cereal pest and a useful model species. During the experiments, aphids were kept under ambient conditions on wheat seedlings at natural temperatures and humidity levels. An analysis of the reproduction of summer morphotypes and the resulting composition of offspring found that variation among the clones and morphotypes, as well as generational effects and an influence of sexual reproduction (and interactions between all factors) influenced the population structure of M. dirhodum. The reproduction of emigrants was less among the clones than that of the apterous or alate exules. The number of offspring produced by apterous exules differed throughout the growing season (generational effects) and between years, with different clones exhibiting different responses. There were dispersing aphids only among the offspring of apterous exules. These results can contribute to future advances in the forecasting and monitoring of aphid populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids)
14 pages, 2429 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of Cytochrome P450 Genes in the Social Aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola
by Jianjun Lu, Hui Zhang, Qing Wang and Xiaolei Huang
Insects 2023, 14(2), 212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/insects14020212 - 20 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1637
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) have a variety of functions, including involvement in the metabolism of exogenous substances and the synthesis and degradation of endogenous substances, which are important for the growth and development of insects. Pseudoregma bambucicola is a social aphid that produces [...] Read more.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) have a variety of functions, including involvement in the metabolism of exogenous substances and the synthesis and degradation of endogenous substances, which are important for the growth and development of insects. Pseudoregma bambucicola is a social aphid that produces genetically identical but morphologically and behaviorally distinct first-instar soldiers and normal nymphs within colonies. In this study, we identified 43 P450 genes based on P. bambucicola genome data. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes were classified into 4 clans, 13 families, and 23 subfamilies. The CYP3 and CYP4 clans had a somewhat decreased number of genes. In addition, differential gene expression analysis based on transcriptome data showed that several P450 genes, including CYP18A1, CYP4G332, and CYP4G333, showed higher expression levels in soldiers compared to normal nymphs and adult aphids. These genes may be candidates for causing epidermal hardening and developmental arrest in soldiers. This study provides valuable data and lays the foundation for the study of functions of P450 genes in the social aphid P. bambucicola. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids)
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18 pages, 3019 KiB  
Article
Leaf UV-B Irradiation and Mycorrhizal Symbionts Affect Lettuce VOC Emissions and Defence Mechanisms, but Not Aphid Feeding Preferences
by Valeria Zeni, Arianna Grassi, Marco Santin, Renato Ricciardi, Ylenia Pieracci, Guido Flamini, Filippo Di Giovanni, Margherita Marmugi, Monica Agnolucci, Luciano Avio, Alessandra Turrini, Manuela Giovannetti, Monica Ruffini Castiglione, Annamaria Ranieri, Angelo Canale, Andrea Lucchi, Evgenios Agathokleous and Giovanni Benelli
Insects 2023, 14(1), 20; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/insects14010020 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2367
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) play important roles in plant–insect interactions by altering plant physiology and histology. We hypothesized that UV-B-induced oxidative stress was mitigated by AMF symbiosis. In this study, we conducted a multifactorial experiment to explore lettuce plant [...] Read more.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) play important roles in plant–insect interactions by altering plant physiology and histology. We hypothesized that UV-B-induced oxidative stress was mitigated by AMF symbiosis. In this study, we conducted a multifactorial experiment to explore lettuce plant response to AMF inoculation and UV-B exposure (0.4 W m−2; 16 h d−1; 2 weeks), either together or individually, as well as the interaction with the polyphagous insect pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Lettuce plants subjected to UV-B radiation showed an increase in callose and oxidative stress indicators, as well as a decrease in stomatal density. Mycorrhizal colonization cancelled out the effect of UV-B on stomatal density, while the symbiosis was not affected by UV-B treatment. The plant volatile emission was significantly altered by UV-B treatment. Specifically, the non-terpene 1-undecene abundance (+M/+UVB: 48.0 ± 7.78%; −M/+UVB: 56.6 ± 14.90%) was increased, whereas the content of the non-terpene aldehydes decanal (+M/+UVB: 8.50 ± 3.90%; −M/+UVB: 8.0 ± 4.87%) and undecanal (+M/+UVB: 2.1 ± 0.65%; −M/+UVB: 1.20 ± 1.18%) and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (+M/+UVB: 18.0 ± 9.62 %; −M/+UVB: 19.2 ± 5.90%) was decreased. Mycorrhization, on the other hand, had no significant effect on the plant volatilome, regardless of UV-B treatment. Aphid population was unaffected by any of the treatments, implying a neutral plant response. Overall, this study provides new insights about the interactions among plants, UV-B, and AMF, outlining their limited impact on a polyphagous insect pest. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids)
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11 pages, 2533 KiB  
Communication
A New Genus and Species of Gall-Forming Fordini (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Rhus wilsonii Hemsl. from Yunnan, China
by Catherine Hébert, Xin Xu, Zixiang Yang and Colin Favret
Insects 2022, 13(12), 1104; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/insects13121104 - 30 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1226
Abstract
A new species of gall-forming aphid from China, Qiao jinshaensis gen. et sp. nov., is described from Rhus wilsonii Hemsl. Morphological identification and molecular analyses both support the establishment of a new genus. A diagnosis combining morphological and molecular characters from alate viviparae [...] Read more.
A new species of gall-forming aphid from China, Qiao jinshaensis gen. et sp. nov., is described from Rhus wilsonii Hemsl. Morphological identification and molecular analyses both support the establishment of a new genus. A diagnosis combining morphological and molecular characters from alate viviparae is provided and specimen metadata are published in an open-access and machine-readable format. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Aphids)
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